Chanchinbuah hian virus tharin natna thar a thlen tih kan hre fo thin. Coronavirus hri leng laia kan hriat ang chiah khan scientist-te chuan coronavirus pakhat hi SARS an tih natna thlentu a ni tih an hmuchhuak a. Mahse, engtin nge heng scientist-te hian he hri hi he natna thlentu a ni tih hi hetiang taka chiang tak, rintlak taka an sawi theih ang tih hi i ngaihtuah ngai em? Guess mai mai a ni em? A nih loh leh, chutiang atana hmanraw pawm theih engemaw zat a awm em? Chu thuruk chu vawiinah kan sawi a ni.
Scientific Secret: Robert Koch-a Postulates te hi a ni
Hei hi rinhlelhna a ni tak tak lo. Scientist-te’n natna hrik bik pakhat hi natna thlentu a nihzia finfiah nan scientific method bik tak a awm a. Police chhui chianna ang mai a ni a, rinhlelh man tur step by step a kalpui a ni. Hetiang method hi khawvelah kum 1890 daih tawh khan German doctor leh scientist
Robert Koch chuan a rawn hmang tan a ni . Heng dan a rawt te hi
"Koch-a Postulates" kan ti a ni. A awlsam zawngin, hei hi scientist-te'n natna hrik pakhat chu "a sualtu" a nihzia finfiahna atana an hman "dan pali lehkhabu" a ni. Heng dan palite hi eng nge ni tih i lo en ang u.
| Koch-a Postulate a ni | Hei hian eng nge a awmzia? (A awlsam zawngin) |
|---|
| Rule hmasa ber | He natna sawi tur nei damlo zawng zawng hian an taksaah he hrik rinhlelh awm tak hi an nei vek tur a ni. Chutiang bawkin hrisel tak tak, natna nei lote pawhin he hrik hi an taksaah an nei thei lo. |
| Dan pahnihna | Lab culture-ah te, special medium-ah te, mi damlo atanga lak tissue emaw sample dang (entir nan, phlegm, thisen, ek) atanga he natna hrik hi tihpun theih a ni tur a ni. |
| Dan pathumna | Chu hrik thianghlim, laboratory-a chin chu rannung hrisel, natna hlauhawm tak (a nih loh leh mi) taksaah dah a nih chuan, natna bulpui ang chiah kha a nei tur a ni. |
| Dan palina | Hri kai thar pahnihna emaw ran emaw atanga sample lak atanga original germ chu isolate leh culture leh theih a ni tur a ni. |
Mahse mi hrisel chuan natna a darh thei lo a ni lawm ni?
Tunah chuan harsatna lian tak i nei tawh ngei ang. Chu dan pathumna chu han en teh. Mi hrisel tak natna hrik kai hi nungchang lamah a dik lo em ni? A theih loh khawp mai. Chuti a nih chuan engtin nge scientist-te hian he dan hi an hlen chhuah?
Ni e, chu thawnthu chu a dik vek a ni. Tuman tumruh takin natna an kai lo va, eng thil vang pawhin experiment an nei lo. Chu chu tihsual lian tak a ni. Chuvang chuan scientist-te chuan heng dan pathumna leh palina hi finfiah nan hian kawng dang an hmang a ni.
A atana scientific method hman dan te
1.
Epidemiology: Hei hi a hmanraw ber a ni. A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, epidemiology chu mipui zinga natna darh dan zir chianna a ni. Detective ang maiin scientist-te chuan:
- Tuin nge natna hi vei?
- Khawiah nge an awm?
- Tu nen nge an inkawp?
- He natna vei tawhte inkara inzawmna tlanglawn tak takte chu engte nge ni?
- Chumi hnuah chuan he thu hi mi hrisel pawl, natna vei lote hnen atanga thu dawn nen khaikhin a ni.
Ngaihtuah teh, SARS vei zawng zawng hi hri kai an kai vek a, kai lote chu an damlo lo a nih chuan chu chu natna thlentu chu hri kai a ni tih finfiahna nghet tak a ni ang. Chutiang chuan Dân Pathumna thu bul chu mi hri kai lova finfiah theih a ni. 2.
Animal Models: A hman dan dang chu rannung test a ni. Mihring ang chi natna lanchhuahna nei rannung (e.g., mice, monkey) te chu laboratory-a virus tihpun chu an inject thin. Chu rannung chuan mihring natna ang chi natna a neih chuan, chu chuan Dân Pathumna chu a nemnghet a ni. Chumi hnuah chuan chu ran atang chuan virus chu lakchhuah leh theih a nih chuan Dan Palina pawh hi a dik a ni.
Hei hi SARS virus hriatchhuah dan chu a ni!
Tunah chuan SARS hri leng chungchangah hian heng dante hi engtin nge an hman tih i lo en ang u.
- Dan pakhatna leh pahnihna: Scientist-te chuan SARS symptom nei damlo eng emaw zat aṭangin coronavirus hi an isolated. Tin, hlawhtling takin lab-ah virus hi an tipung bawk. Chuvangin dan hmasa pahnihte chu a hlen chhuak ta a ni.
- Dan Pathumna leh Palina: Hetah hian Epidemiology a lo lut a ni.a rawn chhanchhuak ta a ni. Test-naah hian hri kai tawhte zingah he natna hi a hluar hle tih chiang takin a lang a, kai lote zingah pawh a awm lo tih a chiang hle. Chu bakah, mi thenkhat, accident-a kai tawh (e.g., damlo enkawltu health care worker) te pawh a hnuah an damlo a, anmahni atang hian original virus chu an la chhuak thei bawk. Hei hian dan pathumna leh palina thu bulte chu a nemnghet a ni. Hei hi rannung zirchianna pawhin a nemnghet lehzual a ni.
Chuvangin tunah chuan i hre tawh ang, hei hi rinhlelhna mai a ni lo. Hei hi scientific process awmze nei tak, systematic tak, kum zabi tam tak kaltaa, rintlak tak a ni.
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- Scientist-te chuan natna chu virus emaw bacteria emaw bik avanga lo awm a ni tih an rel a, chu chu rinhlelhna avang ni lovin, scientific method "Koch's Postulates" tih an zawm vang a ni.
- Hetiang tih dan hian thil pawimawh pali a huam a, chungte chu damlote hnen atanga hrik hriatchhuah te, laboratory-a tihpun te, natna thlentu a nihzia lantir te, leh chu natna hrik chu isolate leh te a ni.
- Mihringte hi tumruh taka natna hrik kai chu nungchang dik lo a nih avangin, scientist-te chuan heng dante thu bulte hi epidemiology leh rannung testing ang chi hmanrua hmangin an nemnghet a ni.
- Chuvangin, tun atang chuan natna engemaw tak chu virus atanga lo chhuak a ni tih i hriat hunah chuan chu thusawi hnuaia scientific process khauh tak chu hre reng ang che.
- Damdawi lam harsatna i neih emaw, rinhlelhna i neih emaw chuan i doctor hnenah thurawn dil fo ang che .
Virus, diagnosis, Koch-a dan, scientific method, epidemiology, SARS, coronavirus
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