Zunthlum hian i mit a nghawng em? (Diabetes-Related Retinopathy) A chungchang hi i zir chiang ang u.

Zunthlum i nei em? A nih loh leh i hriat mi pakhatin zunthlum a vei em? Tichuan ka sawi tur hi i tan a pawimawh hle a ni. Zunthlum hi kan taksaa thisen thlum (blood sugar level) a san chhoh zelna natna a ni. Hei hian beisei loh takin kan mit a tichhe thei a ni. Chu chhiatna chu `(Diabetes-Related Retinopathy)` emaw, zunthlum kaihhnawih mit natna emaw an ti a. Vawiin hian he thu hi chipchiar takin sawi ila, a tha em?

Diabetes-Retinopathy hi eng nge ni?

A awlsam zawngin `(Diabetes-Related Retinopathy)` tih awmzia chu zunthlum hian i mit chhunga retina-a thisen kalna kawngte a tichak lo va, a tichhia tihna a ni. Camera ang maiin han ngaihtuah teh. He camera-a film ang hian retina hian hna a thawk a ni. Hetah hian êng a tlak chuan lemte chu hriat theih a ni. Chuvangin, heng retina-a thisen pe chhuaktu thisen kalna kawng te te hi zunthlum avanga a chhiat chuan retina pawh hian hna a thawk tha tawh lo. Hei hian mit a tlahniam thei a, mit a ti fiah lo thei a, a tâwpah chuan mitdelna pawh a thlen thei a ni .

Zunthlum vei zawng zawng hian he natna hi an nei vek dawn lo. Tin, a bul tanna tihkhawtlai theihna tur thil kan tih theih a awm bawk a, a lo awm a nih chuan a nghawng tihziaawmna tur pawh a awm bawk. Chuvangin hlau suh, okay? Chumi chungchang pawh sawi ila.

He natna hi stage hnih a awm a.

`(Diabetes-Related Retinopathy)` hi vawi khatah a na zual lo. Stage lian pahnih a nei a.

1. A bul tanna: Nonproliferative diabetes-related retinopathy (NPDR) .

Hei hi natna intan tirh lam a ni. Hetih lai hian retina chhunga thisen kalna kawng hrang hrangah thisen a chhuak tan thin. Tui pipe chhe ang maiin han ngaihtuah teh. He chhiatna hian thisen kalna kawng thenkhat chu a tikhawlo thei a ni. Hei hi taksain a chhiatna siamthat a tum laiin a thleng thin. Hetiang dinhmunah hian symptom lian tham i nei lo mai thei.

2. A natna khirh tak: Proliferative diabetes-related retinopathy (PDR) .

NPDR hi thisen kalna kawng chhia chu a nasat zual chuan PDR an tih stage-ah a kal chho zel a ni. Hei hi thisen kalna kawng thar, mahse chak lo zawk, a chhe tawhte aiah a lo awm tan hun a ni. Heng vessel thar te hi retina-a thisen kal tam tumna atana siam a ni. Mahse, heng vessel tharte hi a chak lo hle a, awlsam takin a puak thei a, thisen a chhuak thei bawk. He thisen hi mit chhunga jelly ang chi thil vitreous an tih ah hian a khawlkhawm thei a ni. Heng vessel thar te hi retina chung lamah an lo awm avangin hun kal zelah jelly chu heng vessels ah hian a innghat thei a, retina pawh a inthen thei bawk (retinal detachments) . Chutiang a nih chuan mitdel theihna chance a sang hle.

He natna lan chhuah dan engte nge ni?

Diabetes-Related Retinopathy natna hmasa berah chuan a lan chhuahna engmah i hmu lo mai thei. Chu chu a hlauhawm ber chu a ni. I mit hmuhnaah hian chhiatna a zau zawk hma chuan inthlak danglamna i hmu lo mai thei. Mahse, symptoms a lo lan tan chuan hengte hi a ni thei:

• Blurred or distorted vision: Fog chhunga i en ang maiin a lang a, a nih loh leh thil a inzawm khawm ang maiin a lang.
• Color hriat dan inthlak danglamna: Tûn hmaa chiang taka hmuh theih rawngte chu tûnah chuan a bo tawh emaw, a hring lo emaw angin a lang thei a ni. Color blindness thar pawh i nei thei bawk.
• Zan lama mitdel (nyctalopia): Zanah mit hmuhna a tlahniam nasa hle.
• Eye floater (myodesopsias): Mit hmaah hian dot dum te te emaw, thread emaw a lo inphah ang maiin a lang .
• Mitdel (scotomas): I thil hmuh thenkhat chu hmuh theih loh a ni.
• Visual field defects: A chhehvela mit hmuh zat a tlahniam.
• Mit chak lohna leh a tawpah mit hmuhna hloh.

Heng symptoms te hi i neih chuan mit lam doctor i pan nghal tur a ni .

Engvangin nge hetiang dinhmun hi a lo awm?

A chhan ber chu zunthlum a ni . Hetiang dinhmun hi zunthlum chi hrang hrang avanga lo awm thei a ni.

• Type 1 diabetes `(Type 1 diabetes)` a ni
• Type 2 diabetes `(Type 2 diabetes)` a ni
• Type 3c zunthlum `(Type 3c zunthlum)`
• Naupai laia zunthlum vei

Diabetes hi i thisen sugar level rei tak a san atanga intan a ni . He sugar hi a lo pun zel chuan i taksa pum puia thisen kalna kawng chhung lam a tichhia a ni. I mit chhunga thisen kalna kawng nalh tak takte pawh a nghawng bawk.

Thisen kalna kawng chhia te hian insiamthat an tum a, thisen kal zel dan tur kawng dang an zawng thin. Chuvang chuan, a hmaa ka sawi tawh thisen kalna kawng chak lo leh tharte chu retina chung lamah a lo piang ta a ni. Chungte chu awlsam takin a puak darh thei a, mit chhunga jelly ang chi thil (vitreous) ah thisen a chhuak thei a ni. Tin, thisen kalna kawng chhia atang hian tui a luang chhuak thei a, retina lairil lam, chiang taka kan hmuhna leh rawng kan thliar hrangna hmun (macula) chu a hring chhuak thei bawk. Hei hi macular edema an ti a . Tichuan, mit hmuh chu a fiah lo ta hle mai.

Risk factors te chu engte nge ni?

`(Diabetes-Related Retinopathy)` lo awm theihna tur tichhe thei risk factor dang engemaw zat a awm bawk.

• Zunthlum control harsa: Thisen sugar level a san reng chuan a hlauhawmna a sang zawk.
• Thisen sang (hypertension) 1.1.
• Thisenah cholesterol level sang (hyperlipidemia) .
• Lung lam natna, thinlung natna leh coronary artery disease te
• Kal natna rei tak leh kal tha lo

Heng dinhmunte hi a awm chuan zunthlum nen a inzawm chuan mit tihchhiat theihna a sang zual hle.

He natna avanga harsatna awm thei te

Diabetes-Related Retinopathy hi uluk taka control a nih loh chuan harsatna dang a awm thei bawk.

• Diabetes kaihhnawih macular edema (zunthlum avanga mit (retina lairil) a hring) .
• Retinal detachment a awm thin
• Mit jelly ang maia thisen chhuak (vitreous hemorrhage) .
• Glaucoma (mit chakna sang) .
• Retina hmuna thisen supply tlahniam, rawng leh mit hmuhna fiah (macular ischemia) .

A tawpah chuan heng harsatnate hian mit chhunga êng hmuchhuaktu cell, photoreceptor an tihte chu a thawk tha tawh lo thei a ni. Hei hian mitdelna leh mitdelna a thlen thei a ni.

He natna hi engtin nge an hriat chhuah?

Ka sawi tawh ang khan `(Diabetes-Related Retinopathy)` avanga mit inthlak danglamna tam tak hian a tir lamah symptom a lantir lo. Mahse, mit lam doctor chuan heng inthlak danglamna te hi a hre hmasa thei hle. Hei hi hmanraw bik hmanga mit tihzauh nan leh damdawi hmanga tih a ni. Hei hi `(dilated eye exam)` an ti bawk.

He exam chhung hian doctor chuan hetiang hi a hmu thei a:

• Mit chhungah cotton wool a awm
• Retina atanga thisen chhuak
• Thisen kalna kawng te tak te, a hring leh puak (microaneurysms) .
• Mit neovascularization (mit chhunga thisen kalna kawng thar lo awm) .
• Retina lairil lam a hring (macular edema) .
• Retina-a thau awm (retinal exudates) .
• Retina-a thisen kalna kawng pangngai lo ang maia lang
• Mit chhunga jelly ang chi thila thisen chhuak (vitreous hemorrhage) .

Chuvang chuan zunthlum i vei a nih chuan symptoms nei lo mah la, kum khatah vawi khat tal mit lam doctor hnenah i mit enfiah tir a pawimawh hle.

Engtin nge `(Diabetes-Related Retinopathy)` hi enkawl a nih?

Hei hi a pawimawh ber a ni. `(Diabetes-Related Retinopathy)` hi enkawl theih a ni a, mahse a dam kim thei lo . Retina-a symptom leh inthlak danglamna thenkhat chu enkawl theih a ni. Mahse, vawi khat chhiatna a na lutuk chuan thil thenkhat chu tihdanglam theih a ni lo.

Enkawl dan tlangpui pahnih a awm a, chungte chu: i zunthlum control leh i mit enkawl.

1. I zunthlum enkawl dan

Research-in chiang takin a tarlang a, i thisen sugar level leh hemoglobin A1C a san chuan Diabetes-Related Retinopathy i vei theihna a sang zawk a ni . Chuvangin, i thisen sugar level control – a hniam leh nghet taka vawn tihna a ni – he natna lo awm tan hun sawn hlat tur leh a nasat dan tihziaawmna tur hian a pawimawh hle.

Zunthlum control tur chuan hengte hi i tih a ngai a ni:

• I thisen sugar level enfiah fo thin:Hei hi finger-stick testing emaw, glucose monitoring chhunzawm zel emaw hmanga tih theih a ni.
• I ei tur ngaihtuah rawh: I ei hian direct-in i thisen sugar level leh A1C value a nghawng a ni.
• I damdawi pek dik tak ei: I zunthlum damdawi chu i doctor-in a tih ang chiah khan ei rawh. Hei hian i thisen sugar level chu recommended range chhunga awm reng turin kawng thui tak a zawh dawn a ni.
• Check-up neih fo tur: Hei hi i hriselna tlangpui hriat a pawimawh hle. Symptoms a lan hma pawhin inthlak danglamna i hre thei.
• A rawtna angin mit enfiah fo: Hei hi zunthlum emaw prediabetes emaw i neih chuan a pawimawh hle. Thil chhia chu a awm reng hmain enkawl tan theih a ni.
• I duh ang taksa rihna hrisel neih reng: Hei hian zunthlum control nan a pui bawk. Hemi chungchangah hian i chhungkaw doctor chuan a kaihruai ang che.

2. Mit enkawl dan

Mit enkawlna tum ber chu mit hmuhna leh mit natna lanchhuahna control a, retina chhiatna tihtlem emaw tihtlem emaw a ni. Diabetes-Related Retinopathy enkawlna bik thenkhat chu:

• Damdawi: Entirnan, anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) damdawi emaw corticosteroid emaw hman a ni. Chungte chu mit chhungah an inject thin. I mit doctor chuan damdawi dang a hrilhfiah ang che.
• Laser surgery: Laser photocoagulation ang chi procedure-ah chuan mit lama mithiam chuan laser hmangin i retina a enkawl thin. Hei hian thisen kalna kawng thar, pangngai lote lo thang lian chu a titawp thei a, a ti tlem thei a, thisen chhuak tur pawh a titawp thei bawk. Mahse, hei hian a chang chuan zan lama mit hmuhna hloh emaw, peripheral vision emaw a thlen thei.
• Mit surgery: I retina a lo inthen (retinal detachment), mit chhungah thisen a awm khawm (vitreous hemorrhage) a, a chhuak lo a nih chuan, emaw, retina-a chhiatna nasa tak dang a awm chuan, i doctor chuan vitrectomy tih surgery neih a rawt thei ang.

Engtikah nge ka doctor ka hmuh ang?

Zunthlum i vei a nih chuan, emaw, Diabetes-Related Retinopathy i vei tih hmuhchhuah i nih chuan mit lam doctor pan fo a pawimawh hle. Checkup tur i luh tam dan tur a hrilh ang che. He schedule zawm hian inthlâk danglamna lian tham tak takte chu a nasat hmain a hriat theih nân a ṭanpui thei che a ni.

Tin, a hnuaia mitdel zawi zawia inthlak danglamna i hmuh chuan doctor pan nghal rawh :

• Mit hmuh a tlahniam emaw, a hma ang bawka hmuh that loh emaw.
• Mit hmuhna (blurred or distorted vision) a awm.
• I thil en lai thenkhat chu a thim emaw, a bo emaw, a hmaa a lan dan a danglam emaw a nih chuan.

Amaherawhchu, hetianga mit lama inthlak danglamna rapthlak tak i neih chuan damdawi in hnai ber emaw, emergency room emaw-ah i kal nghal tur a ni:

• Mit na tak.
• Mit hmuhna hloh vek emaw, mit hmuhna hloh nasa tak emaw.

`(Diabetes-Related Retinopathy)` vei chuan eng ang hmalam hun nge a beisei theih ang?

Diabetes-Related Retinopathy hi a awm reng a, dam chhung zawnga natna a ni. Damdawi a awm lo. Mahse, control turin hma i la thei a, mit hmuhna hloh chu i tihtlem thei bawk.

Zunthlum vei te hian he natna hi an nei tam zawk a, mahse zunthlum vei zawng zawng hian an nei vek dawn lo. Mahse, i nunah nghawng lian tak a nei thei a, chuvangin a ven emaw tihkhawtlai emaw nan theihtawp chhuah a pawimawh.

Natna hi a hmaa i hriatchhuah a, a hun taka enkawl i hmuh chuan mitdelna i veng thei a, natna zual zel tur pawh a tikhawtlai thei bawk. Enkawl zawhah pawh i zunthlum i control tha a, i thisen sugar level chu i doctor-te rawtna level chhunga i dah chuan he natna hian a nghawng dan tihtlem theihna chance tha ber i nei a ni.

Vanduaithlak takin mi thenkhat chuan harsatna lian tak tak an nei thei a ni. Mahse, chutiang harsatnate chu a theih ang anga tihkhawtlai theihna leh zunthlum vanga mit inthlak danglamna enkawl dan tur a awm.

Diabetes-Related Retinopathy hi ven theih a ni em?

Ni e, i thisen sugar level control leh hemoglobin A1C level hniam vawn reng hian Diabetes-Related Retinopathy a veng thei a ni. Heng thilte hi i tih hian a chang chuan retinopathy hi a regress thei bawk.

Zunthlum vei zawng zawng hian hetiang hi an nei vek lo a, mahse thisen sugar level control loh nei leh hun rei tak chhung zunthlum vei te hian ``Diabetes-Related Retinopathy'' an vei tam zawk tih a chiang hle.

Diabetes i nei lo a nih pawhin, vei theihna chance sang tak i neih chuan (entir nan, prediabetes i neih chuan), zunthlum i vei tih hriat hmain hma i la thei ang. A hmaa hma lak hian zunthlum lo awm tur a veng thei a, a tikhawtlai thei bawk. Diabetes kaihhnawih retinopathy lo awm dan pawh a nghawng thei bawk.

Mit enfiah hian Diabetes-Related Retinopathy chhinchhiahna hmasa berte chu a lan chhuah hma rei takah a hriat theih nan a pui thei che a ni. I chhûngkuaa mi tu emaw, a bîk takin i nu leh pate, i unaute emaw, i fate emaw chuan zunthlum a vei a nih chuan nang pawhin zunthlum vei theihna i nei tam zâwk a ni. Chuvang chuan mit enfiah fo a pawimawh.

I zunthlum hi eng ang pawhin i control tha mahse, a chang chuan ``Diabetes-Related Retinopathy'' lo awm tur venna atan a tawk lo thei. Amaherawhchu, i zunthlum thunun te, mit enfiah fo te, mit enkawl dan te hi a la pawimawh hle. I mit hmuhna humhim turin an pui thei a ni.

Hemi chungchangah hian i zunthlum doctor chuan a kaihruai thei che a, mit lam doctor hnenah a refer thei bawk ang che. Enkawlna leh tanpuina mumal tak i neih chuan i mit hmuhna hlu tak humhim turin thil tam tak i tih theih a awm.

Hriat reng tur pawimawh ber berte (Take-Home Message) .

Okay, chuvangin kan sawi tawh atanga i hriat reng tur thenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni:

• Zunthlum i vei chuan i mit hi a bik takin enkawl la. Diabetes-Related Retinopathy hi natna khirh tak a ni thei.
• I thisen sugar leh hemoglobin A1C level chu control la. Hei hi a pawimawh ber a ni.
• Symptoms nei lo mah la, kum khatah vawi khat tal mit lam doctor hnenah i mit enfiah tir ngei tur a ni (dilated eye exam). Hriat hmasak chu enkawl a awlsam zawk.
• I mit hmuh dan (blurring, black spots, discoloration) i hmuh chuan doctor pan nghal rawh.
• Meizial i zu a nih chuan bansan rawh. Meizial zuk hian he dinhmun hi a tizual thei bawk.
• Thisen sang leh cholesterol ang chi thil control.

Nangmah chauh i ni lo tih hre reng ang che. Doctor leh chhungte tanpui thei tur che an awm a. I hlauthawng lo a, enkawl dan dik i la a, nun hrisel i hman chuan i mit i venghim thei a ni.

` Zunthlum, zunthlum vanga mit chhia, mit lam natna, mit hriselna, mit venna, zunthlum enkawl, mit endik