I taksaa inbiakpawhna kalphung mak tak mai: Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) Axis chungchang hi i zir dawn nia.

Kan taksa hian inbiakpawhna kalphung mak tak tak, chu chu inzawmna kawng hrang hrang a nei tih i ngaihtuah ngai em? Telephone network ang mai a ni. Chutiang system bik pakhat chu HPA axis (Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) Axis) a ni. Hei hi kan taksa peng pawimawh tak a ni a , stress control na atan a pawimawh hle . Hemi chungchang hi chipchiar zawkin kan sawi dawn em ni? Eng nge ni a, engtin nge hna a thawh a, eng nge min tihsak?

He HPA axis hi eng thil nge a nih? Eng ang organ system-ah nge a awm?

A hming hi a buaithlak deuhin a lang thei, a dik em? Mahse a awlsam zawngin sawi ila, HPA axis hi kan taksa peng lian pathum inzawmkhawm a ni. An thawk dun a, team ang maiin an thawk dun a ni. An vai hian kan endocrine system , hormone siamtu system a ni. Neuroendocrine system , an ti bawk a, a chhan chu nervous system atanga stimuli dawngtu thisenah hormone a chhuah tir thin a ni.

Chuti a nih chuan, heng taksa peng pathumte hi engte nge ni?

• Hypothalamus: Hei hi i thluak chhung thuk takah control center tlemte ang mai a ni. I in chhunga main switch board ang maiin ngaihtuah rawh. I taksa lumna, riltam, i rilru put hmang, leh mut dan ang chi thilte chu a inthlau hle. Chu chu i autonomic nervous system direct-a nghawng emaw, hormone enkawl emaw hmangin a ti thei a ni.

• Pituitary gland: Hei hi thluak hnuaia awm, a hmaa kan sawi tawh hypothalamus hnuai chiaha awm, pea ang maia lian gland a ni bawk. Tê mah se, a hnathawh chu a lian hle. Kan taksa tana pawimawh tak hormone pawimawh tak tak a siam chhuak thin. Endocrine gland dang tam tak hnathawh pawh a control bawk. He pituitary gland hmalam, anterior pituitary an tih hi HPA axis nen a inzawm a ni.

• Adrenal glands: Hengte hi i kal (kidney) chungah a awm a, lukhum te tak te ang mai a ni. Gland te tak te pahnih, triangular ang maia awm an ni. Tin, hormone bik an siam bawk a, chu chuan kan taksaa hna pawimawh tam tak control turin a pui bawk. Heng adrenal glands pawn lam, adrenal cortex an tih hi HPA axis-ah hian a inrawlh a ni.

Hrethiam e? Heng pathumte hi HPA axis-a player langsar ber an ni.

Chuti a nih chuan, he HPA axis hian eng hna nge a thawh? Engvangin nge kan tan a pawimawh em em?

A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, HPA axis hnathawh ber leh pawimawh ber chu thisenah cortisol tih hormone siam chhuah leh chhuah hi a ni. He cortisol hi ‘stress hormone’ tiin i hre tawh mai thei. Steroid hormone class glucocorticoids an tih zingah a tel a ni .

Chuvangin, pressure, challenge, hlauhna, lungkhamna engemaw zat i nei (hei hi kan ti a niStressor i tawn chuan i taksa chuan HPA axis activate-in cortisol a chhuah tir a, chu chu hmachhawn turin a inbuatsaih nghal a ni. Hei hi automatic tak, instinctive process a ni.

Ngaihtuah teh, kawngpuiah i kal a, rang takin ui pakhatin a rawn tlan pel che a nih chuan i thinlung a thawk chak ang a, i taksa a thawk a, i thawk pawh a rang ang, a dik em? Chutiang hunah chuan he HPA axis hian chu emergency hmachhawn turin a buatsaih che a ni.

Tin, ‘fight-or-flight response’ tih hi i hre tawh em ? Hlauhawm kan hmuh hunah kan taksain indo (insual) emaw, tlanbo (tlân) emaw tura a inbuatsaih nghal dan a ni. Hei hi HPA axis nen pawh a inzawm tlat a, chubakah hormone adrenaline (epinephrine) nen pawh a inzawm tlat a, chu chu adrenal glands hmun dang atanga siam a ni.

Kan mihring taksa hi stress tawn leh chhan let thei tura duan a ni. Harsatna leh inthlak danglamna kan tawh hian kan taksa hian hun rei lote chhungin taksa leh rilru lamah pawh a insiamrem theih nan a chhang let thin. He stress response hi a chang chuan a tha hle. Min fimkhur reng a, hma la tûrin min chêttîr a, hlauhawm pumpelh tûrin min ṭanpui bawk. Mahse, chronic , a nih loh leh hun rei tak chhûnga lungkhamna chuan kan taksa a tichhe thei a ni.

HPA axis hian engtin nge hna a thawh? Engtin nge he hormone chain hian hna a thawh?

Hei hi chain reaction ang maia thil thleng a ni. Harsatna, hlauhna, a nih loh leh harsatna lian tak i nei thut mai ang u. Tichuan hei hi a lo thleng ta a ni:

1. Pakhatnaah chuan i autonomic nervous system chuan he thil buaithlak tak hi a hrechhuak a, i thluaka hypothalamus hnenah signal a thawn a, "Emergency! Act now!"

2. Chu signal chu a dawn chuan hypothalamus chuan thisenah hormone corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) an tih chu a chhuah tir a.

3. He CRH hormone hian thisen kal tlangin a kal a, anterior pituitary gland , "Okay, tunah chuan i turn a ni ta!" Chumi hnuah chuan pituitary gland chuan hormone dang adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) tih chu a tichhuak leh a.

4. A tawp berah chuan he ACTH hormone hi thisen kal tlanga kal a, adrenal cortex , kal chunga awm, "cortisol siam" turin a hrilh a ni.

Hmu? Step khat hnu step khata thleng, pakhat leh pakhat inzawmkhawm a ni.

Mahse, hei hi a thleng fo lo. A chhan chu a nih chuan kan taksa tan a tha lo ang. HPA axis hi negative feedback loop nalh tak atanga siam a ni.Chu chu thisen a cortisol level a mamawh zat a san chuan chu cortisol sang chu a kir leh a, hypothalamus leh pituitary gland te chu, "Enough, CRH leh ACTH siam kha titawp rawh," tiin signal a pe tihna a ni. Hei vang hian kan stress response hi control a ni a, a tul hunah chauh activate a ni a, a pangngaiah a kir leh thin.

Mahse, kan stress reng reng emaw, kan stress lutuk emaw, thil dang vang emaw hian he HPA axis hnathawh danah hian thil dik lo engemaw zat a awm thei a ni.

Eng dinhmun nge HPA axis hi nghawng? He system-ah hian harsatna a awm thei em?

Ni e, HPA axis hi a overactive thei a, mahse underactive a ni thei bawk.

HPA axis a thawk tha lo

Chronic stress kan neih reng hian he HPA axis hnathawh hi a tibuai thei a, taksaa cortisol level pawh a sang reng thei bawk Hetiang dinhmun hi HPA axis dysfunction tia sawi a ni tlangpui . Hetianga cortisol level sang reng reng hian hriselna lama harsatna hrang hrang a thlen theihna a tipung a ni. Entir nan:

• Immune system dysfunction: Natna vei awlsamna a sang a, taksa pum puiah inflammation a tipung a, autoimmune condition thenkhat (i.e., taksa immune system-in a cell a beih nana natna) a lo awm thei bawk.
• Rilru hriselna lama harsatna: Mood disorder (e.g., depression), anxiety disorder , leh post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) te a awm thei.
• Metabolic diseases: Diabetes Mellitus , thau lutuk , leh cancer chi thenkhat chuan a hlauhawmna a tipung thei.
• Cardiovascular diseases: Thisen sang leh thisen kalna kawng chhiatna ang chi thil.

Tin, zirchiangtute chuan HPA axis dysfunction hi hriatrengna hloh leh neurodegenerative conditions Alzheimer’s disease ang chi te nen a inzawm thei tih an hmuchhuak bawk. HPA axis dysfunction hi taksa lam ngaihdan buaithlak tak a ni. A chhan leh hriselna lama nghawng a neih dan zirchian mek a ni.

Hei hi enkawl dan tur a awm em?

Tun thleng hian HPA axis dysfunction target tur direct treatment a la awm lo. Mahse, zirchiangtute chuan damdawi lam dinhmun hrang hrang nena inzawm tir leh enkawlna siam chhuah tumin nasa takin hma an la mek a ni.

HPA axis tihtawp a ni

A lehlamah chuan a chang chuan HPA axis hi a thawk tha lo thei bawk. Hei hi an ti aHPA axis tihtawp a ni . Hetiang dinhmun hi a bik takin damdawi lam dinhmun thenkhat atan hun rei tak chhunga exogenously produced glucocorticoids , emaw corticosteroids (prednisolone ang chi) kan hman hian a thleng thei a ni.

Corticosteroid hmanna tur condition thenkhat chu engte nge ni?

• Asthma natna a ni
• COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) - chu chu lung natna rei tak a ni.
• Organ transplantation hnuah
• Cancer chi hrang hrang tan chuan
• Rheumatologic conditions (e.g. ruh natna) 1.1.
• Pain disorder thenkhat

Hetianga HPA axis tihtawp a nih chuan taksain cortisol a siam chhuah chu a tlahniam a ni. Hei hian taksain stress a chhan let theihna a tichak lo va, taksain natna a do theihna a ti tlem bawk. Cortisol level hniam hian natna kai fo, a chang chuan na tak, natna kai theihna a tipung a ni. A nasat lutuk chuan HPA axis tihtawp hian nunna atana hlauhawm emergency adrenal crisis tih a thlen thei a ni.

Mahse, mi zawng zawng hian corticosteroid ei avanga HPA axis suppression an nei vek dawn lo. Mahse, heng damdawi te hi i ei a nih chuan i doctor nen a side effect leh risk awm thei te sawipui a, hriat chian a pawimawh hle.

Engtin nge kan HPA axis hi kan hrisel theih ang?

Chuti a nih chuan, engtin nge he HPA axis hlu tak hi kan enkawl ang a, a hnathawh dan tur dik taka kan vawn reng ang? Dik tak chuan zirchiangtute chuan he HPA axis chungchang leh a venhimna atana kan tih theih dan tur hi an la zir nasa hle a ni. Mahse, tuna thil tha ber leh pawimawh ber chu stress control a, uluk taka enkawl hi a ni.

Kan nunah hian stress zawng zawng hi kan paih bo vek thei lo tih chu a chiang. Chu chu practical a ni lo. Mahse kan taksa a tihchhiatna chu tuar theih loh a nih loh nan kan tih tlem theih nan kan bei thei a ni.

I nitin nunah thil awlsam tak tak i belhchhah theih tur, a puih theih tur thenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni:

• Thil tih hahdamna siam tum rawh: Ni khatah minute engemaw zat meditation , yoga , thawk thûk taka exercise, leh taksa ruh tih hahdamna hmanrua ang chi thil tih tum ang che. Chûngte chuan i rilru a ti thlamuang ang.
• I taksa enkawl \ha rawh: Ei leh in \ha tak, inthlau tak ei rawh. Exercise neih fo thin ang che. Nitin mut tlem (a tlangpuiin darkar 7-8) mut thin ang che.
• Ngaihtuahna \ha vawng reng rawh: Engkim hi a \ha zawngin en rawh. I thil neihah lawmthu sawiin hlim takin awm rawh.
• I thunun theih loh thilte chu thlahthlam rawh:Khawvela thil awm zawng zawng hi kan thunun thei lo tih hrethiam rawh. I thlak danglam theih loh thil ngaihtuah leh lungkham reng reng hian awmzia a nei lo.
• ‘Ni lo’ tih hi thiam rawh: I buai em em a, i rilru hahna i neih tawh chuan mawhphurhna leh hna dang thawk suh la, stress tam zawk siam rawh.
• Nangmah thlawptu leh hlimna petu che mite nen hun hmang rawh: I rilru timuangtu, nuih tirtu che, rilru chakna petu che, leh a tul huna tanpuina tangkai tak tak pe theitu i thian tha leh chhungte nen hun tam zawk hmang rawh.

I lungkhamna i ngaihtuah a, i hmachhawn harsa tia i hriat chuan, i doctor emaw, hriselna lama mithiam rintlak tak emaw hnenah ṭanpuina leh kaihhruaina dil hreh suh.

A tawp berah chuan hriat reng tur pawimawh ber

Stress hi kan nunah eng emaw chen chu kan tawn vek a, mihring tawn zinga mi a ni. Vanneihthlak takin kan taksa hian chutiang hlauhawm leh harsatna hmachhawn tur leh hlauhawm laka min humhim turin HPA axis tih hming pu mechanism fing tak leh specialized tak a nei a ni.

Mahse, stress nasa lutuk emaw, rei tak emaw kan tawrh hian he HPA axis balance nalh tak hi a bo a, a hnathawh a tibuai a, hriselna lama harsatna hrang hrang a awm thei tih pawh kan hre reng tur a ni. Zirchiangtute chuan he HPA axis chhung leh pawn lam, chu chu a hnathawh zawng zawng hi thuk takin an la zirchiang mek a ni.

Chutih lai chuan kan tih theih ṭha ber chu a theih ang anga rilru hahna thlentu thilte aṭanga inthiarfihlim tum a, rilru hahna lo awm ṭhin chu enkawl hi a ni. I nun chu a buai lutuk nia i hriat a, tuar harsa i tih chuan doctor nen sawiho rawh. I tanpui tur leh kaihruai turin an inpeih reng a ni.

` HPA axis, stress, cortisol, hypothalamus, pituitary gland, adrenal glands, hormone te hi a awm a