I fa than chhoh dan tur i ngaihtuah em? Hei hi Growth Hormone Deficiency (GHD) a ni thei ang em?

I fa te hi a kum rualpui naupang dangte aiin a thang chak lo zawk em? A nih loh leh a kum aiin a tawi zawkin i hria em? Nu leh pate hian hetiang thil hi a chang chuan an lungkham hi thil pangngai tak a ni. Mahse, thil awlsam tak a ni ngai lo mai thei. Vawiin hian hetiang huna kan rilruah lo lang thei, mahse a awm vak lo dinhmun kan sawi dawn a ni. Chu chu `Growth Hormone Deficiency` a ni a, a tawi zawngin `GHD` an ti bawk.

Hei hi eng nge ni `Growth Hormone Deficiency (GHD)`? A awlsam zawngin i hrethiam ang u!

A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, GHD hi kan thluaka gland te tak te, pituitary gland hian taksa thanlenna atana pawimawh growth hormone (GH) mamawh zat a siam chhuak lo tihna a ni. Mi thenkhat chuan hei hi "pituitary dwarfism" an ti bawk. Hetiang dinhmun hian nausen, naupang leh puitlingte a nghawng thei a ni. GHD nei naupangte hi an kum aiin an tawi zawk tlangpui a, mahse an taksa proportion dang erawh chu a pangngai mai thei.

I hria em, hormone hi kan taksaa chemical messenger ang mai a ni. Thisen kal tlangin kan taksa peng hrang hrang, taksa ruh leh tissue dangte chu eng nge tih tur leh engtikah nge kan tih tur tih an hrilh thin.

Kan `Pituitary Gland` hi a te tak te, mahse a pawimawh em em `Endocrine Gland` a ni. Kan thluak bul, `Hypothalamus` hnuaiah a awm a. A hmunpui pahnih a nei a, chungte chu `Anterior Lobe` leh `Posterior Lobe` te an ni. `Anterior Lobe` a ni a, `Growth Hormone (GH)` leh hormone dang 8 vel a siam chhuak a ni.

A châng chuan GHD vei te hian hypopituitarism an tih pawh an nei thei a, chu chu pituitary gland siam hormone dang tlakchhamna a ni. Heng hormone te hi:

• `Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH emaw Vasopressin emaw)`
• `Follicle tichaktu hormone`
• `Luteinizing Hormone` tih a ni
• Thyroid tichaktu hormone (TSH) .
• `Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone (ACTH) hmanga siam chhuah a ni`

Chuti a nih chuan he `Growth Hormone` hian eng nge a tih?

Growth hormone (GH) hi naupang thang chakna atan a pawimawh hle. Taksa peng tam tak a nghawng a ni. A thang dan pangngai, taksa thau leh ruh chakna, leh taksa thau insem darh nan a pawimawh hle .

Kan ruh chhunga growth plate (epiphyses) te chu a khar hnuah, chu chu kan sang chho tawh lo tihna a ni a, GH hian sang zawkah min pui tawh lo. Amaherawhchu, kan taksa hian GH a la mamawh tho. Kan lo upat deuh deuh chuan GH hian taksa insiam dan pangngai a vawng reng a, metabolism a kal tha a, thisen glucose level a vawng reng bawk .

Chuvangin, naupang emaw, tleirawl emaw, puitling emaw pawh ni ila, i taksaah growth hormone i neih tlem chuan i kum azirin kawng hrang hrangin a nghawng thei che tih i hmu thei a ni. Naupang leh tleirawlah GHD hian a pangngaiin i thanlen loh phah thei a ni. Puitlingah chuan taksa thau sang leh thisen sugar level sang ang chi harsatna a thlen thei a ni.

`Growth Hormone Deficiency (GHD)` chi hrang hrang a awm em?

Ni e, `GHD` hi chi thum a awm a:

• Congenital GHD: Hei hi pian tirh atanga awm thin a ni. Genetic mutation vang emaw, naute thluak insiam dan lama harsatna vang emaw a ni thei.
• Acquired GHD: Hei hi naupan laia pituitary gland chhiat avanga lo awm a ni. Hetiang hian naupang leh puitling ten GHD an nei thei a ni.
• Idiopathic GHD: Damdawi lamah chuan "idiopathic" tih hian a chhan hriat loh tihna a ni . GHD vei thenkhatah chuan a chhan bik hmuh tur a awm lo.

GHD hi a lo awm tan kum a zirin an thliar hrang bawk a, naupang emaw puitling emaw atanga a intan dan azirin a natna lan chhuah dan leh a hriat dan a inang lo.

He dinhmun hi engtiang chiahin nge `GHD` tia koh a nih?

Growth hormone deficiency (GHD) hi a awm lo hle a ni . A tlangpuiin GHD hian naupang 4,000 zinga pakhat atanga 10,000 zinga pakhat vel a nghawng a ni. Puitling atanga lo chhuak GHD pawh hi a awm lo hle a, mi 10,000 zinga pakhat velin a vei a ni.

`Growth Hormone Deficiency (GHD)` natna lan chhuah dan chu engte nge ni?

GHD natna lan chhuah dan hi kum i neih dan azirin a inang lo.

Nausen leh naupangte zingah GHD natna lan chhuah dan

Nausen leh naupangin GHD an neih chuan an thanlenna a tlahniam thin. A lan chhuah dan ber chu naupang piancham vawi thumna hnu kum tin a san zawng a san chhoh zel hi a ni . Hei hian kum khatah inches 1.4 aia tlem an gain tlangpui tihna a ni.

Feature dangte chu:

• A kum aia naupang zawk hmel.
• Sam chak lo leh nail thanna.
• Ha chhuah hun sawn hlat.
• Puberty hun sawn hlat .
• Nausen leh naupang te zingah thisen sugar level hniam (`Hypoglycemia`) a awm.
• Nausen mipa piang tharte zang hi a te hle (`Micropenis`).

Puitling atanga intan GHD symptoms

Puitling atanga tan GHD symptoms te hi hmuh a harsa deuh thei. Heng symptoms te hi:

• Hlimna leh damna nei lo anga inhriatna.
• Lungkhamna leh/ emaw lungngaihna.
• Taksa chakna tlahniam.
• Fat deposition tihpun, a bik takin pum chhehvel .
• Muscle tone tlahniam.
• Ruh density tlahniam hian ruh natna (osteoporosis) ang chi natna a thlen thei a ni.
• Insulin resistance hian Type 2 Diabetes a thlen thei a ni.
• LDL-cholesterol leh triglycerides level sang hian thinlung natna a tipung a ni.

Hetiang dinhmun `GHD` an tih hi engte nge ni?

GHD thlen chhan hi kum a zirin a danglam thei a ni. A châng chuan, a chhan hmuh theih lohna (idiopathic) a awm ṭhin.

Congenital GHD awm chhan te

Congenital GHD hi genetic mutation avanga lo awm a ni . A châng chuan hei hi thluak structure-a harsatna emaw, hmai midline-a thil danglam (e.g., cleft palate, single central incisor) emaw nen a inzawm thei bawk.

Scientist-te chuan GHD thlentu genetic change eng emaw zat an hmuchhuak a. Chung zinga ṭhenkhat chu:

• Isolated growth hormone deficiency type IA: He genetic mutation hian nausen stage-ah a than chakna a ti hniam a, naute chu a pian tirh atanga beisei aia te zawk a ni. Heng mite hian a tirah chuan synthetic growth hormone (GH) hmanga enkawl an nih chuan an chhang tha hle a, mahse a hnuah chuan he hormone dotu antibody an siam chhuak leh thin. Hei hian a than chak lohna leh puitling san zawng a tawi hle.
• Isolated growth hormone deficiency type IB: Hei hi type IA nen a inang a, mahse heng naute hian an pian tirh hian an taksaah natural GH engemaw zat an nei a. Tin, an dam chhungin artificial GH hmanga enkawlna an dawng bawk.
• Isolated growth hormone deficiency type II: Heng mite hian GH level an nei hniam hle a, an san zawng pawh a tlahniam thei bawk. Growth failure hi naupan lai emaw, naupan lai emaw a ni tlangpui. Chung zinga a chanve vel chu pituitary gland (Pituitary Hypoplasia) lo thang lo (Underdeveloped pituitary gland) an nei a.
• Isolated growth hormone deficiency type III: Type II ang bawkin heng mite hian GH level a hniam hle a, stunting degree hrang hrang an nei thei bawk. Growth failure hi naupan lai emaw, naupan lai emaw a ni tlangpui. Tin, taksa hriselna chak lo leh natna hrik kai fo pawh an nei thei bawk.

He growth hormone tlakchhamna chi hrang hranga inheritance pattern hi thlah hrang hrangah a inang lo thei.

Acquired GHD awm chhan te

GHD hi naupan laia lo awm thin hi pituitary gland tihchhiat vang a ni. He chhiatna hian gland hian growth hormone siam leh chhuah theihna a hloh phah a ni. Naupang leh puitling pawhin hetiang hian GHD an nei thei a ni.

Pituitary gland hi thil awmdan emaw thil thleng emaw avanga tihchhiat theih a ni a, chungte chu:

• Pituitary adenoma (cancer nei lo tumor) a ni.
• Pituitary gland emaw a chhehvel emaw-ah radiation therapy hmanga enkawl a ni.
• Lu hliam na tak emaw `Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)` emaw a awm thei.
• Pituitary gland-a thisen kal dan a chhiat.
• Thluak surgery emaw, pituitary adenoma lakchhuahna surgery emaw neih laiin accident emaw pumpelh theih loh emaw chhiatna.
• `Central Nervous System natna hrik kai`.
• Taksa chhunga natna darh, Langerhans cell histiocytosis, sarcoidosis, leh TB te ang chi te.
• Hypothalamus-a tumor awm hian pituitary gland-ah pressure a siam thei a ni.

Engtin nge kan doctor-te hian he `GHD` natna hi an hriat chhuah?

GHD hi naupang kum hnih velah hmuhchhuah a ni fo. A hmasa ber chu kum 5 vel a ni a, chutih lai chuan naupangte chuan sikul an kal tan thin . Hei hi a chhan chu nu leh pate hian an fate san zawng chu an class-a naupang dangte nen awlsam takin an tehkhin theih vang a ni. Kum hnihna chu hmeichhia tan kum 10-13 inkar leh mipa tan kum 12-16 inkar a ni . Heng kumte hi puitlin tanna hun a ni tlangpui. Puberty tlai hian GHD rinhlelhna a siam thei.

Naupangte GHD hmuhchhuahna atana pawimawh ber chu an than chhoh zel hi a ni . Hei hi naupang a san dan chu a ni. Hmasawn hian a tlangpuiin a kalphung a zui thin. Thla 6 atanga thla 12 chhunga thanna enfiah a nih a, chutih chhung chuan a pangngaia a awm chuan thanna lama harsatna awm theihna chance a tlem hle.

Puitling atanga intan GHD hi a natna lan chhuah dan a fiah lo va, thil pangngai ang maia a lan avangin hriat a harsa thei hle. Hei hian diagnosis a ti harsa thei hle.

Naupangte hi `GHD' hmuhchhuah nan eng test nge an tih?

I fa doctor chuan a medical history leh growth chart te chu uluk takin a enfiah ang a, a than chak lohna chhinchhiahna te, GHD vei theihna tur risk factors te, leh a thanlenna tichhe thei thil dangte a zawng ang.

Hriselna dang, thanlenna tichhe thei chu:

• Hypothyroidism (Thyroid gland a thawk tha lo).
• Puberty hun sawn hlat.
• Celiac natna a ni.
• Ei leh in lama harsatna (undernutrition) a awm.

Kan thisena growth hormone level hi nitin a inthlak danglam nasa hle avangin thisen test ringawt pawh hian GH tlakchhamna a hriat theih loh. Chuvangin, i fa doctor chuan GHD finfiah nan leh/ emaw, a thanlenna tichhe thei dinhmun dang a paih chhuah theih nan heng ang test hi a ti thei ang:

• X-ray: Kut X-ray hmangin ruh than (bone age) leh a than theih dan te enfiah theih a ni.
• Thisen test leh laboratory test dangte:Thisen test ṭhenkhat chuan ṭhanlenna tichhe thei dinhmun dangte chu a paih chhuak thei a, GHD hriatchhuahna kawngah pawh a pui thei bawk. Thisen test bik chu insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) leh insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) te an ni.
• Growth Hormone Stimulation Test: Hei hi doctor ten GHD an hriat theihna atana an hman ber a ni. He test-ah hian i fa chu pituitary gland tichaktu damdawi pek a ni a, chu chuan GH a chhuah tir thin. Chumi hnuah doctor chuan thisen sample a la a, GH level a teh thin. Thisen test result-a GH level chu beisei ang level-a sang a nih loh chuan pituitary gland-in GH a siam tling lo tihna a ni.
• Magnetic Resonance Image (MRI): I fa doctor chuan a lu MRI a ti thei ang. Hei hian pituitary gland emaw thluak emawa harsatna awm zawngin GHD awm chhan hriat theih nan a pui thei a ni.

`GHD` hmuhchhuah nan puitlingte chungah eng test nge tih thin?

Puitling GHD hriat theihna atana hman tlanglawn ber chu Insulin Tolerance Test a ni . Insulin hi kan pancreas atanga pianphung atanga siam hormone a ni.

He test-ah hian doctor chuan i thisen sugar level tihhniam nan artificial insulin injection a pe ang che. Tichuan, thisen sample an la ang a, i thisena growth hormone awm zat an teh ang.

Kan thisen sugar level a hniam (hypoglycemia) chuan growth hormone a chhuak tlangpui. I thisen test-naah insulin tolerance test-a i growth hormone level chu beisei aia hniam a nih chuan hei hian condition GHD a nemnghet a ni.

Test dang pawh a awm thei:

• `Glucagon tihchakna test`
• `Macimorelin tihchakna test`
• `Arginine tihchakna test`
• `Clonidine stimulation test` tih a ni

Engtin nge `Growth Hormone Deficiency (GHD)` hi enkawl a nih?

Naupang leh puitling tan pawh GHD enkawlna chu synthetic growth hormone (Recombinant Human Growth Hormone) injection a ni. Hengte hi in lamah pek theih a ni. GHD vei te hian nitin injection an ei a ngai fo thin .

Synthetic growth hormone enkawlna hi hun rei tak chhung a ni , a chang chuan kum engemaw zat a daih. Damdawi hian a thawk tha em tih leh a dose pawh siamthat a ngai em tih hriat nan doctor pan fo a pawimawh hle.

Nang emaw i fa emaw hian pituitary hormone dang tlakchhamna i neih chuan chutiang tlakchhamna siamthat nan enkawlna i mamawh bawk ang.

`GHD` enkawlna avanga side effects awm thei

GHD enkawlna atana growth hormone injection atanga side effect na lo tak tak emaw, a tlem emaw a awm hi a awm lo. Mahse, chung zingah chuan:

• Lu na.
• Muscle na emaw, ruh natna emaw.
• Hypothyroidism natna nei lo tak a ni.
• Kut leh ke a hring chhuak.
• Scoliosis vei te chu ruh (spine) curvature tihpun.

Rare, mahse side effect na tak tak a awm thei bawk:

• Lu natna nasa tak leh mit lama harsatna awm.
• Hip Dysplasia (thigh ruh hip ruh nena inzawm dik lo).
• Pancreatitis (pancreas natna hrik awm).

Heng symptoms te hi i neih chuan doctor nen inbiakna neih nghal a pawimawh . I damdawi ei tur zat pawh siam danglam a ngai mai thei.

`GHD` lo awm theihna tur risk factors te chu engte nge ni?

Vanduaithlak takin GHD vei tam zawk hi chu ven theih a ni lo. Mahse, risk factor thenkhat chuan nangmah emaw i fa emaw chuan acquired GHD an neih theihna chance a tipung thei a ni. Chung zingah chuan:

• Puitling san zawng a thlen hmaa cancer enkawlna lak.
• Lu emaw thluak emawa radiation hmanga enkawlna dawng.
• Taksa Irradiation zawng zawng (Total Body Irradiation) a ni.
• Thluak, a bik takin thluak lairil, pituitary gland awmna hmuna operation tih.

Heng risk factors zinga pakhat tal hi nangmah emaw i fa emaw tan a hman theih chuan GHD symptoms hriat chian a pawimawh a, i doctor nen inbiakna neih a pawimawh bawk.

GHD hi eng prognosis nge ni?

GHD vei naupangte tan chuan, chu natna chu enkawl hma chuan naupang chu puitling san zawng pangngai hnaih zawkah a seilian thei a ni . Naupang tam zawk chuan enkawlna kum khatnaah inches li emaw a aia tam emaw an pung. Kum hnih chhungin inches thum emaw a aia tam emaw an pung. Chumi hnuah chuan growth rate a tlahniam leh thin.

Puitling atanga tan GHD vei te hian uluk taka enkawl an nih chuan thlirna tha tak an nei tlangpui a, nun hrisel tak an hmang thei bawk.

GHD avanga harsatna awm thei te chu engte nge ni?

Naupangte GHD hi enkawl loh chuan an sei rei lo thei a, an puitlin hun pawh a tlai thei bawk .

Enkawlna dik tak nei mah se, puitling aṭanga lo chhuak GHD vei te chu thinlung natna leh stroke vei theihna a sang hle . He hlauhawmna hi thil hrisel tak tak, ei leh in inthlau tak ei leh exercise neih fo hian a tihziaawm thei a ni.

GHD vei, puitling atanga tan te pawh hi ruh natna (osteoporosis) vei theihna a sang hle. Hei hian hliam tenau emaw, tlu emaw avanga ruh an tikehsawm zawk tihna a ni. Heng hlauhawmnate tihziaawm nan hian calcium tamna ei leh in ei a pawimawh a, doctor-in a rawt angin vitamin D supplement ei a pawimawh bawk.

GHD chungchangah engtikah nge doctor ka hmuh ang?

Naupangte hi an lo thang zawi zawi a, a tlangpui aia tawi zawk pawh an awm thei. A châng chuan, zawi zawiin a ṭhan chhoh chu thil pangngai leh rei lo tê chauh a ni thei bawk. Entirnan, puitlin hun a hnaih lai hian. I fate ṭhan chakna i ngaihtuah chuan naupang endocrinologist emaw, doctor dang emaw pan rawh . I fa than chak dan hi ngaihtuah tur a nih leh nih loh hriat theih nan an pui thei che a ni.

Puitling i nih a, GHD symptoms i neih chuan i doctor nen inbia ang che.

Nangmah emaw i fa emaw hian GHD i vei tih hmuhchhuah a nih chuan, enkawlna chu a thawk tha em tih hriat nan i doctor hnenah i hmu fo tur a ni .

I fate thanlenna tihkhawtlai i hmuh chuan a rang thei ang bera doctor nena inbiakna neih a pawimawh. GHD hi a chhan a nih a rinawm loh nachungin, a danglamna ngaihtuahawm tak tak a awm chuan en a phu hle. GHD vei te hi hriat hmasak an nih chuan thlirna tha zawk an nei a, a tlangpuiin nun hrisel tak an hmang thei bawk. I fa than dan tur chungchanga zawhna i neih chuan i doctor hnenah zawh hreh suh. Anni hi tanpui turin an rawn kal a ni.

Take-Home Thuchah hnuhnung ber

Chuvangin, `Growth Hormone Deficiency (GHD)` tih hi eng nge a nih a, naupang leh puitlingte pawh a nghawng theih dan chu i hrethiam mai thei. A pawimawh ber chu chu chu hlauthawng lo tur a ni a, ngaihtuahna i neih chuan a rang thei ang bera doctor pan tur a ni . Hriatchhuah hmasak leh enkawl dan dik a nih chuan `GHD` vei tam zawk chu hlawhtling tak, hrisel takin an nung thei a ni. I fate hmasawnna tur emaw, nangmah hriselna chungchangah emaw ngaihtuahna i neih chuan, chu chu doctor nena inbiakna neih a tlai ngai lo.

` Growth Hormone tlakchhamna, GHD, Growth Hormone tlakchhamna, Pituitary Gland, Naupang thanlenna, tawi te, Hormone lama harsatna nei, GH