I taksaa thisen sen (red blood cells) te hi ‘delivery service’ angin ngaihtuah la, chu chuan i taksa pum puiah oxygen a phur a ni. Tunah chuan heng thisen sen (red blood cells) te hi a tlahniam a, a nih loh leh an thawk tha lo a nih chuan taksa tissue te hian oxygen mamawh an dawng lo. Hei hi ‘anemia’ emaw ‘thisen tlakchhamna’ emaw kan tih mai mai dinhmun hi a ni. Tichuan i chau, chak lo leh nunna nei loin i inhria fo thin. Mi tam zawk chuan iron tlakchham vanga thisen tlakchhamna (anemia) hi kan hre chiang hle. Mahse thisen tlakchhamna chi hrang hrang, mi tlemte chauhin an vei, kan hriat tam loh pawh a awm bawk. Vawiin hian thisen tlakchhamna chi hrang hrang hmuh tur awm lo thenkhat kan sawi dawn a ni.
Aplastic Anemia chu eng nge ni?
Kan thisen cell te hi ruhro (bone marrow) a stem cell atanga siam a ni. Hengte hi thisen cell zawng zawng chi bulpui (original seeds) an ni. Aplastic anemia veiah chuan ruhro chhunga heng stem cells te hi a chhe vek a ni. Chumi avang chuan taksain a mamawh phuhruk turin thisen cell thar (red cell, white cell, leh platelet) a siam tling thei lo.
He natna hi pianpui a ni thei a, chu chu nu leh pa atanga gene hmanga kai theih tihna a ni. A nih loh leh dam chhungin a lo thang lian thei bawk. He chi hnihna hi hmuh tur a tam ber. A châng chuan rei lo tê chauh a ni thei bawk.
Pawn lam atanga lo chhuak: 1.1.
- Autoimmune natna lupus leh rheumatoid arthritis te.
- Chemical, pesticide, arsenic, leh benzene te nena inzawmna. (Chemical i ei nia i rinhlelh chuan Colombo National Hospital-a National Poisons Information Center-ah zawh nghal rawh.)
- Hepatitis, Epstein-Barr virus, leh HIV ang chi natna hrik te.
- Cancer tan radiation leh chemotherapy hmanga enkawl a ni.
He natna lan chhuah dan chu thawk hah, luak chhuak, lu na, vun dum, rilru na, tachycardia, leh kut leh ke a vawt te a ni. Enkawlnaah hian thisen pek leh stem cell transplant te a tel a ni.
Sideroblastic thisen tlakchhamna (Aneemia) a awm
Hei pawh hi thisen lama harsatna a ni. Heta thil thleng chu, taksain iron nei mahse, chu iron chu hemoglobin siam nan a hmang thei lo. Hemoglobin hi protein a ni a, thisen sen (red blood cells) te oxygen phur turin a pui a ni. Iron hi hman theih a nih loh avangin ruhroah iron a awm khawm a, thisen sen chi danglam tak, sideroblasts an tih chu a siam ta a ni.
Hei hi chi hnih lian tak a ni. Pakhat chu pawn lam atanga chemical emaw damdawi emaw a inhriat avanga lo awm a ni. A dang chu genetic mutation avanga lo awm a ni a, chu chu thlah kal zelah a kal zel a, chu chuan hemoglobin siamchhuahna a tichhe a ni. A lan chhuah dan chu rilru na, thinlung na rang, lu na leh thawk harsa te a ni.
A pawimawh ber chu natna thlentu zawn chhuah hi a ni. He natna hi damdawi emaw chemical emaw avanga lo awm a nih chuan damdawi lam thurawn angin pumpelh tur a ni.
Vitamin B6 therapy leh bone marrow transplant te pawh hi hei hi enkawlna a ni.
Anemia chi dang hmuh tur awm lo thenkhat
A chunga kan sawi tak chi hrang hrangte bakah hian thisen tlakchhamna chi dang engemaw zat kan hriat vak loh a awm bawk. Chutiang pawh chu tawi te tein han thlir ila.
| Anemia chi hrang hrang | Hrilhfiahna awlsam tak | Thil awm dan tlangpui |
|---|---|---|
| Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS) natna a awm thei lo. | Ruhro (bone marrow) a chhiat a, thisen cell hrisel siam thei lo dinhmun. Hei hi cancer chi khat anga ngaih a ni. | Hriselna, thisen chhuak, natna hrik kai, khawsik, khawsik, hahna, taksa rihna tlahniam. |
| Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia atanga lo chhuak a ni | I taksa chakna (immune system) hian nangmah ngeiin thisen sen (red blood cells) a tichhia a, thlak theih aia rang zawkin a tichhia a ni. | Chauhna, vun dum, thinlung na rang, luak chhuak, khawsik, hnungzang na, vun sen (jaundice). |
| Megaloblastic thisen tlakchhamna (Megaloblastic Anemia) a ni | Thisen sen (red blood cells) chu ruhro (bone marrow) atanga siam chu a pangngai lo takin a lian a, a puitling lo bawk. Hei hian oxygen an phurh theih loh phah a ni. Vitamin B12 emaw B9 (folate) tlakchham vang a ni. | Luak chhuak, hah, luak chhuak, luak chhuak, thinlung thawk chak, taksa ruh na, luak chhuak. |
| Fanconi thisen tlakchhamna | Genetic condition, thlah kal zelah a lo inher chhuak thin. Bone marrow hian thisen cell a siam tling lo. | Ke ruh lian pangngai lo, hliam/thisen chhuak awlsam, natna hrik kai fo, thinlung, kal, ruh lama harsatna, vun rawng danglam. Cancer (a bik takin AML) vei theihna a sang. |
Condition dang hmuh tur awm lo Diamond-Blackfan leh CDA te
- Diamond-Blackfan Anemia: Hei hi genetic changes avanga lo awm a ni bawk. Ruhro hian thisen sen (red blood cells) a siam tling thei lo. Heng naupangte hi an tawi a, ruh chak lo tak tak an nei a, thinlung murmur an nei thei bawk.
- Congenital Dyserythropoietic Anemia (CDA): Hei hi thisen tlakchhamna chi khat, rochun atanga lo piang a ni bawk. Thisen sen hrisel tak tak a ti tlem a ni. Mi thenkhat chuan enkawlna engmah an mamawh lo mai thei a, mahse natna khirh tak tak erawh chuan thisen pek emaw, stem cell thlak emaw a ngai thei.
Hetiang dinhmunah hian eng nge i tih?
I hmuh angin, heng thisen tlakchhamna chi hrang hrang zawng zawng chhinchhiahna tlangpui chu hah lutuk, vun hring, thawk hah, leh thinlung na chak lutuk hi a ni. Chuvangin heng symptoms te hi i neih reng chuan ngaihthah mai mai suh.
Mahni inngaihtuah a, damdawi dawr atanga iron pill ei hian hetiang harsatna thuk tak hi a chinfel sak dawn lo. A pawimawh ber chu diagnosis dik tak a ni.
I tih theih tha ber chu i doctor hmuh hi a ni. Thisen test leh bone marrow test te a ti ang a, a tul chuan natna thlentu dik tak chu a zawng chhuak ang. Enkawlna chu a chhanah a innghat ang. Condition thenkhat chu damdawi hmanga enkawl theih a nih laiin, a nasat chuan bone marrow transplant ang chi enkawlna lian tak tak i neih a ngai mai thei. Symptom na tak tak (e.g., lu na na tak, rilru na) i neih chuan damdawi in emergency room (ETU) pan vat a pawimawh.
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- ‘Anemia’ hi iron tlakchham vang a ni ngai lo. A chi hrang hrang awm lo mahse serious tak tak a awm.
- Chauhna, hahna, vun dum, leh luak chhuak ang chi symptoms i neih chhunzawm zel chuan ngaihthah suh.
- Diagnosis dik tak neih a pawimawh hle. Chumi atan chuan doctor thiam tak hmuh ngei ngei tur a ni. Mahni inenkawl tum suh.
- Heng natna tam tak hi genetic a ni a, chu chu thlah kal zelah a kai darh thei tihna a ni. I chhungkuaa tu pawhin heng thisen natna hi an nei a nih chuan i doctor hnenah hriattir la.
- Enkawlna dik tak hmang chuan heng natna tam tak hi control theih a ni a, thenkhat chu tihdam vek theih a ni bawk. Chuvangin hlau suh la, i doctor thurawn zawm rawh.
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