Doctor-te’n nangmah emaw, i hnaih ber emawin hnute cancer an vei tih an nemnghet chuan, i hlauhthawnna leh lungkhamna i neih chu tawngkam hmanga sawi chhuah a harsa hle. Chutih rual chuan, doctor-te’n test leh enkawlna hrang hrang an sawi hian , chu thute chu hriatthiam a harsa thei hle. Test pakhat i hriat fo tur chu IHC test a ni. A hming chu a buaithlak deuhin a lang thei a, mahse hlau suh . Hei hi test pawimawh tak a ni a, i doctor chuan i cancer enkawlna tha ber a thlang thei a ni. Vawiin hian he thu hi a awlsam em em, i hriatthiam theih dan tur angin kan sawi dawn a ni.
IHC test hi eng nge ni mai?
A awlsam zawngin IHC (Immunohistochemistry) hi i cancer cell awm dan dik tak hriat theihna tur test bik a ni. Hnute cancer zawng zawng hi a inang vek lo. Cancer thenkhat chuan kan taksaa hormone awmte hi an lo thang lian thin. Mi dangte chuan an ṭhanlen theih nan protein dang an rinchhan a ni. Chuvangin i cancer tihpunna tura puitu thilte chiang taka i hriat hnu chuan i doctor chuan chu thilte chu target-in a enkawl thei ang.
IHC test hian thil pahnih a zawng ber a, chungte chu:
1. Hormone Receptors : Kan taksa hian a pianphungah estrogen leh progesterone an tih hormone a siam chhuak a. Breast cancer cell thenkhat chuan an chung lamah hmun bik receptor an tih an nei a, chutah chuan heng hormone te hi an inzawm thei a ni. Heng hormone te hi an inzawm chuan cancer cell te hian an lo thang lian turin signal an dawng thin. I cancer cell-te hian heng hormone receptor te hi an neih chuan "hormone receptor-positive" an ti a ni.
2. HER2 protein: `(HER2)` hi protein dang pakhat a ni a, cell thanna control naah a pui bawk. Mahse, hnute cancer cell thenkhat chuan he `HER2` protein hi an siam tam lutuk. Hei hi "HER2-positive" an ti a. Hei hi cancer a lo thang chak chhan pawh a ni.
He test hian a tum ber chu eng factors nge i cancer "feeding" tih chiang taka hriat a ni a, chu chu eng thil nge a lo thang lian tih hriat a ni. Tichuan, chu "feeding" titawp thei tur damdawi kan pe thei ang che.
He IHC test hi engtin nge an tih?
He test hi i cancer cells sample lak a ngai a ni . Hei hi cancer a awm leh awm loh finfiah nan biopsy an lak lai emaw, cancer lakchhuahna tura operation an neih lai emaw atanga lak chhuah a ni tlangpui.
Tichuan he tissue piece hi laboratory-ah an thawn a, chu chu lab-ah an thawn a ni. Chutah chuan thil ngaihnawm tak a thleng a:
- Lab-a professional-te chuan i cancer cell sample-ah chemical bik an dah belh ang. Hei hian protein chi khat, lab-a a bik taka siam a hmang a ni. Chungte chu ``antibodies'' an ti a.
- Heng `(antibodies)` te hi `(Estrogen)`, `( Progesterone )` emaw `(HER2)` receptor-ah chauh inzawm tura siam an ni. Chabi nena inmil keyhole ang maiin.
- I cancer cells te hian heng receptor te hi an neih chuan chu antibodies te chu an kal ang a, an stick ang.
- Tichuan, chu chu chemical dang dah belh a nih chuan, antibody inzawmkhawm cell-te chuan rawng an thlak .
- Pathologist , a nih loh leh histologist chuan microscope hmangin tissue chu a en a, cell rawng danglam tawh a awm leh awm loh leh engzat nge awm tih a chhiar thin.
Hei hi i cancer chu `HER2-positive`, `hormone receptor-positive`, `both negative` tih chiang taka i hriat theih dan a ni.
Test report-a thil awmte chu engtin nge i hriatthiam?
IHC test report i hmuh chuan a chunga number leh thumal awmte hmuh chu a hlauhawm deuh thei. Mahse a pawimawh ber chu i doctor nen thu dun a report a thil awm zawng zawng chiang taka sawi dun hi a ni . Hetiang hi result report dan tlangpui a ni:
HER2 result a ni
`HER2` result hi number anga pek a ni tlangpui.
| Nghawngchhuah | Awmzia |
|---|---|
| 0 emaw 1+ emaw a ni | Hei hian i cancer chu HER2-negative a ni tihna a ni. Chumi awmzia chu cancer cell-te hian HER2 receptor an nei lo emaw, an level hniam hle emaw tihna a ni. |
| 2+ a ni | Hei hi "borderline" emaw, indeterminate condition emaw a ni. Tumor hi HER2-positive nge negative tih chiang taka sawi theih a ni lo. Chutiang hunah chuan doctor chuan test chiang zawk, FISH test (Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization) an tih chu a rawt thei a ni. |
| 3+ a ni | Hei hian i cancer chu HER2-positive a ni tihna a ni . Chumi awmzia chu cancer cell-te hian HER2 receptor an nei tam lutuk tihna a ni. |
Hormone Receptor (ER/PR) atanga lo chhuak a ni
Heng result te hi kawng hrang hrangin report theih a ni:
- Za zela chhut (0% - 100%): Cancer cell 100 zingah hormone receptor nei zat.
- 0 atanga 3: 0 thlenga number awm chuan receptor a awm lo tihna a ni. 1, 2, leh 3 te hian receptor hniam, medium leh high te a tarlang a ni.
- An "Allred score" (0-8): He score hi a san poh leh receptor tam zawk leh an chiang zawk.
- "Positive" emaw "Negative" emaw: "Positive" tih hian receptor a awm tihna a ni. Receptor 1% vel chauh awm mahse "Positive" anga ngaih a la ni tho. Chuvangin percentage emaw score emaw hriat a pawimawh hle.
A chang chuan result a dik lo thei bawk. Ringhlelna i neih chuan i doctor hnenah report chu ``pathologist`` dangin enfiah leh turin emaw, test nawn leh turin emaw ngen hreh ngai suh.
IHC result hian engtin nge i enkawlna a nghawng?
Hei hi a pawimawh ber a ni. I oncologist chuan IHC test result a zirin i tan enkawlna tha ber tur a ruat ang.
| Cancer chi hrang hrang (IHC result atanga chhut) . | Treatment inmil tak tak te |
|---|---|
| HER2-positive a ni | Hetiang chi tan hian HER2 protein target tu targeted therapy hi a hlawk hle. |
| HER2-negative a ni | Hetiang chi hi HER2-positive cancer aiin a thang zawi zawk thei. HER2-targeted drugs hian he chi tan hian hna a thawk lo. Chuvângin, i doctor chuan enkawlna dang, chemotherapy emaw, hormone therapy emaw ang chi chu a thlang thei a ni. |
| Hormone receptor-positive (ER+ leh/ emaw PR+) a awm a. | Hetiang cancer chi tan hian hormone therapy hi a hlawk hle. Heng damdawi te hian taksaa estrogen level a tihhniam emaw, cancer cells te estrogen an hmuh loh nan a titawp emaw a ni. |
| Hormone receptor-negative tak a ni | Heng cancer te hi an thang chak hle tlangpui. Hormone hmanga enkawlna hian hei hi a nghawng thei lo. Chuvangin, enkawlna dang, Chemotherapy ang chi hi a ngai a ni. |
| Triple-positive a ni | Chumi awmzia chu heng pathumte hi positive vek an ni tihna a ni: `(Estrogen), `(Progesterone), leh `HER2.` Heng mite hi hormonal therapy leh HER2-targeted therapy pahnih pek theih an ni. |
| Triple-negative a ni | Chumi awmzia chu thil pathumte hi negative an ni vek tihna a ni. Chûngte chu an ṭhang chak hle fo. Hemi atan hian hormonal emaw HER2-targeted therapies emaw hian hna a thawh loh avangin surgery, chemotherapy, leh radiation ang chi thil te hi hman a ni ber. |
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- IHC test hi hnute cancer enkawlna atana hman tur test pawimawh tak a ni. A hming hian hlauthawng suh.
- Hei hian i cancer chu hormone-dependent (ER/PR positive) leh HER2 protein-dependent (HER2 positive) a nih leh nih loh a hril ber a ni.
- He test result a\ang hian i doctor chuan i tana enkawlna \ha ber a thlang thei ang a, side effects tlem ber a nei ang.
- I test report i dawn hunah i doctor hnenah a chhunga thumal leh number zawng zawng chu chiang taka i hriatthiam theih nan hrilhfiah turin hrilh rawh. Zawhna zawh hreh ngai suh.
- Results i chiang lo a nih chuan i doctor nen second opinion lak emaw, test nawn leh emaw chungchang sawipui rawh. I hriselna chungchanga thutlukna siamnaah hian active takin i tel a pawimawh hle.
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