A châng chuan khawsik, khuh, leh thawk harsa tlem i nei mai ṭhin a ni lawm ni? Ni hnih emaw ni thum emaw chhungin a tha leh thin. Mahse hetiang hi a thleng zel a nih chuan, a bik takin i in lama i kal emaw, hnathawhna hmun emaw i kal hunah heng natna lan chhuah dan hi a pung zel a nih chuan thil pangngai a ni lo mai thei. Vawiin hian dinhmun pakhat, a nasat deuh theih, mahse mi tam takin an hriat loh chungchang kan sawi dawn a ni. Chu chu Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis, a tawi zawngin HP a ni.
A awlsam zawngin, Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis (HP) hi eng nge ni?
Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis (HP) hi, a dik tak chuan, kan lung natna tichhe thei allergy a ni . Mahse hei hi pollen emaw dust emaw allergy kan hriat tlangpui ang kha a ni lo. Hemi kawngah hian thil thleng chu kan lung chhunga boruak bawm te tak te (alveoli) te hian kan thawk chhuah thil te tak te (allergens kan tih) te chu an overreact nasa hle a, hei hian chu air sacs ah chuan swelling, a nih loh leh inflammation , a siam a ni.
Heng symptoms te hi a lo lang nghal (acute) a, a bo nghal vat thei a, a nih loh leh hun kal zelah zawi zawiin a pung a, a awm reng (chronic) thei bawk.
Engtin nge hei hi allergy pangngai nen a danglam?
Ngaihtuah teh, leivut allergy i neih hian i hnar a chhuak a, i thawk hah bawk. Mahse HP nen chuan a danglam. Chutianga titu thil chi hrang hrangte kan tawn chhunzawm zel chuan, chu chu kan thawk chhuah hian kan lung chu a chhe vek thei a ni . Hun a kal zel a, lungah pawh hliam a awm thei. Hetiang dinhmun hi ` interstitial lung disease ` kan ti a. Chuvangin allergy pangngai anga ngaih mai mai chu a tha lo.
Tute nge Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis vei theihna sang zawk?
He natna hian tu pawh a nghawng thei a, mahse hna thenkhata thawk leh hmun thenkhata chengte chu a thlentu thil chi hrang hrang an inhnim reng avangin an hlauhawm zawk a ni. Tute nge an nih i en ang u.
| Risk group a ni | A sawifiahna awlsam tak |
|---|---|
| Lo lama hnathawkte | Bawng, thlai, buh leh buh ang chi thil nena inpawh fo thinte chuan mold leh bacteria an hip thei a ni. |
| Rannung nena thawk ho mite | Veterinarian te, sava emaw vawk vulhtu te, sava bawm tifai thin te hian sava ek leh hmul atanga thil chi hrang hrang an hip thei a ni. |
| Lumber mill leh thingpui siamtute | Thingpui chunga thing leivut leh mold lo thang te inhalation. |
| Metal industry lama hnathawkte | Metal processing laiin chemical particle te tak te lo chhuak te inhalation. |
| In chhunga boruak awm dan | Humidifier enkawl tha lo, AC system, hot tub, etc. atanga mold leh bacteria thawk hi sava hmul atanga siam pillow leh mattress hman pawh a hlauhawm hle. |
| Kum | Kum 50 leh 70 inkar ah a tam ber. |
A pawimawh ber chu, he natna hi i immune system chu thil pakhatah "overly" sensitive a nih hian a lo awm thin. Loneitu emaw, sava vulhtu emaw zawng zawng hian hetiang hi an nei vek lo.
He natna lan chhuah dan engte nge ni?
HP natna lan chhuah dan hi chi hnih a awm thei. Pakhat chu acute symptoms niin pakhat chu chronic symptoms a ni.
| Acute HP a ni | HP rei tak a awm |
|---|---|
| Heng symptoms te hi allergen kan hmuh atanga darkar tlemte chhungin a lang a, ni engemaw zat chhungin a bo thin. Khawsik ang maiin an inhria mai thei. | |
| - Thâwk harsa (dyspnea) . | - Exercise emaw active lai emawa thawk hah |
| - Khuh vawt | - Khuh chhunzawm zel |
| - A rilruah a tight tih hriatna | - Chau lutuk |
| - Khua a vawt, khur chhuak | - Chhan awm lova taksa rihna tihtlem |
| - Khawsik | - Kut zungtang hmanga inhnamhnawih |
| - Taksa natna | |
Chronic HP hi a lo thang zauh zauh a, chuvangin a tir lamah chuan i hre thei lo mai thei. I hriat hmasak ber tur chu "Tun hma aiin tunah hian stairs tlemte ka chhoh hian ka chau hle" tih ang chi hi a ni.
Engtin nge natna hi kan hriat theih ang?
Heng symptoms te hi i neih chuan i doctor chuan i hnathawh dan te, i hobby te, ., chuan i in chhung boruak chungchangah zawhna tam tak a zawt ang. Hei hian eng thil nge allergy i neih theih tih ngaihtuahna a pe ang che. Tichuan, doctor chuan i lungte chu stethoscope hmangin a ngaithla ang a, i kut zungtang (`pulse oximeter`)-ah clip ang chi hmanrua (`pulse oximeter`) dahin i oxygen level a enfiah ang.
Hei bakah hian hetiang test hian natna dik tak finfiah theih a ni bawk.
- Allergy thisen test: I thisenah hian he allergy nena inzawm antibody a awm em tih hriat nan special test (a `hypersensitivity pneumonitis panel`) tih theih a ni.
- Chest X-ray emaw CT scan: Hei hian lungah hliam, hliam (fibrosis) emaw, chhiatna dang emaw a awm leh awm loh chiang takin a hriat theih.
- Pulmonary function tests: Hei hian i lung hnathawh that dan leh boruak i thawk chhuah leh i chhuah theih zat tehna test engemaw zat a huam a ni.
- Bronchoscopy: Hetah hian camera te tak te dahna tube chu hnar emaw hmui emaw kaltlangin lung chhungah an lut a, chutah chuan a chhung lam chu enfiah a ni a, a tul chuan tissue sample te tak te chu enfiah turin lak a ni.
Engtin nge enkawl a nih?
He natna enkawlna atana pawimawh ber leh hmasa ber chu natna thlentu allergen hriatchhuah a, pumpelh vek hi a ni.
I tawrh chhunzawm zel chuan eng damdawi pawh ei la, natna chu a dam kim lovang. Chronic HP veiah chuan allergen atanga hla takah awm mah la, lung chhiatna chu a pung zel thei a ni.
Allergen pumpelh bakah hian i doctor chuan heng ang damdawi hi a pe thei bawk.
| Enkawl dan tur | Hrilhfiahna |
|---|---|
| Corticosteroid emaw immunosuppressive damdawi emaw a ni | Heng damdawi te hian lung chhunga inflammation tihziaawmna atan a pui thin. Entirnan: `prednisone`, `mycophenolate`, `azathioprine` tih te hi a ni. |
| Fibrotic dona damdawi a ni | Hengte hian lung chhunga hliam awm zat a ti hniam thei a ni. Entirnan: `pirfenidone`, `nintedanib` tih te hi a ni. |
| Pulmonary rehabilitation neih a ni | Thâwk lakna exercise leh physical therapy te hian thawk a ti awlsam thei hle. |
| Oxygen hmanga enkawlna a ni | Natna a nasat chuan pawn lam atanga oxygen pek a ni a, chu chuan taksain oxygen a mamawh ang zat a pe a ni. |
| Lung transplant a ni | Natna a nasat em em a, lungin hna a thawk tawh lo vek a nih chuan lung transplant hi a hnuhnung ber a ni thei. |
He natna lakah hian engtin nge i inven theih ang?
Chronic HP-a lung chhiatna hi tihdanglam theih loh a nih avangin a tha ber chu a thlentu allergens te atanga hla thei ang bera awm hi a ni.
- Hna hlauhawm tak tak (e.g. loneih, thingpui hnathawh, sava hnathawh) i tih chuan mimal invenna hmanrua (PPE) bun ngei ngei tur a ni .
- I in chhunga humidifier leh AC system te chu fai leh dinhmun tha takah dah fo ang che.
- Pillow, mattress leh khum, hmul atanga siam hman loh tur.
- Ran vulh i neih chuan, a bik takin sava i neih chuan an kawngkhar chu fai takin vawng reng ang che. Thianghlim dawnin mask vuah tur a ni.
HP i vei tih hmuhchhuah tawh i nih chuan i doctor nen inbia la, i lung tihchhiat belh zel tur venna tur ruahmanna siam rawh. Damdawi te chu a hun takah ei thin ang che. In lama i tih theih thawk tur exercise chungchang zawt rawh.
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis (HP) hi allergy awm fo a ni lo. I lung a tichhe vek thei a ni.
- Hei hi a chhan ber chu i hnathawhna hmun emaw, in chhung emaw atanga thil lo chhuak, mold, bacteria, leh chemicals te hi i thawk chhuah vang a ni.
- I natna lan chhuah dan chu khuh chhunzawm zel, thawk harsa, emaw, hah lutuk emaw a nih chuan ngaihthah suh la , doctor pan nghal rawh .
- He natna enkawlna tha ber chu natna thlentu pumpelh vek hi a ni. Damdawi hmang chauha tihdamna famkim neih chu thil harsa tak a ni.
- Natna hi a hmaa hriatchhuah a nih chuan lungah chhiatna nasa tak a thlen hmain a thunun theih a ni.
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