I hmangaih tak pawhin engkim a theihnghilh ve em? Dementia chungchang hi han sawi ila!

I nu, i pa, i pi, a nih loh leh i pi chuan an upat deuh deuh chuan thil an theihnghilh tih i hre ngai em? A chang chuan i chabi awmna hmun, mi hming emaw, i tih tur emaw theihnghilh hi thil pangngai tak a ni. Hei hi "kan tar dan chauh" nia kan ngaih laiin, a chang chuan he theihnghilh hi a nasat em avangin nitin hna thawh a harsat phah a nih chuan, chu chu dementia an tih dinhmun bul tanna a ni thei. Lungngai suh, vawiin hian he thu hi a awlsam zawngin kan sawi dawn a, chutiang chuan i hrethiam thei ang.

Dementia hi eng nge ni tak tak?

A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, dementia hi natna pakhat chauh a ni lo. Symptoms awmkhawmna a ni. Kan thluak cell chhiat avanga lo awm a ni a, chu chuan kan ngaihtuahna, hriatrengna, ngaihtuah thiamna leh tawng hman thiamna a tichak lo zauh zauh a ni. Hetiang dinhmun hian nitin hna kan thawh theih tawh loh khawpin min nghawng thei a ni.

Dementia hi umbrella lian tak angin ngaihtuah rawh. Chu umbrella hnuaiah chuan natna chi hrang hrang a awm a. A pawimawh ber leh mi tam zawkin an hriat tawh chu Alzheimer natna hi a ni . Dementia vei zinga 70%-80% velin Alzheimer natna avanga dementia an nei a. Amaherawhchu Alzheimer's bakah hian dementia thlentu natna dang 50 vel a awm.

Dementia leh delirium hi inzawm tir suh.

A châng chuan tar pakhat chu a buai thut a, a rilru a hloh ang maiin a che tih i hmu thei bawk. Hei hi delirium kan ti a. Hei hi dementia nen a danglam hle.

• Delirium: Hei hi ni khat emaw ni hnih emaw chhunga lo awm nghal mai thin a ni . Infection, damdawi thenkhat emaw, operation hnua lo awm emaw a ni thei. Enkawl theih leh tihdam vek theih a ni fo .
• Dementia: Hei hi thla emaw kum emaw chhunga zawi zawiin lo awm thin a ni . A tlangpuiin reverse a harsa hle.

Dementia hi tar chakna pangngai mai mai a ni em?

Hei hi mi tam takin harsatna an neih a ni. Kan upat deuh deuh chuan thil tenawm tak tak theihnghilh hi thil pangngai a ni. Mahse dementia hi thil danglam tak a ni. He danglamna hi chiang takin i hrethiam ang u.

Dementia hi engte nge ni?

Dementia hi kan thluaka nerve cells (neurons) tihchhiat leh an inkara inbiakpawhna hloh vang a ni. Thluaka khawi hmunah nge he chhiatna hi a thlen tih a zirin symptoms a inang lo.

A chhan ber chu:

• Alzheimer natna: He natnaah hian thluak cell inkarah hian protein duh loh (amyloid plaques) a awm khawm a, protein chi dang (tau tangles) chu cell chhungah a inzawm khawm thin. Hei hian cell te chu a thih tir thin.
• Vascular Dementia: Thluaka thisen phurtu thisen kalna kawng a chhiat avanga natna lo awm a ni. Thisen sang, zunthlum, cholesterol sang, leh stroke ang chi natna avanga lo awm thei a ni.
• Lewy body dementia (LBD): Hetiang dinhmun hi thluak cell chhunga protein clump pangngai lo Lewy bodies an lo awm vang a ni.
• Hma lam natna (FTD):Thluak hmalam leh hnunglam (frontal leh temporal lobes) a cell te tihchhiat avanga lo awm a ni. Hei hian nungchang leh mize inthlâk danglamna lian tak a thlen thei a ni.
• Lu hliam na tak: Accident avanga lu hliam na tak pawh hian hun rei tak chhungin dementia a thlen thei bawk.

Chu bakah , enkawl theih chhan hrang hrang, vitamin B12 tlakchhamna, thyroid hormone lama harsatna, leh natna thenkhatte pawhin dementia ang chi natna a thlen thei bawk. Chuvangin hriatrengna lama harsatna i neih veleh Doctor pan vat a, a chhan dik tak zawn chhuah a pawimawh hle.

Risk factors te chu engte nge ni? - Kan hriat tur thilte

Dementia vei theihna tipungtu thil engemaw zat a awm a:

• Kum: Kum 65 hnuah chuan a hlauhawmna a sang zauh zauh thin.
• Chhungkaw chanchin: I chhungkuaa mi (nu, pa, unau) te hian dementia an vei tawh a nih chuan nang pawh hi a hlauhawmna a sang deuh hlek bawk.
• Lung natna: Thisen sang, zunthlum, leh cholesterol sang ang chi thil control loh.
• Nunphung: Meizial zuk, zu in tam lutuk, ei leh in hrisel lo, leh exercise lak loh.
• Depression: Hun rei tak chhunga stress leh depression te pawh hi risk factor a ni.
• Social isolation: Midang nena inpawh leh inpawh tawn lova mahni chauha awm hi thluak hriselna atan pawh a tha lo.

Dementia natna lan chhuah dan hi engtin nge kan hriat theih ang?

Dementia natna bul tan tirh lamah chuan a lan chhuah dan chu a fiah lo thei a, mahse hun kal zelah a langsar zual zel a ni.

• Hun rei lote chhunga hriatrengna hloh: Hun rei vak lo kalta a sawi tawh kha theihnghilh a, zawhna inang chiah zawh nawn leh thin.
• Inbiakpawhna lama harsatna: Thusawi laiin thu dik tak hmuh harsa, i sawi tumnaah tlu lut.
• Bo: Kawngpui zawh tha takah, mahni khuaah pawh i kalna tur kawng zawn theih loh.
• Hna pangngai thawh harsa: Tea siam, chaw siam, bill pek ang chi hna awlsam tak takte step tihbuai.
• Mihring leh nungchang inthlak danglamna: A hma aia thinrim, buai, rinhlelh, emaw ngaihsak lo zawk.
• Thil mak hmuh emaw hriat emaw (Hallucinations): Thil awm tak tak lo i hmu emaw i hre emaw tih.
• Delusions: Thil dik lo tak tak ring tlat (e.g. mi pakhatin pawisa a rukbo nia ngaih).

Dementia enkawlna tur engte nge ni?

Dementia chi hrang hrang tam tak hi tihdam kim theih ni lo mah se, a natna lan chhuah dan thunun thei leh natna zual zel tur tikhawtlai thei enkawlna a awm.

1. Damdawi chi hrang hrang:

• Cholinesterase tihkhawtlai a ni(Ex: Donepezil, Rivastigmine): Hengte hian thluaka chemical pakhat, hriatrengna leh ngaihtuahna tichaktu level tihsanin hna an thawk a ni. Hengte hi Alzheimer natna hmasa leh a laiah pek thin a ni.
• Memantine: Hei hian natna laihawl leh a nasat laia symptoms control turin a pui a ni.
• Chu bakah, doctor chuan nungchang lama harsatna (anxiety, depression) control nan damdawi dang a pe thei bawk.

2. Damdawi hmang lo damdawi: 1.1 .

• Occupational therapy: Damlo leh enkawltute chu nitin hna him leh awlsam taka thawh dan tur a zirtir thin.
• Environment buatsaih: In chhunga thil tul lo awmte tihtlem a, boruak awlsam, buaina awm lo siam a pawimawh. Damlo tana hlauhawm thei thil (knife, match) chu hmuh theih lohna hmunah dah tur a ni.
• Thil tih dan mumal tak: Nitin ei leh in, inbual, leh mut hun inang ang chi tih dan siam hian damlo lungkhamna a tiziaawm thei a ni.

Dementia natna hi engtin nge kan nun theih ang? - Damlo leh enkawltu te tan thurawn pek

Dementia natna hmuhchhuah a nih chuan damlo leh an chhungte tan pawh thil mak tak a ni thei. Amaherawhchu, \anpuina leh ruahmanna \ha tak nen chuan nun \ha tak neih theih a ni.

Damlo hnenah chuan:

• Active takin awm rawh: Taksa exercise leh thluak tichaktu games (puzzles, chess)-ah tel ve rawh.
• Khawtlang nunah awm rawh: Ṭhiante leh chhungte nen inbiakna nei rawh.
• Ei hrisel ei: Ei leh in inthlau tak ei rawh.
• I rilru put hmang sawi rawh: I rilru put hmang chu i rintlak hnenah sawi rawh.

Enkawltu te tan:

• Dawhthei rawh: Thil pakhat an zawh nawn leh chuan dawhthei takin ngaithla rawh. Anmahni nen inhnial tum suh.
• Thusawi awlsam: Thumal tawi leh awlsam takin thu sawi rawh. Vawi khatah zawhna tam tak zawt suh.
• Hriselna lam ngaihtuah rawh: In chhung leh pawnah pawh an himna tur ngaihtuah rawh.
• Nangmah pawh ngaihtuah teh: Dementia vei enkawl hi rilru leh taksa lamah a harsa thei hle. Chuvangin chawlh hahdam nan hun hmang la, i hriselna ngaihtuah rawh. I mamawh chuan tanpuina dil rawh.