I thluaka arsi ang chi cell (Astrocytoma) atanga lo chhuak tumor te hi i zir dawn nia!

Kan nunah hian beisei loh hriselna lama harsatna kan tawk vek a ni lawm ni? Lu na i nei fo emaw, i hriatrengna a bo deuh niin i inhria emaw pawh a ni thei. Chûngte chu thil pangngai a nih theih laiin, a châng chuan kan taksa chhûnga harsatna awm, a bîk takin thluak lama harsatna awm chhinchhiahna a ni thei bawk. Vawiin hian thluaka tumor chi khat, a buaithlak deuh a, mahse kan hriat vek tur a ni. Chu chu Astrocytoma a ni .

Astrocytoma hi eng nge ni? A awlsam zawngin i hrethiam ang u!

Okay, tunah chuan he astrocytoma hi eng nge a nih kan en ang. A awlsam zawngin kan central nervous system (CNS) -a awm tumor chi khat a ni a, chu chu thluaka awm ber a ni a, a chang chuan spinal cord (spinal hnuai lama kal nerve cord)-ah a awm bawk. Heng tumor te hi kan thluaka arsi ang chi cell chi khat bik atanga siam a ni. Doctor te chuan heng cell te hi ``astrocyte cells`` tiin an sawi thin. Heng ``astrocyte cells`` te hi thluak leh nervous system puitu, chawmtu leh venghimtu cell pawl pakhata tel cell an ni. Heng helper cells te hi ``glial cells`` tia koh an ni tlangpui. ``Astrocyte cells`` tih lohah hian ``glial cells`` chi dang ``oligodendrocytes`` leh ``ependymal cells`` an tih te pawh a awm bawk. Chuvangin, heng ``glial cells`` te hi thunun theih loha an lo thang lian tan a tumor lo awm thin te hi ``glioma`` an ti a. Astrocytoma hi glioma chi khat a ni ber.

Heng astrocytoma tumor te hi cancer (malignant) emaw cancer nei lo (benign) emaw pawh a ni thei . Chumi awmzia chu ṭhenkhat chu hlauhawm leh darh chak tak an ni tihna a ni. Ṭhenkhat chu an ni lo va, an lo thang lian a, an darh zauh zauh bawk.

Doctor-te chuan astrocytomas hi an "grade" hmangin an thliar hrang a, sikul-a grade ang bawkin. Heng grade te hian tumor a lo thang chak dan leh a bul hnaia thluak tissue-a a darh theih dan a sawifiah a ni. Cancer chi dang ang lo takin "staging" system a awm lo.

Astrocytoma chi hrang hrangte chu engte nge ni?

World Health Organisation (WHO) chuan astrocytomas hi main grade paliah a then a. Grade 1 hi risk hniam ber, slow-growing type a ni. Grade 4 hi a chetsualna ber, a thang chak ber, leh hlauhawm ber chi a ni.

Cancer nei lo (Benign) Astrocytoma a ni

Hengte hi risk hniam tak, cancer nei lo tumor an ni.

• Pawl 1-na Astrocytoma natna: 1.1.
• Pilocytic astrocytoma natna hi a awm a:Hei hi grade 1 tumor chi khat zingah chuan a tam ber a ni. A thang zawi hle a, a darh zauh zauh bawk. Cancer a ni lo. Surgery hmanga lak chhuah vek a nih hnuah chuan chemotherapy emaw radiation therapy emaw a ngai lo tlangpui. Heng tumor te hi cerebellum-ah an lo awm tam ber a, chu chu thluak hmun , cerebellum an tih chu a ni.
• Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma: Hetiang tumor chi hi thluaka a lo thang lian fo bawk. A tam ber chu thluak temporal lobe -ah a lo awm thin. Hei hian seizure a thlen fo thei. Surgery hmanga tihdam theih a ni.
• Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma (SEGA): Hetiang tumor hi naupang, tuberous sclerosis an tih, genetic condition nei te zingah a awm tlangpui. Thluak chhunga tui tamna hmun (fluid-filled cavities)-ah a lo thang lian a, chu chu ventricles an ti a ni. Surgery hmanga enkawl theih a ni bawk.

Astrocytoma natna tha lo tak a ni

Hengte hi tumor hlauhawm tak tak, cancer cell awmna, thang lian leh darh chak thei an ni.

• Grade 2 Astrocytoma: Heng tumor te hi a chhehvel thluak tissue-ah a darh tam zawk a, operation ringawt pawha tihdam kim a harsa hle.
• Grade 3 Astrocytomas: Hengte hi grade 2 tumor aiin an aggressive zawk. Vawi tam tak chu grade 2 tumor hi hun kal zelah grade 3 ah a kal thei thin. Hengte hi operation ringawt pawh hian tihdam theih a ni ngai lo. Radiation therapy hi a ngai tak zet a, chemotherapy pawh a ngai fo bawk.
• Glioblastomas: Hengte hi grade 4 astrocytomas te an ni. Astrocytoma chi hrang hrang zingah chuan a tam ber leh a na ber ber an ni. An thang lian a, an darh chak hle bawk. An zinga 10% vel chu a hmaa awm tawh, low-grade astrocytoma, cancer lo ni tawh atanga lo piang an ni. A nih loh leh, 90% ah chuan grade 4 tumor angin an intan thin.

Tuin nge Astrocytoma hi vei?

Heng tumor te hi tu chungah pawh a lo awm thei a, mahse kum hrang hranga awmte zingah hian tumor grade hrang hrang a tam zawk tih hmuhchhuah a ni:

• Grade 1 Astrocytoma: Naupang leh puitling tleirawl zingah a tam ber.
• Grade 2 Astrocytoma: Puitling kum 20 leh 60 inkar ah a tam ber.
• Grade 3 Astrocytoma: Puitling kum 30 leh 60 inkar ah a tam ber.
• Glioblastoma (grade 4 astrocytoma): Puitling kum 50 leh 80 inkar ah a tam ber.

Mipa hian grade 3 leh 4 astrocytomas an nei tam zawk niin an sawi bawk.

He natna hi engtiang chiahin nge a hluar?

Astrocytoma grade hrang hrang vei tam dan pawh a inang lo hle:

• Grade 1 astrocytoma: Thluak tumor zawng zawng zinga 2% vel.
• Grade 2 astrocytoma: thluaka tumor zawng zawng zinga 2% atanga 5% vel a ni.
• Grade 3 Astrocytoma: Thluak tumor zawng zawng zinga 4% vel.
• Grade 4 Astrocytomas (Glioblastomas): Thluak tumor zawng zawng zinga 24% vel a ni.

Puitling zingah chuan glioblastoma (grade 4 astrocytoma) hi thluak cancer chi khat a ni ber.

Astrocytoma natna lan chhuah dan chu engte nge ni?

He tumor symptoms hi tumor lian leh te leh thluaka a awmna hmun a zirin a danglam thei. A lan chhuah dan tlangpui thenkhat chu:

• Lu na fo, a chang chuan zing lamah a na zual.
• Nausea leh luak chhuak.
• Seizures a awm thin.
• Rilru dinhmun inthlak danglamna: Entirnan, ngaihtuahna seng thei lo (delirium) emaw, hriatrengna hloh vek (dementia) ang chi dinhmun.
• Hriatrengna hloh.
• Thinlung lama harsatna dang: mize inthlak danglam, rilru put hmang inthlak danglam (depression ang chi).
• Taksa a hah lutuk.
• Mit lama harsatna: Mit a fiah lo, mit pahnih a hmu thei.
• Thusawi harsatna (aphasia): Thumal siam harsa, sawi tur ngaihtuah thiam lo.
• Incheina lama harsatna: ke ruhte chu a hlim lo va, a chak lo va, reflexes pangngai lo tak tak a lantir bawk.

Heng symptoms pakhat emaw a aia tam emaw i neih chuan a rang thei ang bera doctor pan a pawimawh hle.

Astrocytoma hi engte nge ni?

Dik tak chuan zirchiangtute chuan astrocytoma tam zawk hi a chhan dik tak an la hre lo. Heng tumor tam zawk hi chu a chang chuan a awm thin. Researcher-te’n risk factor an hmuhchhuah ber pahnih chu radiation exposure leh genetic influences te hi a ni.

Mahse, tun hnaia zirchianna hrang hrangah chuan `(IDH1 gene)` an tih gene-a mutation (change) awm hian low-grade astrocytomas lo piang chhuak turin nasa takin a pui tih hmuhchhuah a ni. He gene hian kan cell te chu chakna siam turin a pui thin. He gene hi tihdanglam a nih chuan chemical `(2-HG)` an tih chu a lo chhuak ta a ni. Hei hi hun kal zelah `(astrocy cells)` hrisel takah a pung khawm a, chu cell te chu a danglam tan ta a ni. Chutah chuan astrocytomas a lo awm ta a ni.

Radiation exposure leh astrocytoma te a awm bawk

Entirnan, cancer enkawlna atana hman thin ionizing radiation nena inzawmnaRadiation therapy hian astrocytoma vei theihna a tipung a ni.

Entirnan, naupang acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) vei, natna laka invenna atana radiation therapy dawngte chu kum 5 atanga kum 10 chhungin central nervous system tumor, astrocytoma ang chi an vei theihna chu a let 22 in a sang thei a ni.

Genetic avanga lo awm leh astrocytoma

A hnuaia genetic condition hmuh tur awm lo tak takte hi astrocytomas lo awm theihna nen hian a inzawm tih hmuhchhuah a ni:

• Li-Fraumeni syndrome: Hetiang dinhmun hi TP53 gene an tih gene-a mutation a awm chuan a lo awm thin. Hetiang syndrome vei te hian an dam chhungin cancer chi khat emaw a aia tam emaw an vei theihna chance 90% an nei a ni. Hei hian astrocytoma pawh a huam thei.
• Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1): Hetiang dinhmunah hian tumor lian zel tur titawp tura ngaih gene pakhata mutation a awm chuan cell te chu a lo thang lian lo hle a ni. NF1 vei te hian astrocytomas, peripheral nerve-a tumor, vunah café-au-lait spot te an nei thei a ni.
• Tuberous sclerosis: He natna hian hriselna lama harsatna chi hrang hrang a thlen a. Chung zingah chuan seizure, development delay, leh taksa peng hrang hranga tumor siam te a tel. Gene pahnih TSC1 gene leh TSC2 gene-a mutations avanga lo awm a ni. Subependymal giant cell astrocytomas (SEGAs) hi tuberous sclerosis vei zingah chauh a lo awm tlangpui.
• Turcot syndrome: He natna hi tumor thanna tur tikhawlotu gene engemaw zat mutations avanga lo awm a ni. Intestine-ah te te (polyps) a siam thei a, thluak emaw spinal cord-ah emaw tumor pakhat emaw a aia tam emaw, astrocytomas ang chi a siam thei bawk.

Engtin nge Astrocytoma hi hmuhchhuah a nih?

Astrocytoma natna lan chhuah dan hi thluak lam natna dang nen a inang avangin doctor-te tan rinhlelh emaw, hriatchhuah emaw chu a harsa deuh thei a ni.

Mahse, i doctor chuan i symptoms leh medical history te a zawt ang che. Neurological exam a nei ngei ang . Hei hian thluak emaw, ruhro emaw-a harsatna awmna hmun hriat theih nan a pui ang.

Tichuan doctor chuan thluak imaging test a ti ang . MRI (Magnetic resonance imaging) scan hi astrocytoma hmuhchhuah leh hriat theihna tha ber a ni. Pacemaker emaw joint implant emaw i neih avanga MRI i tih theih loh chuan CT scan (Computed tomography scan) hi a tha ber dawttu a ni.

Heng imaging test-ah hian thluaka thil danglam tak a awm a nih chuan doctor chuan biopsy (tumor hmun te tak te chu enfiah turin a la) emaw, resection emaw a ti mai thei.(surgical removal of the tumor) tih a tha. Hei chauh hi diagnosis dik tak siam theihna kawng awmchhun a ni.

Cancer astrocytoma hi tihdam theih a ni em?

Grade 1 astrocytomas hi neurosurgeon-in him taka tumor pumpui a lakchhuah theih chuan operation hmangin tihdam theih a ni fo. A tlem hle a, grade 2 astrocytoma thenkhat pawh hi operation hmangin tihdam theih a ni.

Mahse, tun dinhmunah chuan grade 3 leh 4 astrocytomas (a bik takin glioblastomas) te hi an thang lian a, an darh chak em avangin damdawi a la awm lo. Mahse, radiation therapy leh damdawi thenkhat hian heng tumor te hi a lo thang lian zel a, a natna lanchhuahna a ti tlem thei bawk.

Astrocytoma hi engtin nge enkawl a nih?

Enkawlna kawng hrang hrangte chu thil engemaw zatah a innghat a:

• Tumor awmna hmun, a lian leh te, a chi hrang hrang.
• i kum zat.
• I hriselna zawng zawng.

Specialist team chuan i tana enkawlna tur ruahmanna tha ber tur an siam ang. He team hian:

• Neurologist te an ni
• Neurosurgeon te pawh an awm
• Radiation hmanga oncologist te an ni
• Medical oncologist te an ni

Astrocytoma enkawl dan tlangpui chu:

• Inzai.
• Radiation hmanga enkawlna a ni.
• Adjuvant chemotherapy hmanga enkawl a ni.
• Tumor enkawltu field (glioblastoma tan) te.

Chu bakah, clinical trial i tel theihna tur pawh a awm thei bawk.

Astrocytoma natna avanga operation tih a ni

Surgery hi astrocytoma enkawlna atana hmalakna hmasa ber a ni. Hlawkna lian pathum a pe a, chungte chu:

1. Tumor atanga tissue chi khat la chhuakin microscope hmanga enfiahin eng chi tumor nge a nih chiang takin i hre thei ang.

2. Doctor ten tumor hi test tam zawk an ti thei a, damdawi thenkhatin an target theih protein leh mutations a awm em tih an enfiah thei.

3. Tumor a tam thei ang ber lakchhuah theihna a siam. Hei hian thluak leh luruh chhunga pressure a tihziaawm bakah harsatna dang a veng thei bawk.

Grade 1 astrocytomas hi a thang zawi zawi a, thluak hmun dangah a darh lo a, surgery hi enkawlna awmchhun a ni.

Astrocytoma natna enkawlna atana adjuvant therapies

Adjuvant therapy, a then chuan "helper therapy" tia koh a ni a, cancer cell, enkawlna bulpuiin a tihlum lohte chu a target a ni. Astrocytoma-ah chuan surgery hi a enkawlna ber a ni.

Grade 3 leh 4 astrocytomas te hian operation bakah hian enkawlna dang an mamawh fo thin. Grade 2 astrocytomas pawh hian a chang chuan enkawlna dang a mamawh thei bawk.

Astrocytoma enkawlna dang thenkhat:

• Chemotherapy with temozolomide (TMZ): Chemotherapy chu cancer cell tihhlum leh/ emaw, an pung zel tur tihtawp nan damdawi hman a ni. He damdawi, temozolomide (TMZ) hian tumor cell-te DNA a thlak danglam a, an thih phah a ni. TMZ hi grade 3 leh 4 astrocytoma zawng zawng tan first-line adjuvant treatment a ni. Grade 2 astrocytomas te tan pawh pek thin a ni.
• Radiation therapy: He enkawlna hian cancer cell te tihlum nan radiation (a tlangpuiin high-energy X-ray) a hmang thin. Hei hi astrocytomas enkawlna atana hmanraw tangkai tak a ni.
• Bevacizumab: Hei hi inject theih damdawi a ni. Tumor tihpunna tura puitu thisen kalna kawng a tikhawlo a, hna a thawk a ni. US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) chuan he damdawi hi recurrent glioblastoma tan a pawm a ni. Swelling tihziaawmna leh symptoms tihziaawmna a ni.
• Tumor-treating fields: Hei hi electric field siamtu bik a ni. Heng field te hian tumor thanna a ti slow thei a ni. Helmet ang maia bun a ni. Doctor-te chuan glioblastoma hmuhchhuah thar leh lo lang leh tan chuan he enkawlna hi an rawt thei ang.

Astrocytoma lo awm tur hi ka veng thei ang em?

Tunah hian astrocytomas lo awm tur venna tur engmah a awm lo. A tam zawkah chuan random takin an lo thanglian thin.

Mahse, astrocytoma vei theihna chance sang zawka siam thei genetic condition i neih chuan i medical team te checkup neihpui fo a pawimawh. Chumi hnuah chuan astrocytoma chhinchhiahna i neih leh neih loh an enfiah thei ang che. Hei hi hriat chian hma chuan a tha zawk.

Astrocytoma hi eng prognosis nge ni?

A hmalam hun tur, natna hi a lo tha leh dawn em tih leh eng chen nge i dam theih ang tih te hi thil engemaw zat ah a innghat a ni:

• Tumor grade: Grade a san poh leh a tlangpuiin outlook a chhe zawk thin.
• Tumor engzat nge surgery hmanga lak chhuah theih:Grade 1 astrocytomas hi operation chauh hmanga tihdam theih a nih laiin, grade 2 atanga 4 astrocytomas erawh chu paih vek theih a ni lo. Mahse, neurosurgeon-in tissue tam thei ang ber a lakchhuah theih chuan damchhuahna rate a tha hle.
• Enkawlna dang hman: Damdawi dang, Chemotherapy leh radiation therapy te hian natna lan chhuah dan a tihziaawm thei a, dam rei theihna a tipung thei bawk.
• Kum: A tlangpuiin naupang zawkte hian dam rei zawk an nei a.
• Mental status: Symptoms tlem ber leh neurological function pangngai nei te hian dam rei zawk an nei.

I medical team chuan i beisei tur dik zawk an pe thei ang che. Zawhna zawh hlau suh.

Astrocytoma damchhuahna rate hi engzat nge ni?

Astrocytoma grade a zirin damchhuah zat chu a inang lo:

• Pawl 1 (Pilocytic astrocytomas): Kum 10 aia tam.
• Grade 2 astrocytoma: kum 5 aia tam.
• Grade 3 astrocytoma: Kum 2 leh kum 5 inkar.
• Pawl 4 (Glioblastomas): Kum khat vel.

Hengte hi astrocytomas vei pawl lian tak tan chuan averages chauh a ni tih hriat reng a pawimawh. I medical team chuan i dinhmun bik a zirin damchhuah zat chungchang chipchiar zawkin an pe thei ang.

Astrocytoma chungchangah hian engtikah nge ka doctor ka hmuh ang?

I enkawlna a hlawhtling emaw, a hlawhtling chhunzawm zel emaw theih nan neurologist, oncologist, leh neurosurgeon te nen follow-up appointment i neih a ngai ang.

Symptom thar i neih emaw, i symptoms a zual emaw chuan a rang thei ang bera doctor ko rawh. Entir nan:

• Memory lama harsatna a awm.
• Convulsions a awm thin.
• Lu na nasa tak emaw, mit lama harsatna nei emaw.
• Chhan awm lovin taksa rihna tihtlem.

Doctor hnenah eng zawhna nge ka zawh ang?

I medical team-te hnenah heng zawhnate hi zawh hi a \angkai thei ang:

• Engvangin nge astrocytoma ka neih?
• Eng ang astrocytoma nge ka neih?
• Ka tan enge inenkawlna tha ber?
• Eng clinical trial-ah nge ka tel theih ang?
• Enkawlna hian eng hlauhawmna leh nghawng tha lo nge a neih?
• Enkawl hnuah eng aftercare nge ka mamawh ang?
• Enkawl hnuah cancer hi a lo kir leh emaw, a darh leh emaw theihna chance engzat nge ni?
• Tumor lo thang chakna chhinchhiahna eng nge ka ngaihven tur?
• Treatment complications symptoms engte nge ka ngaihven tur?
• Ka chhungte hi astrocytoma vei theihna hlauhawmah an awm em?

Astrocytoma leh Glioblastoma hi eng nge an danglamna?

Glioblastoma hi astrocytoma chi khat a ni a - a bik takin grade 4 astrocytoma a ni. Glioblastoma hi cancer natna hlauhawm tak a ni a, a thang lian a, a darh chak hle. Primary brain cancer zingah chuan a tam ber a ni.

Astrocytoma hi a tha lo em ni a, a tha lo em ni?

Astrocytomas hi chi hrang hrang a awm - a then chu cancer ni lo (benign) an ni a, thenkhat chu cancer (malignant) an ni bawk. Grade 1 astrocytomas te hi cancer nei lo an ni. Pawl 2 atanga 4 thleng hi cancer vei an ni.

A tawp berah chuan hriat reng tur (Take-Home Message) .

Brain tumor i nei tih i hriat chuan hlauhna leh rilru hah lutuk hi thil pangngai tak a ni. Astrocytoma hi grade hrang hrang a awm thei - ṭhenkhat chu benign an ni a, ṭhenkhat chu cancer vei an ni. Mahse, i medical team chuan i astrocytoma enkawl dan tur leh i nunphung tihchangtlunna tura pui turin mimal, enkawlna ruahmanna kimchang tak an siam ang tih ring rawh. Hlau suh, rinhlelh suh, i doctor-te zawhna zawt la, i enkawlna chu thlawp rawh. Dam leh thuai turin duhsakna ka hlan e!

` astrocytoma, thluaka natna hrik, glioma, astrocyte, central nervous system, cancer, glioblastoma te a ni