Stage IV Colon Cancer hi eng enkawlna nge ni?

Stage IV cancer vei nia hriat a nih avanga hlauhna leh mangang lo awm thin chu thu hmanga sawi a harsa hle. "Tunah chuan a tawp vek em?" Mahse ka hrilh ang che, a ni lo. Medical science hian hma a sawn nasa hle. Hetiang dinhmunah pawh hian dam rei zawk, i natna lan chhuah dan control thei leh hrisel taka awm theihna tur enkawlna tam tak a awm. Hemi chungchang hi awlsam takin, i hriatthiam theih dan tur angin sawi ila.

‘Stage IV’ chu eng nge ni?

A awlsam zawngin, Stage IV tih awmzia chu cancer hi colon , a bul tanna hmun pawnah a darh tawh tihna a ni. Hei hi a tam ber chu liver ah a ni . Lung, pum chhunga lining, taksa hmun danga lymph node-ah te pawh a darh thei bawk.

Hetiang dinhmunah hian damdawi kimchang hmuh a harsa thei hle. Mahse, cancer hi hmun tlemteah chauh a darh tawh a nih chuan, a chang chuan chu hmunte chu paih vek tur leh natna tihdam theih nan operation tih theih a ni. Chuvangin, he natna chi hrang hrang enkawlna lama mithiam doctor pan a tha ber. I enkawlna tur chu thil tam takah a innghat ang a, chutah chuan cancer a darhna hmun, i kum leh i hriselna zawng zawng pawh a tel ang.

Enkawlna hmanraw pawimawh tak tak engemaw zat a awm a:

• Inzai
• Chemotherapy hmanga enkawl a ni
• Radiation hmanga enkawlna a ni
• Ablation leh cryotherapy te hman a ni
• Targeted therapies te pawh a awm
• Immunotherapy hmanga enkawl a ni

Vawi tam tak chu, heng enkawlna pakhat aia tam, emaw, engemaw zat inzawmkhawm emaw pek i ni thin.

Surgery hmang hian eng nge tih thin?

Cancer hi i thin emaw i lung emaw-ah a darh tawh a nih chuan a chang chuan operation pawh tih theih a ni. Ka sawi tawh ang khan cancer hi a tlem a nih chuan surgery hmangin a la chhuak thei a, full recovery i hmu thei bawk . Thil dang dangah chuan surgery hi cancer vanga symptoms, natna leh bowel obstruction te tihziaawmna atan pawh a tangkai thei hle.

Surgery an tih lai hian doctor chuan colon, liver, emaw lung emaw cancer awmna hmun chu a la chhuak thin. Chutih rual chuan a chhehvela lymph node te chu a chhuak vek bawk. Hei hi a chhan chu cancer cell te hi heng lymph node kaltlangin taksa peng dangah awlsam takin an darh thei a ni.

Colon cancer awmna chu a lakchhuah hnuah doctor chuan colon la awm tawp pahnih chu a thlunzawm leh ang. Tichuan normal takin bowel movement i nei thei tawh ang. Mahse, a châng chuan he inzawmna hi a awm theih loh chuan colostomy tih a ngai mai thei . Hei hian colon tawp pakhat chu pum vunah khur siam nen thlunzawm a huam a ni. Chu khur atang chuan stool chu a rawn chhuak a. Stool chu pouch-ah an khawl khawm a, chu chu a inzawm tlat a ni.

A chang chuan colon hmun zau tak hi lakchhuah a nih chuan a tawp lam chu pum vun nen a inzawm a ni. Hei hi ileostomy an ti a . Mahse, operation hnuah natna engemaw zat a awm thei. Diarrhea emaw constipation emaw i nei thei bawk. Heng side effects te hi rei vak lo hnuah a reh mai ang.

Cancer in intestine a block chuan a inhawng reng theih nan tube te tak te, stent an tih chu dah theih a ni.

Chemotherapy tih hi eng nge ni?

Chemotherapy, a nih loh leh ‘chemo’ kan tih angin damdawi chi khat chak tak a ni a, cancer cell tihhlumna atana pek a ni. He damdawi hi thisenah emaw, pill angin emaw pek theih a ni.

Chemotherapy hi kawng hrang hrangin pek a ni a:

• Surgery hma hian cancer natna hrik te hi tihhniam a, awlsam zawka lakchhuah theih a ni.
• Surgery hnuah taksaa cancer cell awm thei zawng zawng chu tihchhiat vek tur a ni.
• Surgery nei thei lote enkawlna ber atan.

Stage 4 colon cancer tan hian chemo damdawi chi hrang hrang pek a ni. A chang chuan heng damdawi zinga pakhat aia tam hi a rualin pek a ni. Tin, chemo hi ‘targeted therapy’ nen inkawp-in pek a ni a, chu chu a hnuah kan sawi leh ang.

Chemo chungchang an hriat hian mi tam takin an hlauh ber pakhat chu an sam hloh hi a ni. Engpawhnise,Colon cancer tan chemotherapy hian sam a ti tla lo tlangpui. Heng side effects te hi hlauthawng suh. I doctor chuan a enkawl thei che a, a nuam zawkin a siam thei bawk. Heng side effects te hi i enkawlna a zawh veleh a bo zauh zauh ang.

Cancer hi liver-ah a darh tawh a nih chuan chemotherapy hi hmanraw bik "hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy" tih hmangin pek theih a ni bawk. Hei hian chemotherapy chu pump hmanga liver-a thisen pe chhuaktu thisen kalna bulpuiah direct-a inject a ni. Damdawi hi taksa pum puia kal ai chuan liver-ah direct-a kal a nih avangin he method hian side effects a tihziaawm thei a, damdawi dose sang zawk a pe thei bawk.

Radiation therapy leh hmanraw dangte

Radiation hmanga enkawlna a ni

Hei hian cancer cell tihchhiat nan high-energy X-ray hman a huam a ni. He enkawlna hian stage 4 cancer chu a tidam kim thei lo nain, tumor chu a ti tlem thei a, natna ang chi symptoms te pawh a tihziaawm thei bawk He enkawlna hi kar khatah ni 5 chhung kar engemaw zat pek thin a ni tlangpui.

Ablation leh Cryotherapy te a ni

Heng kawng pahnih hi cancer cell liver-a darh tawhte tihchhiat nan hman a ni ber. Ablation hian heat a hmang a , cryotherapy erawh chuan extreme cold a hmang thung . CT emaw ultrasound scan hmangin doctor chuan needle ang chi thil te tak te chu tumor-ah hian a thawn a, a ti lum emaw, a vawt emaw a, cancer cells te chu a tichhia a ni.

Targeted Therapy leh Immunotherapy - Enkawlna tha ber berte

Hengte hi cancer enkawlna kawng thar leh hlawhtling ber pahnih an ni.

Targeted Therapies te pawh a awm bawk

A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, heng damdawi te hian cancer cell te chu a bik takin an target a ni. Cancer cell-te thanlen leh darh zel tur thilte an block thin. Hei hian cell hrisel tak takte chu a tichhe tlem hle.

• Anti-angiogenesis damdawi: Hengte hian cancer chawmtu thisen kalna kawng thar lo thang lian zel tur titawpin hna an thawk a ni. Cancer ei tur tihtawp ang mai a ni. Bevacizumab (Avastin) leh Ramucirumab (Cyramza) te hi chutiang damdawi chu an ni.
• EGFR inhibitors: Damdawi Cetuximab (Erbitux) leh Panitumumab (Vectibix) te hian cancer cell te tihpunna tura puitu protein EGFR an tih chu a block a. Mahse, heng damdawi te hian hna an thawh theih nan chuan cancer hian gene thenkhat (KRAS, NRAS, BRAF) ah mutations a neih a ngai a ni. I doctor chuan heng damdawi te hi i tan a tha em tih a test ang.
• Damdawi dang: Tunlai damdawi Encorafenib (Braftovi) leh Entectinib (Rozlytrek) te pawh tunlai hian a awm tawh a, BRAF, NTRK, leh RET te ang chi genetic mutations bik nei cancer te chu a target a ni.

Immunotherapy hmanga enkawl a ni

Hei hi enkawlna mak tak a ni. Heta i tih tur chu nangmah ngeiin i taksa immune system i tichak a, cancer cells do nan i hmang thin.

Kan immune system hian PD-1 an tih protein a nei a, chu chu brake ang maiin a thawk a ni. Cancer cell te hian heng brake te hi immune system atanga tlanchhuah nan an hmang thin. Immune checkpoint inhibitor damdawi Nivolumab (Opdivo) leh Pembrolizumab (Keytruda) te hian heng brake te hi off in hna an thawk thin. Hei hian immune system chuan cancer chu a hre thei a, a bei thei bawk.

I enkawl dan tur ruahmanna

Enkawlna i dawn chi chu thil tam takah a innghat a ni. I doctor chuan i tan bik enkawlna ruahmanna a siam ang a, chutah chuan cancer a darhna hmun, i kum, i hriselna zawng zawng, leh cancer genetic characteristics te chu a ngaihtuah ang.

Khawvel hmun hrang hranga damdawi thar leh enkawlna thar enchhinna clinical trial -ah pawh tel theihna hun i nei thei bawk. Hei hi enkawlna thar enchhinna hun tha tak a ni. Chumi chungchang pawh i doctor nen inbia ang che.