Doctor hmu tura i kal hian a chang chuan i hming pawh hriat loh damdawi an rawn pe thin a ni lawm ni? A bik takin rilru hriselna nena inzawm damdawi chungchang kan sawi hian tlem chuan kan hre duh thei a, kan hlau deuh pawh a ni mai thei. Vawiin hian chutiang damdawi chi khat, a buaithlak deuh, mahse pawimawh tak tak pakhat kan sawi dawn a ni. Chu chu Dopamine Antagonists an tih damdawi class chu a ni. A hming i hriat hian hlau suh, hei hi awlsam takin i hrethiam ang u.
Dopamine antagonists hi eng nge ni tak tak?
Hei hi kan hriatthiam hma chuan "Dopamine" tih hi eng nge a nih kan hriat a ngai a ni. A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, dopamine hi kan thluaka chemical messenger a ni. Damdawi lam hawi chuan hei hi neurotransmitter kan ti a. Kan thluaka cell hrang hrangte inkarah hian heng tirhkohte hmang hian thuchah inthleng a ni tih han ngaihtuah teh.
Kan thluaka cell te hian "receptors" an tih hmun an nei a. Chûngte chu keyhole-a in fit thei chabi ang an ni. He keyhole nena inmil tur chu dopamine an tih messenger hi a ni. He key (dopamine) hi a kal a, keyhole (receptor) nen a inzawm chuan, cell sawi tur chu "a on" ta a ni.
Tunah chuan en teh, dopamine antagonist an tih damdawi hian thil mak tak a ti a. He damdawi pawh hian chu key (receptor) ah chuan a kal a, a set thin. Mahse cell chu a activate lo. Chabi chhe tawh tak, chabi chhunga inkhung ang mai a ni. Chu chu, he damdawi hian key tak tak, chu chu dopamine chu a lo kal a, key nena inzawm lo turin a block tihna a ni.
A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, heng damdawi te hian thluaka dopamine hnathawh chu a mamawh level thlenga control-in hna a thawk a ni. He control hi a pawimawh hle a, a chhan chu rilru lam natna thenkhatah chuan dopamine level hi a tul lovah a pung a ni.
He damdawi hi eng dinhmunah nge hman a nih?
Dopamine antagonist damdawi hi chi hnih ah then theih a ni a:
1. Antipsychotic drugs: Hengte hi an hman tam ber a ni.
2. Antiemetic drugs: Damdawi thenkhat chu heng category pahnihah hian a tel ve ve a.
Rilru natna (Antipsychotics) tan chuan .
Heng damdawi te hi a hnuaia dinhmunte enkawlnaah hian a pawimawh hle a ni:
- Schizophrenia leh a kaihhnawih rilru natna dangte
- Bipolar disorder a ni
- Delusional disorder a ni
- Mania tih hi a ni
- Major depressive disorder psychotic symptoms nei leh nei lo
- Agitation nasa tak a awm
- Ruihhlo hman avanga rilru lam natna
Luak leh luak chhuak tan (Antimetics) .
Mi thenkhat tan chuan luak leh luak chhuak hi thil tenawm tak a nih laiin, thenkhatah chuan a hlauhawm thei hle. Entirnan, heng damdawi te hian cancer vei te chemotherapy an pek laiin an luak tam lutuk chu a control thei a ni. Tin, operation hnua anesthesia avanga natna leh luak chhuak tihtawp nan an hmang bawk.
| Ruihhlo chi hrang hrang | Entirna hman tlanglawn thenkhat |
|---|---|
| Thla hmasa ber (Typical) Antipsychotics | Haloperidol, Chlorpromazine, Fluphenazine te a awm bawk |
| Thla hnihna (Atypical) Antipsychotics | Olanzapine, Risperidone, Quetiapine, Aripiprazole, Clozapine te a ni |
| Antiemetic damdawi a ni | Metoclopramide, Prochlorperazine, Domperidone (Sri Lanka rama hman thin) te hi a tha hle. |
Pawimawh: Hengte hi entirnan tlemte chauh a ni. I doctor chauhvin i tana enkawlna tha ber a ruat thei ang.
Heng damdawi te hian eng hlawkna nge a neih?
Heng damdawite hian rilru lam natna vei tam tak chu nun pangngaia nunpui turin nasa takin a pui thei a ni. An tel lo chuan damlo thenkhat chu dam chhung zawng damdawi inah an awm thei a ni. Heng damdawite hian damlote chu harsatna lakah a veng thei a, khawtlang nunah tha taka an khawsa thei bawk.
Tin, cancer enkawl laiin luak chhuak na tak chuan nunna a tichhe thei bawk. Chutiang hunah chuan heng damdawi te hian nunna chhanhimtu hna an thawk a ni.
Side effect leh risk te pawh i hrechiang ang u.
Damdawi dang ang bawkin dopamine antagonists hian side effect a nei thei a ni. Chûngte chu damdawi i ei chi hrang hrang, a dose leh i taksa dinhmun a zirin a danglam thei a ni. Side effect i neih chuan damdawi ei kha bansan suh la, i doctor hnenah hrilh nghal rawh.
| Side effect awm thei te | Hrilhfiahna awlsam tak |
|---|---|
| Sedation tih hi a ni | Mi tam takin an tawn thin thil a ni. Chauhna leh mutthilhna a thlen thei. |
| Incheina nena inzawm harsatna | Thil chi hrang hrang, rilru hahdam lohna (akathisia), duh loh zawnga taksa ruh inzawmkhawm emaw, inthlak danglam emaw (dystonia), leh hmai emaw taksa emawa duh loh zawnga taksa ruh inthlak rei (tardive dyskinesia) te. |
| Thisen sang hniam | I ding thut chuan i mit a sen a, i rilru a hah thei (Orthostatic hypotension). |
| Hormone inthlak danglamna | Hormone prolactin a pun chuan hmeichhiate chu thlasik hun a titawp thei a, an hnute atang hian bawnghnute ang maia tui a chhuak thei bawk. |
| Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome natna a ni | Hei hi thil awm lo tak mahse na tak, nunna atana hlauhawm tak a ni. Khawsik sang, taksa ruh khauh, leh buaina ang chi symptom i neih chuan damdawi in Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU)-ah i kal nghal tur a ni. |
He damdawi hi ka ei lai hian ka khalh thei ang em?
Dopamine antagonist tam tak hian mutthilh a thlen thei a, fimkhur lohna a thlen thei bawk. Chuvangin, he damdawi hi ei tan tirh emaw, a hman dan tur thlak emaw hian fimkhur ngai lirthei khalh emaw, hman loh emaw a finthlak hle. Hemi chungchang hi doctor zawt la, a thurawn zawm hi a him ber .
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- Dopamine antagonists hi damdawi chi pawimawh tak a ni a, thluaka chemical dopamine an tih hnathawh a tikhawlo a, rilru natna leh luak chhuak enkawlna atan an hmang thin.
- He damdawi hian mi tam tak chu nunphung pangngai, hrisel taka nun a siamsak a ni.
- Damdawi zawng zawng ang bawkin hengte hian side effect a nei thei a, a bik takin chetna lama harsatna leh mutthilh lohna a nei thei a ni.
- He damdawi hi ei kha titawp ngai suh la, doctor thurawn tel lovin a dose pawh thlak ngai suh. Chutianga tih chu thil hlauhawm tak a ni thei.
- Side effect i neih chuan i doctor nen zalen takin sawipui rawh. Side effect tam zawk hi chu enkawl theih a ni.
- Damdawi dang i ei tur awm apiang i doctor hriattir a pawimawh hle.
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