Head and Neck Cancer chungchanga hriat tur pawimawh te

I kawr na, i aw a inthlak emaw, i hmuiah natna dam lo emaw i nei fo em? Khawsik pangngai mai mai niin i ngai mai thei. Mahse heng chhinchhiahna tenau te hi a chang chuan thil pawi tak chhinchhiahna a ni thei. Vawiin hian "lu leh kawr cancer" chungchang kan sawi dawn a, chu chu mi tam takin an ngaihven vak lo a, mahse a hmaa hriatchhuah a pawimawh hle.

A awlsam zawngin, lu leh kawng cancer chu eng nge ni?

"Lu leh kawng cancer" tih hi cancer chi khat chauh a ni lo. He hming hi cancer chi hrang hrang, i lu leh i kawr hmun hrang hrang atanga tan thin tan kan hmang khawm vek a ni. Chung zinga a tam zawk chu i hmui, i rilru (pharynx), i hmui leh hnar chhunga hnim hring (moist membrane) line tu cell chi khatah a intan a ni. Damdawi lamah chuan heng cell te hi squamous cells kan ti a . Chuvangin heng cancer tam tak hi Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) tia koh an ni.

Hetiang cancer chi hi i vei tih hmuhchhuah a nih chuan i oncologist chuan i tan eng enkawlna tur nge tha ber tih a rel ang che. Hetah hian kan tum ber chu natna dona kawngah hian kan thusawi, ei leh in leh hmêl lan dân lantîrtu taksa peng hrang hrangte a tam thei ang ber humhalh hi a ni.

Heng cancer te hi eng hmunah nge a awm ber?

Lu leh kawng cancer chungchang kan sawi hian a bik takin i hmui, i kawr leh a chhehvel hmun danga cancer lo awm thin te hi a huam tel a ni. Eng nge an nih i han thlir teh ang.

Heng cancer te hi eng symptoms nge ni thei ang?

Lu leh kawng cancer chhinchhiahna hi a tir lamah chuan a fiah lo fo thin. An rilru natna awlsam tak emaw, khawsik emaw ang maiin an inhria thei. Mahse , a persistent sore throat hi heng cancer natna lan chhuah dan tlangpui a ni.

Cancer chi hrang hrang a zirin a hnuaia symptoms te hi i nei thei ang:

• A rilru natna awm reng.
• Beng na reng emaw, beng natna chhinchhiahna emaw (a bik takin i doctor-in i beng a enfiah a, a pangngai anga a lan chuan).
• Lu na fo thin.
• Hmaiah emaw, kawr lamah emaw na lo reh lo.
• Ha chunglam a na.
• Chaw ei emaw ei emaw hian natna.
• Hoarseness emaw aw inthlak danglam emaw.
• Thâwk harsa leh tawng harsa.

Pawn lamah pawh hmuh theiha danglamna thenkhat i hmu thei bawk :

• Kawngkhar, hmuiah emaw, kawr chhungah emaw lump.
• Kawng emaw, lei emawa hliam dam lo.
• Hnar thisen chhuak fo, hmui emaw mucus-a thisen awm.
• Ka hmui, lei emaw, ka chhungah emaw a var emaw, sen emaw a awm.
• Hmai, kawr emaw, hmai sir emaw-ah a hring (hei hian i ha lemte chu a fit tha lo thei a ni).

Engvangin nge heng cancer te hi an lo awm? Risk factors te chu engte nge ni?

Cancer dang ang bawkin lu leh kawng cancer hi cell pangngai chu a pangngai lo (malignant) a nih a, thunun theih loha a inthen tan atanga intan a ni. He cell mass hian tumor a siam a. He tumor hian a chhehvel tissue a rawn lut thei a, taksa hmun dangah a darh thei bawk.

Chutiang chuan zirchiangtute chuan cell pangngai chu cancer cell-a chantir thei tur risk factor pawimawh engemaw zat an hmuchhuak a ni.

Risk factor lian ber berte

• Zuk leh hmuam hman: Khawvel puma lu leh kawng cancer zinga 70% atanga 80% vel chu zuk leh hmuam hman hian a thlen a ni. Hei hian cigarette zuk te, cigar in te, zuk leh hmuam chewing te, leh snuff te a huam a ni. Secondhand smoke nena inzawmna hian a hlauhawmna a tipung bawk.
• Zu in tam lutuk: Zu in hian i hlauhawmna a tipung bawk a, a bik takin zuk leh hmuam nena zu i hman chuan.
• Human Papillomavirus (HPV): Tunah chuan ram changkang zawka lu leh kawng cancer thlentu lian ber niin, HPV hri kai hian zuk leh hmuam hman a phak lo hle.
• Betel chewing: South leh Southeast Asia-ah te, kan ram pawh tiamin, Betel chewing hi kan tih dan tlanglawn tak a ni. Hemi biala lu leh kawng cancer zinga a chanve aia tam hi betel chewing vang a ni. Betel, lime leh zuk leh hmuam te hi an inkawp chuan hmui cancer vei theihna a sang hle.

Risk factor dangte pawh a awm thei

• Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV): He hri kai hian nasopharyngeal cancer emaw salivary gland cancer emaw a thlen thei a ni.
• Immune system chak lo: Immune system a chak loh chuan taksain cancer a do theihna a tlahniam a. Kan taksa hriselna chak lo, HIV hrik kai leh operation hnua organ transplant ang chi cancer vei theihna a awm.
• Genetic causes: Genetic thenkhat hian cancer vei theihna a tipung thei a. Entirnan, Fanconi anemia vei te hian lu leh kawng cancer an vei theihna a sang hle.
• Hun rei tak chhung carcinogenic substances nena inzawmna nei:Hun rei tak chhung asbestos, pesticides, thing leivut, leh paint fumes ang chi thila inhriat hian cancer a thlen thei a ni.
• Radiation laka invenna: A hmaa lu emaw kawr emaw hmuna radiation therapy pek tawh pawh hi a hlauhawmna a ni.
• Chaw chi (salted and preserved foods): Sa leh sangha chi (salted and preserved foods) ei fo hian hnar cancer vei theihna a tipung thei a ni.
• Kawng hriselna ngaihthah: I ha leh hmui uluk taka enkawl loh chuan hmui cancer vei theihna a tipung a ni.

He natna hi engtin nge doctor hian a hriat theih ang?

Diagnosis hi taksa enfiahna atanga tan a ni tlangpui. Doctor chuan uluk takin i hmui, hnar kawng, i kawr leh i kawr te chu a enfiah ang. I kawr, i hmui, i hmui leh i hmuiah te pawh a natna awm apiang chu a hre thei bawk ang.

Chu test zawhah chuan test vawi engemaw zat neih belh a ngai mai thei.

• Endoscopy: Hei hian i hnar chhung, i hnar chhung emaw, i hmui chhung emaw enfiah nan tube te tak te, eng tak hmanga enfiah a ni.
• Imaging test: Lu leh kawng X-ray, CT scan, MRI scan, leh PET scan ang chi test te hian taksa chhunga tumor awmte chu a hmuchhuak thei a ni.
• Laboratory test: Thil rinhlelh tur i hmuh chuan HPV test hmangin cancer hi HPV virus avanga lo awm a nih leh nih loh enfiah theih a ni.
• Biopsy: Lump chu cancer a nih leh nih loh 100% a hriat theihna awmchhun chu biopsy neih hi a ni. Hei hian lump atanga tissue te tak te la chhuakin cancer cells a awm leh awm loh test a huam a ni.

Cancer hi engtin nge enkawl a nih?

Lu leh kawng cancer enkawlna atana hmanraw lian ber berte chu:

• Surgery: A theih phawt chuan surgeon-te chuan cancer tumor leh a chhehvela tissue hrisel tlemte chu paih chhuah an tum thin. Cancer a darh tawh nia rinhlelhna a awm chuan kawr chhunga lymph node te pawh lakchhuah theih a ni.
• Radiation Therapy: Hei hian cancer cells te tihchhiat nan high-energy X-rays te chu direct a ni. Radiation therapy hi a ringawt emaw, enkawlna dang, surgery leh chemotherapy te nen pawh pek theih a ni.
• Chemotherapy: Hei hian damdawi hmanga cancer cell tihlum a ni. He enkawlna hi cancer natna zual zel, cancer a darh tawhna hmunah te hman a ni ber.

Heng enkawlna lian ber berte bakah hian i doctor chuan cancer a zual emaw, enkawl hnua a lo lang leh emaw chuan enkawlna dang a rawt thei bawk.

• Targeted Therapy: Heng damdawi te hian cancer cell target bik ah hna an thawk a, an thanlenna a titawp thin.
• Immunotherapy hmanga enkawlna:Heng damdawi te hian i taksa ngei pawh hian cancer cells te chu a hriat theih nan leh a tichhe thei a ni.
• Clinical Trials: Hengte hi enkawlna thar a him leh him loh enfiahna zirchianna a ni. I doctor hnenah pakhatah i tel thei em tih zawt rawh.

He cancer hi ven theih a ni em?

Dik tak chuan i ti thei tho. Lu leh kawng cancer tam zawk venna atan hma i la thei. I invenna atana i tih theih thenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni:

• Zuk leh hmuam hi pumpelh vek rawh. Cigarette, cigar, zuk leh hmuam chewing, leh chewing gum in bansan rawh.
• Zu in hi tihtlem rawh. Zu in tlem emaw, tihtawp vek emaw hian cancer vei theihna a ti tlem thei a ni.
• HPV vaccine hi la rawh. He vaccine hian cancer thlen thei HPV virus chi hrang hrang lakah a veng thei a ni.
• Ni laka inveng rawh. Sunscreen hnawih leh ni chhuahna hmuna i vun khuh tu thawmhnaw hak hian vun cancer lakah a veng thei che a ni.
• I hmui hriselna enkawl rawh. Nitin ha silfai la, i hmui hrisel takin vawng reng ang che.