I nu, i pi, i farnu emaw, i chhungte hnai tak emaw chuan hnute cancer an nei tawh em? Chutiang thil a lo thlen chuan hlauhna leh lungkhamna nasa tak nei, "Kei pawhin ka dawng ang em?" Vawi tam tak chu heng cancer chi hrang hrangte hi hereditary risk nen a inzawm thei a ni. Vawiin hian chu hereditary risk zawngtu special test chungchang kan sawi dawn a ni. Chu chu BRCA gene test a ni.
A awlsam zawngin, he BRCA test hi eng nge ni?
Awle, hetiang hian han sawi ila. Kan taksaah hian gene chi hnih BRCA1 leh BRCA2 kan nei vek a . An hna ber chu kan taksa cell DNA siam that leh cancer cells te chu thunun theih loha an lo thang lian zel tur tihtawp hi a ni. Taksa ngei vengtu ang mai a ni. Chuvang chuan heng tumor suppressor genes kan ti bawk.
Tûnah chuan, heng vênhimtu gene-ah hian chhiatna, a nih loh leh mutation a awm chuan eng nge thleng ang tih han ngaihtuah teh? Tichuan cancer cells thanna titawptu process chu a chak lo ta a ni. Hei hian hnute cancer, ovarian cancer , leh cancer chi dang engemaw zat vei theihna a tipung hle.
A pawimawh ber chu heng BRCA gene mutations te hi hereditary a ni . Chumi awmzia chu nu a\anga fa hnenah an inthlunzawm thei tihna a ni. BRCA test hian i thisen sample a la a, BRCA1 emaw BRCA2 genes-ah risk mutation i nei em tih a enfiah thin.
Mi zawng zawng hian he BRCA test hi an nei vek tur em ni?
Ni lo, a ni lo tak zet. Heng BRCA gene defects te hi khawtlang nunah a hluar vak lo. Chuvangin, doctor-te chuan risk factor engemaw zat i neih loh chuan he test hi an rawt lo. Hei hi thil hriat duhna mai mai a ni lo.
Chuti a nih chuan, eng mite tan nge doctor chuan he test hi a rawt ang? I han en teh ang.
| Risk factor a ni | A sawifiahna awlsam tak |
|---|---|
| Mimal cancer chanchin | Nangmah ngeiin hnute cancer i vei tawh a nih chuan, a bik takin kum 50 i tlin hma a nih chuan.A nih loh leh hnute leh ovarian cancer pahnih i vei tawh a nih chuan. |
| Chhungkaw cancer chanchin | I chhungte zinga mi pakhat emaw, a aia tam emaw (i nu, i farnu, i fanu, i pi) te hian hnute cancer an vei tawh a nih chuan, a bik takin mipain hnute cancer a nei tawh a nih chuan chu pawh chu thil chak tak a ni. |
| BRCA defect hriat tawh a ni | I chhungte zingah mi pakhatin BRCA gene defect a nei tih finfiah a nih tawh chuan. |
| Cancer chi dang | I chhungkuaa mi tu emaw chuan cancer, ovarian cancer, pancreatic cancer, prostate cancer te a vei tawh a nih chuan. |
| Hriselna atanga lo piang natna hmuh tur awm lo | I chhungkuaa tu pawhin cancer vei theihna tipung thei, thlahtu natna dang, Cowden syndrome emaw Li-Fraumeni syndrome emaw an neih chuan. |
A pawimawh ber chu he test hi neih leh neih loh chu nangmah ngeiin i rel tur a ni lo. Hemi chungchang hi i doctor nen sawiho a, a thurawn atanga thutlukna siam a tha ber.
BRCA test atang hian eng nge kan zir theih ang?
He test hian BRCA gene defect i nei tih a nemnghet a nih chuan cancer chi hrang hrang vei theihna chance pangngai aia sang zawk i nei tihna a ni.
Hei hi han ngaihtuah teh: BRCA gene mutation nei mi chuan kum 80 a tlin chuan hnute cancer vei theihna chu mipui zahawm takte nena khaikhin chuan a let ruk zetin a sang zawk a ni . Cancer hi kum naupang zawkah pawh a awm tam zawk a, hnute pahnih a nghawng thei bawk.
Breast cancer bakah hian he genetic defect hian cancer chi dang engemaw zat a thlen theihna a tipung thei a ni:
- Ovarian cancer : A nena inzawm bawk chu fallopian tube cancer leh peritoneal cancer te an ni.
- Prostate cancer : Mipa tan.
- Pancreatic cancer natna a ni
- Fanconi anemia : Cancer hmuh tur awm lo, naupan lai atanga lo awm thei.
Test hma, test neih chhung leh test zawhah eng nge thleng?
Hetiang kalphung hi i ngaihtuah angin a buaithlak lo.
Test hmain
Genetic counselor hnenah refer i ni tlangpui ang . Hengte hi genes, heredity leh cancer hlauhawmna lama thiamna nei mi an ni. A hnuaia mite hi a hrilhfiah ang che:
- Test result chu `Positive` emaw `Negative` emaw a nih chuan eng nge a awmzia?
- Engtin nge result hian i cancer risk a nghawng?
- He result hian engtin nge i chhungkaw dang (naupang, unau) te chu a nghawng ang?
Test neih chhung hian
A awlsam khawp mai. I kut chhunga vein pakhat atanga thisen sample a lak mai mai a ni. Thisen test pangngai atana thisen pek ang maiin. Needle i dah hian natna tlem i nei thei a, mahse, a tih zawng zawng hi minute nga aia rei lo a ni.
Test zawhah
Results a rawn let leh theih nan kar engemaw zat a la ngai mai thei. Results a lo chhuah hnuah i genetic counselor nen in inhmu leh tur a ni. Ani chuan a rah chhuah hrethiam tûrin a ṭanpui ang che a, i hmaa i tih tûrte chu a sawiho ang che.
A result hian eng nge a awmzia?
Results awm thei chi thum a awm a. Pakhat hnu pakhatin chiang takin sawi ila.
| Result chi hrang hrang | Chu chu eng nge a awmzia? |
|---|---|
| 1. A result chu positive a ni. | |
| Awmzia | Hei hian i BRCA1 emaw BRCA2 gene-ah mutation i nei tihna a ni a, chu chuan cancer vei theihna a tipung tihna a ni. Mahse, hei hian cancer i vei tihna emaw, i vei ngei ang tihna a ni lo. I risk a sang zawk tihna mai a ni. |
| Eng nge tih leh tur? | Tunah chuan i risk tihtlem nan hma i la thei tawh ang. Hemi chungchang hi i doctor nen in sawiho hnuah, hetiang hi i ngaihtuah thei ang:
|
| 2. A result chu negative a ni. | |
| Awmzia | I taksaah BRCA gene defect i nei lo tihna a ni. Chumi awmzia chu i fate hian i hnen atangin BRCA gene defect an rochun dawn lo tihna a ni. |
| Mahse... | Hei hian cancer i vei ngai lovang tih a tichiang lo. I risk chu mipui zahawm tak zinga mi pakhat nen a inang tihna mai a ni. Mahse, chhungkaw history-a cancer vei chak tak i neih chuan gene mutation danglam tak i nei thei a, chu chuan cancer vei theihna a tipung thei a ni. Hemi chungchang hi i genetic counselor nen inbia ang che. |
| 3. A result a chiang lo (Uncertain / VUS) . | |
| Awmzia | Hei hi a buaithlak deuh a ni. Chumi awmzia chu i BRCA gene-ah hian inthlak danglamna (`variant`) a awm tihna a ni a, mahse scientist-te chuan chu inthlak danglamna chu a hlauhawm em tih te, cancer vei theihna a tipung em tih te, a danglamna pangngai, hlauhawm lo tak a nih leh nih loh an la chiang lo. Hei hi `Variant of Unknown Significance (VUS) tih a ni.` |
| Eng nge tih leh tur? | Hetih lai hian hlauthawng suh. I genetic counselor chuan hei hi a hrilhfiah belh ang che. Chhungkaw member dangte test tir emaw, nakin lawkah thu thar a awm chuan hriattir i nih emaw a ngai mai thei. Tunah chuan hetiang result hi negative result anga ngaih a ni tlangpui. |
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- BRCA test hi special genetic test a ni a, hnute, ovarian leh cancer chi dang engemaw zat vei theihna tur hereditary risk a zawng a ni.
- Hei hi mi zawng zawngin kan neih tur fiahna a ni lo. Doctor-te chuan risk factor engemaw zat nei tan chauh an rawt a, chu chu chhungkaw history-a cancer vei te tan chauh a ni.
- Positive result chuan cancer i nei tihna a ni lo. I risk a sang zawk tihna a ni a, chu risk chu enkawl turin hma i la thei tihna a ni.
- Hemi hi result dawn hma leh dawn hnuah doctor leh genetic counselor te nen sawiho a pawimawh hle.
- Hriatna hi thiltihtheihna a ni. I hlauhawmna hriat reng hi nang leh i chhungte hmalam hun hriselna humhimna atana hmalakna pawimawh tak a ni.
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