I liver a thau lutuk em? Fatty liver disease (Steatotic Liver Disease) tih hming thar hi i zir dawn teh ang!

“Aw, doctor, ka liver-ah hian thau a awm...” Hetiang thil hi i hre tawh em? A nih loh leh he natna hi i nei ve bawk em? Lungngai suh. Vawiin hian he natna hi liver-a thau awm zat, a nih loh leh thu dangin sawi ila, Steatotic Liver Disease kan sawi dawn a ni. Tun hma chuan hei hi “thau thau” kan ti thin. Hei hi eng nge ni tak tak? Engvangin nge hming thar an vuah? Heng zawng zawng hi awlsam takin han sawi ila.

Engvangin nge "Fatty Liver" tih hming hi a inthlak?

Hetiang dinhmun hi “fatty liver disease” kan ti thin. Mahse kum 2023 khan damdawi lam mithiamte chuan “steatotic liver disease” tia thlak an tum ta a ni. Hei hi chhan lian tak pahnih a awm a. Pakhat chu hming thar hian a natna thlentu dik zawk a sawifiah a ni. Entirnan, thau lutuk hi a chhan pakhat a nih laiin, rihna nena inzawmna nei lo risk factor dang a awm bawk. A chhan dang chu “fatty liver” tih thumal hi a chang chuan he natna vei tan chuan mualphona leh sawichhiatna a ni thei a, chuvangin a hming thlak hian chu chu a ngaih pawimawh loh nan a pui a ni. A awlsam zawngin, “steatosis” tih hi doctor-te’n taksa peng pakhat (a tlangpuiin liver)-a thau awmkhawmna sawina atana an hman thin a ni. Liver hrisel, tha taka thawk chuan thau tlem a pai a. He thau khawlkhawm hi liver rih zawng 5% aia tam a nih chuan harsatna a lo ni ta a ni.

Fatty liver disease (SLD) hi eng chi hrang hrang nge ni?

Doctor-te chuan SLD hi a chhan leh a kaihhnawih dinhmun a zirin an thliar hrang thin. A chi hrang hrang hi han thlir ila.

1. Zu in avanga thin natna (ALD) .

Thil thleng chu zu i in tam lutuk chuan i thin (liver)-ah thau a lo pungkhawm thin. Ngaihtuah teh, zu i in hian i thin (liver) hian a filter chhuak thin. Chutiang karah chuan liver cell thenkhat chu an thi ta a ni. A tlangpuiin liver hian cell bo tawhte thlak turin cell thar a siam thei a ni. Mahse zu i in tam lutuk chuan liver hian he hna hi a thawk tha thei lo. Chutah chuan i liver-ah thau a lo pung tan a, chu chu steatosis an tih natna a ni.

2. Metabolic dysfunction avanga thisen zam natna (MASLD) .

Hei hi a hmain non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) tia sawi a ni. Hei hi a chhan chu liver-a thau awm hi zu in tam lutuk vang a nih loh vang a ni. Hming thar hian fatty liver lo awm chhan ber chu cardiovascular leh metabolic risk factors te a ni tih a sawi . A awlsam zawngin, i thinlung hriselna tichhe thei dinhmun leh mizia thenkhat avanga lo awm a ni.

MASLD vei theihna tur risk factor lian ber berte chu:

• Thau lutuk
• Type 2 Diabetes a ni
• Thisen sang a sang
• Lipid abnormalities – Hei hi i thisena thau chi hrang hrang, cholesterol leh triglycerides te inthlauhna a ni.

Kar khata zu tlem te, chu chu hmeichhia tan kar khatah gram 140 aia tlem leh mipa tan kar khatah gram 210 aia tlem lo in pawh nise, MASLD anga ngaih i ni thei tho. (Entîr nân, United States-ah chuan, beer can 12-a rit pangngaiah chuan zu gram 14 vêl a awm a.)

3. Metabolic dysfunction (Metabolic-associated steatohepatitis – MASH) avanga liver-a thau awm leh inflammation .

MASH hi MASLD hi a serious zawk a ni. Hetiang dinhmunah hian liver-ah thau a awm khawm avangin liver a lo hring a, a inflamed bawk. Tichuan, liver tissue a chhia a, scar (fibrosis) a awm tan ta a ni. Tun hma chuan hei hi non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) an ti thin.

4. MASLD leh zu in tam lutuk (MetALD) .

MetALD i neih chuan metabolic risk factors leh zu in hian i liver-a thau a khawlkhawmna kawngah a pui tihna a ni. Chutiang a nih chuan cardiovascular leh metabolic risk factors i nei a, hmeichhia tan kar khatah zu gram 140 aia tam leh mipa tan gram 210 aia tam i in thin.

Zu emaw, metabolic risk factors emaw hian liver-a thau a pungkhawm nasa zawk em tih hi mi hrang hrangah a inang lo thei.

5. SLD chi dang

SLD hi zu in emaw, metabolic risk factors emaw tel lovin a awm thei. Entirnan, damdawi thenkhat leh natna dangte hian thin (liver)-ah thau a tipung thei a. A chang chuan Doctor ten a chhan chiang tak an hmu thei lo. SLD chhan chiang tak nei lo chu cryptogenic SLD an ti a .

Fatty liver disease (SLD) hi harsatna lian tak a ni em?

A tam zawkah chuan liver-a thau awm hian harsatna lian tham a thlen lo va, liver hnathawh dan pangngai a tibuai lo bawk. Mahse, a chang chuan he natna hi a zual zauh zauh thei a, thin natnaah a chang thei bawk. Hei hi stage engemaw zatah a thleng tlangpui a:

• Hepatitis : A tir lama thauin a khat thin thin (liver) chu a lo hring a, a lo hring chhuak thin. He inflammation hian liver tissue a tichhe thin. Hetiang dinhmun hi steatohepatitis an ti a. Entirnan, MASLD chu a hnuaia mi ang hian MASH a lo ni ta a ni.
• Fibrosis: Inflammation avanga liver chhiatna hmunah scar tissue a lo awm tan thin. Hei hian thin (liver) chu a ti nghet deuh thin. Hetiang kalphung hi fibrosis an ti a .
• Cirrhosis of the liver: Hei hi liver tissue hrisel tak tak aiah scar tissue tam tak a awm hian a ni. Hei hi cirrhosis of the liver kan tih hian a ni. A enkawl that loh chuan cirrhosis hian nunna atana hlauhawm tak tak, liver failure leh liver cancer te a thlen thei a ni. Entirnan, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) , liver cancer chi khat vei zinga 90% vel chuan cirrhosis an nei a ni.

Fatty liver disease (SLD) natna lan chhuah dante chu engte nge ni?

SLD vei zawng zawng hian symptoms an nei vek dawn lo. A châng chuan, symptoms a awm tak tak chuan, chungte chu:

• Pum natna emaw, pum dinglam chunglam a khata awm emaw.
• Chau lutuk emaw, chak lo emaw tih (fatigue).

Mahse, mi tam zawk chuan SLD chu cirrhosis -a a lo zual hnuah chauh symptoms an hmu thin. Cirrhosis a lo awm chuan a lan chhuah dan te chu:

• Luhai.
• Chaw chu a thlum lo.
• Chhan awm lova thinrim.
• Vun sen leh mit var (jaundice).
• Ascites – Chumi awmzia chu pum chhung chu tuiin a khat tihna a ni.
• Ke, kut emaw, ke ruh emaw a hring (edema).
• Thisen chhuah (doctor chuan hei hi i chaw kawng, i pum, emaw i rectum-ah emaw a hmu thei).

Fatty liver disease (SLD) hi engte nge ni?

SLD a lo awm theih chhan hi eng emaw zat a awm. Mahse, cardiovascular leh metabolic risk factors i neih chuan , zu i hman chuan hrisel lo taka i hman a nih chuan, emaw, a pahnih i neih chuan SLD i vei theihna a sang zawk.

Heng thilte hi i neih chuan SLD vei theihna i nei sang zawk a ni:

• Zu insualna (Alcohol use disorder) – chu chu zu in fo emaw, in tam lutuk emaw tihna a ni.
• Metabolic syndrome – Hei hian insulin resistance, thisen sang, cholesterol sang, leh triglyceride level sang te a huam a ni.
• Type 2 zunthlum vei a ni.
• Overweight – Hei hian i body mass index (BMI) chu 25 leh 29.9 kg/m2 inkar a ni tihna a ni.
• Thau lutuk – BMI hi 30 kg/m2 aia tam a ni.
• A rilru a hah lutuk chuan a rilru a buai em em a, a rilru a hah lutuk chuan a rilru a buai em em bawk a.
• Mut theih lohna (obstructive sleep apnea) a awm.
• Hypothyroidism a awm lo.
• Pituitary hormone level tlahniam (Hypopituitarism).
• Sex hormone tlahniam (Hypogonadism).
• Damdawi thenkhat ei chhunzawm zel. Entirnan, Amiodarone (Amiodarone – Cordarone®), Diltiazem (Diltiazem – Cardizem®), Tamoxifen (Tamoxifen – Nolvadex®) emaw steroid emaw te hi a ni. (Damdawi thenkhat hian side effect angin liver-ah thau a tipung thei a ni.)

SLD avanga harsatna awm thei te chu engte nge ni?

Enkawl loh chuan steatotic liver chu cirrhosis -ah a kal thei a, chu chuan liver failure, liver cancer, leh liver pawn lama cancer dangte a thlen thei a ni. MASLD vei te hi thinlung natna vei an hlauhawm hle. MASLD vei zinga thihna thlentu ber chu thin natna ni lovin thinlung natna a ni tih hriat reng a pawimawh.

Engtin nge fatty liver disease (SLD) hi hriat theih?

SLD hian a tlangpuiin symptom a neih loh avangin i doctor hian a harsatna chu a hmu hmasa ber mai thei. Thisen test laiin i liver enzymes a sang a nih chuan warning sign a ni thei. Liver enzymes sang hian i liver a tichhia tihna a ni thei.

Diagnosis siam tur chuan i doctor chuan a hnuaia mite hi a ti thei ang:

• Medical history: I damdawi lam dinhmun te, zu i in zat te, leh damdawi i hman dan te zawt .
• Taksa enfiah: Cirrhosis chhinchhiahna, liver lian leh jaundice ang chi te enfiah rawh .
• Imaging procedures: Ultrasound , CT scan (Computed Tomography scan) , emaw MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) scan ang chi test hmangin liver-a inflammation leh scarring awm leh awm loh enfiah a ni. Ultrasound test bik FibroScan® tih hmangin liver-a thau leh scar tissue awm zat hriat theih a ni.
• Liver biopsy: He test hi liver natna hi engtiang chiahin nge a hmasawn tih hriat nan tih a ni. MASLD leh MASH dik taka thliar hran theihna awmchhun chu liver biopsy neih hi a ni .

Engtin nge fatty liver disease (SLD) hi enkawl a nih?

He natna hi enkawlna leh damdawi bik a awm lo. Chu ai chuan, doctor-te chuan chu natna thlentu risk factors-te thunun tûra ṭanpui che chu an ngaih pawimawh ber a ni. Hei hian i hriselna tichangtlung thei nunphung tihdanglamna a huam a ni.

I doctor chuan a hnuaia mi hi a rawn rawt thei ang:

• Zu in kha bansan rawh: I SLD kha zu in vang ni lo mah se, zu in loh vek tur a ni.
• I taksa rihna tihtlem: Exercise te, nutritionist enkawlna hnuaia ei leh in thlak danglam te, leh damdawi thenkhat, GLP-1RA ang chi te hian i taksa rihna tihtlem nan a pui thei che a ni. I taksa rihna tihtlem surgery pawh i ngaihtuah thei bawk.(Bariatric surgery) pawh a tling thei bawk.
• Metabolic conditions control nan damdawi ei: Zunthlum, cholesterol, leh thisen thau (triglycerides) control nan i damdawi pek te ei thin ang che. A then phei chuan vitamin E leh thiazolidinediones (zunthlum damdawi Actos® leh Avandia® te ) te pawh i ei a ngai thei bawk.
• Hepatitis A leh Hepatitis B laka vaccine la rawh : Heng virus infection te hi liver natna i neih tawh chuan a hlauhawm hle.

Damdawi i ei hian i liver-ah thau a tipung a nih chuan i doctor chuan i prescription chu a thlak danglam thei a ni.

Engtin nge fatty liver disease (SLD) laka inven theih ang?

SLD laka invenna tha ber chu i hriselna zawng zawng vawng reng hi a ni:

• Exercise neih fo thin ang che.
• Zu in hi tihtlem rawh.
• I tan taksa rihna hrisel tak vawng reng rawh.
• Type 2 diabetes emaw metabolic syndrome emaw i neih chuan i damdawi pek ang chiah kha ei la.

Fatty liver disease (SLD) hi tihdam theih a ni em?

I dinhmun nasat dan azirin SLD hi tihdanglam theih a ni a, hliam thenkhat pawh siamthat theih a ni bawk. I liver hian a tihdam theihna mak tak a nei a. I doctor-in a enkawl dan tur dik taka i zawm chuan i liver-a thau leh inflammation awm zat chu i ti tlem thei a ni. A chhiatna a zual zel loh nan i veng thei a, a then phei chuan liver chhiatna hmasa ber pawh i tidanglam thei bawk.

SLD hian thihna a thlen thei em?

Mi tam zawk tan chuan SLD hian advanced cirrhosis -a a kal zel loh chuan harsatna lian tham a thlen lo. SLD vei tam tak chu dam chhung pangngaiin an hmang thin.

Mahse, liver cirrhosis enkawl loh chuan a tawpah chuan liver failure emaw liver cancer emaw a thlen thei a ni. Liver hi i tan chuan taksa peng pawimawh tak a ni. Chuvangin SLD i vei tih i hriat chuan i liver venhim a pawimawh em em a ni.

SLD vei tan chuan ei leh in tha tak chu eng nge ni?

I SLD hi i taksa rihna tihpunna nen a inzawm a nih chuan, zawi zawiin mahse nghet takin i taksa rihna tihtlem nan ei leh in inthlau tak zawm rawh. Doctor-te chuan chaw thlum ei loh hi an rawt fo thin. Mediterranean diet pawh hi enchhin turin an rawt bawk . Thlai, thei leh thau tha tak tak a pai tam hle. Tin, thil chi hrang hrang, nut, legumes, whole grains, sangha, leh vawk te hi SLD vei tan chuan ei tur tha tak a ni. Tin, sa sen ei tam lutuk leh sugary drinks in loh a pawimawh hle bawk.

Zawhna zawh fo thin (FAQ) .

Zawhna: Ka thin (liver) hi engzat nge chhiatna a thlen tawh?

Chhanna: I doctor chuan chiang takin a hrilh thei che a ni. Thisen test, scan (Ultrasound, FibroScan) a ti ang a, i liver-ah thau engzat nge awm tih leh hliam a awm leh awm loh a enfiah ang. Tichuan thil awmdan chu a hrilhfiah ang che.

Zawhna: Liver chhiatna a dam leh theih nan eng chen nge a mamawh?

Chhanna:I dinhmun leh i thawhrimnaah a innghat tak zet a ni. A tir lamah a nih chuan, i ei leh in i control a, i thau i tihtlem chuan thla engemaw zat hnuah inthlak danglamna tha tak i hmu thei ang. A nasat chuan, cirrhosis ang maiin, tihdam kim a harsa a, mahse a na zual zel tur chu i titawp thei a ni.

Zawhna: Damdawi ka ei hian SLD a nghawng em?

Chhanna: Ni e, a ni thei. Damdawi thenkhat, entirnan Amiodarone leh Diltiazem te hian thin (liver) a tichhe thei a ni. Chuvang chuan i damdawi ei zawng zawng chu i doctor hnenah i hrilh tur a ni. Chumi hnuah chuan chu damdawi-ah chuan harsatna a awm leh awm loh a enfiah ang.

Zawhna: Ka tan chuan taksa rihna hrisel chu eng nge ni?

Chhanna: I san zawng leh i kum a zirin a ni. A tlangpuiin BMI 25 hnuai lam dah hi a tha ber a, mahse a tha ber chu i doctor emaw nutritionist emaw hnenah i tana rihna dik tak zawt la. Tlemte i taksa rihna tihtlem pawh hi i liver tan chuan hahdamna lian tak a ni thei.

Zawhna: Ei leh in hrisel chungchang zir turin nutritionist ka hmu thei ang em?

Chhanna: A dik tak zet! Chu chu a tha ber a ni. Nutritionist chuan i tana tha tur ei tur list siam turin a pui thei che a ni. Mediterranean diet leh ei tur siam awlsam te ang chi thilte an hrilh thei che a ni. Doctor i zawh chuan a refer thei che a ni.

Zawhna: Zu hmansualna hi engtin nge enkawlna ka hmuh theih ang?

Chhanna: Zu in bansan harsatna i neih chuan zak suh. A pangngai a ni. A tha ber chu i doctor nen inbia ang che. A pui thei che a, a tul chuan counseling service emaw specialist emaw hnenah a refer thei bawk. Zu lak atanga inthiarfihlim hi i thin (liver) chhanchhuah nan a pawimawh hle tih hre reng ang che.