I mit a lo hring deuh tawh em? Cataract chungchang hi han sawi ila!

Khawvel hi tukverh bawlhhlawh atanga thlir ang maiin i inhriat fo thin em? A nih loh leh zan lama i lirthei khalh hian headlight atanga i mit a sen vek ang maiin i hria em? Chanchinbu chhiar tur chuan êng tlem tal i mamawh mai thei. Hengte hi random thil mai a ni lo va, i mit ah cataract i nei tih pawh i hre lo mai thei. Lungngai suh, vawiin hian he thu hi chipchiar takin kan sawi dawn a ni.

A awlsam zawngin, mitdel hi eng nge ni?

A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, cataract chu film te tak te, a nih loh leh cloudiness, i mit chhunga lens- a lo awm a ni. I lens hi a tlangpuiin a chiang hle a, a flexible hle bawk. A tam zawk chu proteins atanga siam a ni a, a bik takin proteins crystallins an tih atanga siam a ni. Kan tar chhoh zel chuan heng protein te hi an chhe vek a, lens-ah hian cloudy, white spot kan tih ang chi hi an siam thin. Chu chu i mit hmuhna direct-a nghawngtu chu a ni.

Hun a kal zel a, he dinhmun hi a na zual thei a, i mit a chhe zual thei bawk. Hei hian nitin hna bulpui ber pawh tih harsa a ti thei a ni. Doctor-te chuan kum upat chhoh zel chuan mitdel hi pumpelh theih loh tluk a ni an ti. Chuvang chuan kum upat avanga mitdel hi he natna hi a tam ber a ni.

Mahse, lungngai suh! I vision chu zawi zawiin a bo hun nghah a ngai lo. Mit lam doctor-te chuan heng mitdelte hi paih chhuakin i mit hmuhna a siam ṭha leh thei a, operation an ti thei bawk.

Cataract chi hrang hrang a awm em?

Ni e, mitdel hi chi hrang hrang a awm. Mahse he thuziak ah hian kum upat ruala lo awm thin mitdel (cataract) chungchang kan sawi ber dawn a ni. A chi dangte pawh tawi te tein han thlir leh ila:

• Pediatric cataracts: Hengte hi nausen naupang leh naupangte zingah a awm thin. Naute thenkhat chu he natna hi pianpuiin an piang thei a , a nih loh leh an pian hnu lawkah an lo piang thei bawk. A tam zawkah chuan hengte hi rochun atanga lo chhuak a ni. Mahse mit hliam emaw, mit natna dang emaw avanga lo awm thei an ni bawk. Hetiang dinhmun hi nausen naupang leh naupangte zingah a awm chuan enkawl vat tur a ni. Chutiang a nih loh chuan amblyopia , emaw ‘mit lazy’ ang chi harsatna a awm thei a ni.
• Traumatic cataracts: Hengte hi i mit thilin a rawn deng hian a lo awm thin. Hengte enkawl hi a buaithlak deuh a, a chhan chu mit hmun dang pawh a chhe thei a ni.
• Secondary cataracts: Hengte hi lens-a clouding a ni a, lens ngei pawh ni lovin, lens capsule , lens khuh tu membrane a ni. Hei hi a hming dang chu posterior capsular opacification tih a ni. Hei hi mitdel surgery hnua lo awm thei a ni a, mahse awlsam taka enkawl theih a ni.

Kum upa lam hian eng harsatna chi hrang hrang nge lo awm?

Kum upat ruala mittui tlakna chi hrang hrang a awm a. Lens chhunga khawi hmunah nge an siam tih a zirin hming an vuah a ni. Hei hi hriatthiam theih nan i lens Aufbau chungchang tlem tal i hriat chuan a \angkai hle.

I contact lens chu apple ang maiin han ngaihtuah teh:

• Nucleus: Hei hi lens lai takah a awm a, apple chhungril ang mai a ni.
• Cortex: Hei hi core vel a layer awm chu a ni. Kan ei thin apple pith ang mai a ni.
• Lens capsule: Hei hi mit (cornea) khuh tu membrane te tak te a ni. A takah chuan lens chhung ngeiah a tel lo a, mahse mit vel vun vengtu angin hna a thawk a, lens chu a khuh a, a venghim bawk. Apple vun nen a inang a ni.

Mit doctor-te chuan mitdel hi lens chhunga khawiah nge an siam tih a zirin an thliar hrang thin. Vawi tam tak chu miten a rualin chi khat aia tam an nei thei. Hei hi a chhan chu heng chhum rimtui tak takte hi lens-a hmun engemaw zatah a lo awm fo thin vang a ni. Kan kum upat deuh deuha mitdel chi thum awm tam ber chu:

• Nuclear sclerotic cataract: Hei hi lens lairil (nucleus)-ah a lo awm a.
• Cortical cataract: Hei hi cortex-ah a lo thang lian a.
• Posterior subcapsular cataract: Hei hi lens hnung lamah a lo awm thin . Hetah hian "Posterior" tih hian lens " hnunglam" tihna a ni. Chu chu i retina hnaih ber (lens hnung lama awm) tihna a ni. "Subcapsular" tih hian he mitdel hi lens pawn lam ber, lens capsule hnuai lam chiahah a lo awm tihna a ni.

Kum engzat nge cataract hi a lo lang tan?

A tlangpuiin i mit lens-a protein awmte chu kum 40 vel atang hian a chhe tan a, mahse kum 60 i tlin hma emaw, a hnu lamah emaw pawh symptoms i hmu lo mai thei. Mahse, natna thenkhat, diabetes mellitus , i neih chuan a hma pawhin i hmu thei a ni.

Hetiang dinhmun hi engtiang chiahin nge a awm?

Sri Lanka leh khawvel hmun hrang hrangah mitdel hi a hluar hle. World Health Organization chhinchhiah danin khawvel mihring 17% velin mitdelna (cataract) an nei a, chu chuan an mit a tichhe thei a ni. Mahse, he zat hi ram hrang hrangah leh bial hrang hrangah a inang lo. Hei hi middle-income leh low-income ramteah chuan a dik hle. Hei hi a chhan chu chu mite chuan risk factor an neih tam zawk vang leh mitdel enkawlna tur facility an neih tlem vang a ni.

United States-ah chuan kum 65 leh 74 inkar mi 5 zinga 1 hian mitdelna (cataract) a nei a, chu chuan an mit a tichhe thei a ni. Kum 80 chunglam zinga 50% aia tam chuan mitdel an nei emaw, an lakchhuah nan operation an nei tawh emaw a ni.

Mit (cataract) natna lan chhuah dan chu engte nge ni?

Cataract i neih chuan hetiang hian symptoms i nei thei a:

• Vision chu chhum, blurred, emaw foggy anga lang .
• Color lo lang dan inthlak danglam (color chu faded emaw, brightness tlahniam emaw angin a lang thei).
• EngMit chu ni êng, car light leh lamp êng laka sensitive tak a nih.
• Light en hian mit a sen vek a, light vel a halo hmuh a, streak hmuh a ni bawk.
• Zanah hmuh theihna a tlahniam .
• I mittui tlak dan tur a inthlak danglam a, a bik takin hla taka hmuh theihna a tlahniam a, hnai taka hmuh theihna a pung bawk .
• Chhiar tur chuan light tam zawk mamawh .
• Double vision hmuh theihna .

Cataract hian natna a thlen em?

Cataract hi a na lo tlangpui a, mahse i mit a sensitive deuh deuh chuan harsatna engemaw zat i nei thei.

Engvangin nge mitdel hi a lo awm?

Cataract awm chhan ber chu mit lens-a protein awmte a chhe zauh zauh vang a ni. Mahse, genetic leh environmental factor thenkhat chuan mi dangte aiin kum naupang zawk emaw, kum hnuhnung zawk emawa mitdelna i neih theihna a tipung thei a ni.

Cataract vei theihna tur risk factors te chu engte nge ni?

Cataract vei theihna tur risk factors hi chi thum ah then theih a ni a, chungte chu environmental, medical, leh genetic te an ni.

Environment lama harsatna awm thei te

Hengte hi i chhehvel boruak a i tawn thinte chu a ni. A châng chuan hengte hi i thawk chhuah leh i ei chhuah toxin a ni thei bawk. Environment factors hian a tichhe thei a, a chhan chu i taksaa free radicals awm zat a tipung a, chu chu unstable particles a ni a, cell hrisel tak tak a tichhia a ni. Heng free radicals te hian i mit lens chhunga cell te chu a tichhe thei a, mitdelna a thlen thei a ni.

Environment risk factors te chu:

• Thli bawlhhlawh lutuk.
• Zuk leh hmuam meikhu .
• Zu.
• Factory atanga chemical chhuak te.
• Insecticide tih a ni.
• Ni atanga ultraviolet rays (UV light) laka rei tak awm.
• I taksa chunglam atanga radiation therapy i neih tawh chuan.

Heng environment exposure tihtlem hian mitdelna (cataract) lo awm tur chu a tikhawtlai thei a ni. Zirchiangtute chuan heng invenna hmanrua te hi engtiang chiahin nge a hlawk tih an la zirchiang mek a ni.

Damdawi lam thila hlauhawmna awm thei

Cataract vei theihna tipungtu damdawi lam thilte chu:

• Diabetes Mellitus emaw thisen sugar level sang emaw.
• Mit surgery thenkhat, glaucoma ang chi te tih tawh.
• Corticosteroids hi natna thenkhat (e.g. rheumatoid arthritis) enkawlna atan hman a ni.
• Mit natna thenkhat, Retina pigmentosa emaw Uveitis emaw neih te.

Genetic risk factors te pawh a awm thei

I chhungkuaa mi pakhatin mitdel a neih chuan i vei theihna a sang zawk. Genetic mutations thenkhat hian congenital cataract a thlen thei a ni. Kum upat avanga mitdel tan chuan genetic mutations hian i lens chu environment risk factors laka a hlauhawm zawk thei a ni. Researcher-te chuan heng inzawmnate hi an chhui chhunzawm zel a ni.

Chuvangin, i genetic risk chu i thlak thei lo nain, i chhungkaw medical history hriat a, i doctor hnena i share a pawimawh hle.

Engtin nge mittui tlakna (cataract) i nei tih i hriat theih ang?

Mit lam doctor leh mit lam doctor te chuan mit endikna kimchang tak hmangin mitdel an hmuchhuak thin. I doctor chuan i mit chu uluk takin a enfiah ang a, mitdelna chhinchhiahna a awm em tih leh a nasat dan a enfiah ang. Tin, i mit hmuh dan te, i damdawi lam chanchin te, i mit hmuh dan te, a hma angin a tha lo em tih te an zawt bawk ang a, chu chuan nitin hnathawh a ti harsa hle ang.

Mitdel hriat theihna atana special test hmante chu:

• Slit lamp exam a ni.
• Visual acuity test a ni.

Mitdel enkawlna tha ber chu eng nge ni?

Cataract surgery hmang hian mitdelna chu paih chhuah theih a ni a, i mit hmuhna chiang tak chu a lo awm leh thei a ni. Cataract surgery neih lai hian mit specialist chuan i cloudy natural lens chu a la chhuak a, artificial lens (intraocular lens - IOL) hmangin a thlak a ni. IOL chu artificial lens a ni a, i mit chhungah a awm reng a ni. IOL chi hrang hrang a awm a, i doctor pawhin a sawipui thei che a ni.

IOL thatna ber chu i natural lens ang maia chiang a ni. A thatna dang chu refractive errors , glass vuah chhan dang a ni. Chumi awmzia chu operation hnuah glasses emaw contact lens emaw hman a ngai lo thei tihna a ni.

Cataract surgery hi a hlauhawm em?

Cataract surgery hi khawvela surgery tih zingah chuan a him ber leh hman tlanglawn ber pawl a ni. Mi tam zawk chuan harsatna lian tham an tawk lo. Mahse, hlauhawm awm thei zawng zawng, retinal detachment leh infection te hi hriat a pawimawh hle.

Mit natna thenkhat emaw, a hnuaia damdawi lam thil dang emaw chuan harsatna i neih theihna a tipung thei a ni. Chuvangin, operation hmain i doctor nen i individual risk level chungchang i sawipui tur a ni. Tin, harsatna awm thei apiang chu engtin nge enkawl ang tih zawt bawk ang che.

Operation hnuah a dam leh theih nan eng chen nge a duh?

Operation hnuah pawh natna leh hrehawmna engemaw zat i nei thei. I doctor chuan ni khat emaw ni hnih emaw chhunga ei tur painkiller a pe ang che.

A dam kim theih nan kar li atanga kar riat vel a ngai a, mahse i mit hmuh danah hmasawnna i hmu tan thuai ang. I doctor chuan i thil tih dan pangngai thawh leh chu engtikah nge a him tih a hrilh ang che.

Cataract i neih chuan eng nge beisei tur?

Mit lam doctor emaw mit doctor emaw chuan i dinhmun hi a hrilh thei ber che a ni. I mit an enfiah ang a, cataract i neih apiang a nasat dan an zirchiang ang.

A tir lamah chuan operation i mamawh lo mai thei. I mit hmuhna lama inthlâk danglamna chu a tê tê pawh a ni thei. Mahse hun kal zelah mittui tlakna (cataract) a lo lian chhoh zel chuan chhinchhiahna langsar zawk a thlen thei a ni. I natna lan chhuah danin i nitin nun a tibuai tan a nih chuan, i doctor chuan him taka i thiltih pangngai chhunzawm zel theih nan operation neih a rawt thei che a ni.

Cataract hi ven theih a ni em?

Mit (cataract) hi tar chakna pangngai a ni. Mahse, i mit hriselna humhimna tur leh a tihkhawtlai deuh pawh ni thei tur thil tlemte a awm a:

• Meizial zu suh. Zuk leh hmuam meikhu hian mitdel (cataract) vei theihna a tipung a ni. Tunah hian meizuk i nih chuan i doctor hnenah zu in bânsan turin tanpuina dil rawh.
• Ni laka i mit venghim rawh. Sunglass emaw goggles anti-UV coating nei emaw ha la. Kawrfual hrual (brim) vuah hian a pui bawk.
• Mit enfiah fo thin ang che. I doctor hnenah engzat nge exam turin i luh tur tih zawt rawh. I exam hun tur chu lo thlir lo la, symptom thar emaw, danglam zel emaw i neih chuan doctor hnenah hrilh bawk ang che.

Mitdel (cataract) vei chuan mahni in enkawl turin eng nge a tih theih ang?

Mit (cataract) i nei a nih chuan mahni in enkawl nan thil tam tak i tih theih a awm. Chung zinga ṭhenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni:

• Ni êng êng takah chuan glare tihziaawmna turin polarized sunglass vuah rawh.
• Lehkhabu chhiar pui turin magnifying glass hmang ang che.
• Chhiar laiin i hmu tha zawk theih nan i lamp-ah bulb eng zawk dah la.
• Zanah i lirthei khalh laiin light-in i mit a ti sen a nih chuan a pawi lo a, mahse harsatna a awm chuan zan lama lirthei khalh loh tum ang che .
• A schedule angin mit doctor hmu la, a tul chuan i glasses kha renew rawh .
• Damdawi lama harsatna awm thei, zunthlum ang chi chu uluk takin thunun rawh .

Engtikah nge Doctor ka hmuh ang?

Cataract symptoms i neih chuan, emaw, i mit hmuh danah danglamna i hmu a nih chuan doctor pan rawh. Mit hmuh lohna ang chi harsatna hi mit natna dang tam tak chhinchhiahna a ni thei a, mitmeng (cataract) pawh a tel. Chuvang chuan Doctor pan a, i natna lan chhuah chhan hriat chian a, enkawl dan dik tak i hmuh a pawimawh.

Engtikah nge Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ah i kal ang ?

Retinal atanga chhuak (retinal detachment) a awmSymptom i neih chuan emergency doctor pan nghal rawh. Hei hi harsatna awm lo mahse na tak a ni a, mitdel surgery hnua lo awm thei a ni. Mi 100 zinga 1 velin a nghawng a ni. Vaukhânna chhinchhiahnate chu:

• Vawikhatmah i mit hmaah floater leh light flashes hmuh tan.
• Mit meng emaw, khap emaw chunga êng hmuh .
• I mit hmuhna hmuna thlalak emaw, screen emaw inzar pharh ang maia hriatna.

I mit doctor hnenah eng zawhna nge i zawh tur?

I doctor zawh tur zawhna thenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni:

• Mitdelna chhinchhiahna ka nei em?
• Cataract hi engtiang chiahin nge a nasat?
• Eng chi nge an nih a, ka contact lens-ah khawiah nge an awm?
• Ka mit pahnih a nghawng dawn em ni?
• Engtikah nge operation ka mamawh ang tih i ngaihtuah?
• Surgery atanga ka tan eng risk nge awm?
• Eng chi IOL nge ka tan a tha ber?
• Surgery ka neih hma loh chuan ka hmeltha zawk theih nan eng nge ka tih theih ang?
• Eng nunphung tihdanglamna nge ka neih?

Taracts hi tar chakna pangngai ni mahse, he natna hmuhchhuah hi a nuam lo fo. Mit surgery ngaihtuah hian hlauthawng leh lungkhamna a siam thei che a, chu chu procedure zawhah i mit hmuh dan tur a ni.

Lungngai lutuk suh. Khawvela mitdel surgery hi a tlangpui leh tih dan pangngai zinga mi a ni tih hre reng ang che. Mi pakhat tal chu operation nei tawh i hre mai thei a, chu mi chungchâng sawipui tûr mi ṭha tak an ni thei bawk. Anmahni biak la, an thil tawnte zawt rawh. Mahse, nawrna emaw, operation nei tura hmanhmawh emaw angin inhria suh. I doctor nen inbia la, i tana tha ber hun tur chu rel rawh.

A tawp berah chuan thil hriat reng tur

Chuvangin, mitdel hi kum upat ruala lo thleng thin ni mahse, ngaihthah tur a ni lo. I mit hmuhna a tlahniam zauh zauh nia i hriat chuan hlauthawng suh la, mit doctor pan rawh . A hmaa hmuhchhuah a nih chuan a tul anga enkawlna i hmu thei a, i nun chu a pangngaiin i hmang thei a, mit fiah takin i hmang thei bawk. A hun taka mit enfiah leh mit enkawl a pawimawh hle . Khawvel hmuh theihna atana i thil neih hlu ber chu i mit hi a ni tih hre reng ang che!

` Mit (cataract), mit hmuhna hloh, mit chhunga lens, mit surgery, tar, mit hriselna