I hriatrengna chu eng ang nge ni? Hun rei tak chhunga hriatrengna chungchang hi han sawi ila!

Hriatrengna kan nei vek a. Thil thenkhat chu rei lo te hnuah theihnghilh a ni a, mahse, kum tam tak hnuah pawh thil thenkhat chu kan hre reng thin. Chutiang chuan kan dam chhung zawnga kan hriatrengna awm reng chu kan sawi dawn a ni. Hei hi long-term memory kan tih chu a ni.

Hun rei tak chhunga hriatrengna chu eng nge ni?

A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, long-term memory hi kan thluaka hmun pakhat, archive lian tak ang mai a ni. I thil zir te, i thil tawn te, heng zawng zawng te hi a nghet taka i dahkhawm theihna hmun a ni. Mak tak mai chu, he storage-ah hian hmun engzat nge awm tih hi a tawp chin a awm lo! I duh ang zat information i dahkhawm thei a, kum tam tak chhung pawh nise, dam chhung zawng pawh nise.

Chuti a nih chuan, hei hi eng hna ber nge ni tih i hria em? Nitin kan hriat reng tur hun rei lote chhunga hriatrengna kan nei a, chu chu a bulpui nghet tak pek hi a ni. Chu chu, i hun rei lote chhunga i hriatrengnate chu he hun rei tak chhunga dahkhawmnaah hian a luh hnuah, chu hriatrengna chu engtik lai pawhin i la chhuak leh thei tihna a ni. Ngaihtuah teh, TV-a zawhna chhanna, i naupan laia i chenna in number, a nih loh leh nizan zanriah ei tur i ei kha, chutiang chuan thil i hre reng thin.

Hun rei tak chhunga hriatrengna chi hrang hrang a awm em?

Ni e, hun rei tak chhunga hriatrengna hi chi hnih lian tak a awm. Eng nge an nih i en ang u.

Declarative Memory emaw, Hriatrengna chiang tak emaw

Hei hi hriatna neia kan dahkhawmna memory chi khat a ni. Chu chu thil dik tak, thil thleng leh hmun ang chi thil tihna a ni. He memory store-ah hian thil thar i dah tel reng a, chu thil chu i mamawh hunah i hrechhuak leh thin. Sikul-a i zir chhuah emaw, i zinna i hriatrengna emaw, i ṭhiante in awmna hmun emaw kha han ngaihtuah teh.

He declarative memory-ah hian sub-part pahnih dang a awm leh a:

Semantic Memory tih hi a ni

Hei hian i chhehvel leh khawvel chungchanga i hriatrengna, hriatna tlangpui nena inzawmte a kawk a ni. Entirnan, he semantic memory avang hian ‘elephant hi rannung lian tak a ni’, ‘ice a vawt’, ‘Sri Lanka khawpui chu Sri Jayewardenepura Kotte a ni’ tih ang chi thilte i hre thin Hei hi i lu chhunga encyclopedia tlemte ang mai a ni.

Episodic Memory emaw, mahni chanchin hriatrengna emaw a ni

Chungte chu i mimal nunah thil thleng leh thil tawn nena inzawm hriatrengna a ni. A dik zawk chuan i nun chanchin thenkhat ang mai an ni. I piancham hmasa ber emaw, sikul kal ni hmasa ber emaw, exam i pass ni hlim tak emaw, thil lungchhiatthlak tak emaw pawh ni se, hengte hi he episodic memory (Episodic Memory emaw Autobiographical Memory) -ah hian a tel a ni. Mahni nun movie ang mai a ni! I thianpa nen in insual hmasak ber kha i hre reng em? Chu pawh chu hriatrengna chi khat a ni.

Nondeclarative Memory emaw, Implicit Memory emaw a ni thei

Hei hi a danglam deuh hlek a ni. Hetiang memory chi hi kan hriat chian loh khawpa kan dahkhawm a ni. Chu chu thil i zir a, tih dan i siam a, mahse i zir tih i hre tak tak lo tihna a ni. Mahse chu theihna chu engtik lai pawhin i hmang thei a ni.

I pheikhawk hrui khih dan tur te, bike khalh dan tur te, keyboard-a type dan tur te ngaihtuah rawh. Chûng thilte chu engtin nge i zir chiang tih chiang takin i hre lo mai thei. Mahse, i ti thei tho. Chu chu he nondeclarative memory (Nondeclarative Memory emaw Implicit Memory) -a thil awmte chu an ni. Hei hian sub-part dang pali a nei bawk. Chu chu i han en ve teh ang.

Procedural Memory a ni

Hei hi hna thenkhat thawh theihna tura puitu memory a ni. Chu chu thil felfai taka tih dan tur a ni. Hei hian executive skills, ruahmanna siam leh harsatna chinfel dan te, motor skills te, muscle coordination te a huam vek a ni. Entirnan, phone on dan te, coffee siam dan te, car khalh dan te.

Bike khalh i zir hmasak ber ni te kha han ngaihtuah teh. A tir lamah engtiang chiahin nge a harsat? I balance vawng reng, pedal khalh, handlebar vawn... Mahse rei vak lo hnuah chuan i hang mai mai. I sawi thei a, i chuang thei bawk. Chu theihna chu he procedural memory ah hian dah a ni .

Priming leh Perceptual Memory te a ni

Hemia thil thleng chu a hmaa i thil hmuh, i hriat, i tawn tawhte i hre reng a, chu chuan thu thar hriatthiam leh zir turin a pui che a ni. A awlsam zawngin, thil thar thlentu hriatrengna hlui ang mai a ni. Entirnan, a rawng sen i hmuh hian ‘stop’ tih chhinchhiahna i thlang thei a, a chhan chu chu chhinchhiahna pawh chu a sen a ni tih i hriat vang a ni. A nih loh leh, ‘chaw’ tih thumal i hriat hnua ‘chhang’ tih tawngkam i hmuh chuan i hre thuai thei a ni. A chhan chu i rilruah hian thumal pahnih inzawmna a awm tawh a ni.

Associative Learning emaw Classical Conditioning emaw a ni thei

Hei hi i hriatrengnaah thil pakhat chu thil dang nena inzawm tir chungchang a ni. Chu chu i hriat tawh thil chu thu thar nen i thlunzawm tihna a ni. Hei hian thil inzawmna siam a awlsam phah hle. History-a entirnan lar ber chu Pavlov-a ui experiment hi a ni. Chutah chuan, dar a rik chuan chaw pek a nih avangin, ui chuan a hnua bel ri a hriat chuan a hmui a ti chhuak ta a ni. Ui chuan chu aw chu ei tur nen a inzawm tir tawh a.

Nitin nun atanga entawn tur kan lak chuan, a chang chuan rim chi khat i rim hian i naupan lai atanga thil thleng pakhat chu i hrechhuak nghal mai thei. Hei hi a chhan chu chu rim leh chu thilthleng chu i rilruah a inzawm tlat vang a ni. A chang chuan sikul canteen rim i hriat hian i sikul kal lai kha i hre reng thin.

Nonassociative Zirna

Heta thil thleng hi hun kal zelah thil pakhat i chhân lêt dân i thlak danglam a ni. Chu chu i chhehvela thil awmte nen i insiamrem tihna a ni. Ngaihtuah teh, refrigerator thar i lei a, chu chuan thawm a siam reng a ni. A tirah chuan thawm chuan a tibuai hle mai thei che. Mahse, rei vak lo hnuah chuan thawm chu i thiam tawh a, chutah chuan chutiang chuan a tibuai lo che. Chutiang chuan hetah hian chhanna inthlak danglamna a thleng thin. A nih loh leh, kawngpui sira in pakhata cheng, a tir lama lirthei thawm ri hlau tak, mahse hun kal zelah a thiam tawh ang maiin.

Khawiah nge he hun rei tak chhunga hriatrengna hi dah a nih?

Okay, tunah chuan heng hun rei tak chhunga hriatrengna te hi khawiah nge kan thluaka siam leh dahkhawmna hi han en ila. Dik tak chuan, hriatrengna zawng zawng hi i thluak hmun hippocampus -ah a lo piang hmasa ber a ni. Hei hi i thluak temporal lobes-ah a awm a. Heng hmunte hi i lu sir lehlamah, i beng sir lehlamah, i hmui hnung lamah a awm a.

Mahse, hun rei tak chhunga hriatrengna chi hrang hrang hi thluak hmun hrang hranga nerve cell (neurons) inzawmkhawmna atanga siam a ni. Engtin nge:

• Associative learning memory: Hei hi amygdala leh cerebellum atanga siam a ni.
• Declarative memory: Hei atan hian hippocampus hi a pawimawh ber a ni.
• Episodic memory: Hetah hian hippocampus , temporal lobe, leh neocortex (or cerebral cortex) te chu an thawk dun a.
• Nonassociative learning memory: Hei hi reflex pathways hmanga thleng a ni a, a bik takin hippocampus -ah a thleng thin.
• Nondeclarative memory: Hei hian basal ganglia , cerebellum, leh amygdala thenkhat a huam a ni.
• Priming leh perceptual memory: Hei hi neocortex -ah a lo piang a ni.
• Procedural memory: Hei hi striatum , cerebellum, leh motor cortex (frontal lobe-a awm) te hian an pui thin.
• Semantic memory: Hei hi dahkhawmna atan hian Temporal Cortex (temporal lobe-a awm) leh Prefrontal Cortex (frontal lobe-a awm) te hi a pawimawh hle.

I hmu em, hriatrengna pakhat atan pawh thluak hmun hrang hrang chu an nihnain a inzawm tlat a ni. Team pakhat thawhhona ang mai a ni. Heng zawng zawng hi hrisel taka vawn hi kan hriatrengna atan a pawimawh hle.

Long-term memory hi eng chen nge a awm?

Hei hi thil mak tak a ni. Hun rei tak chhunga hriatrengna hian eng chen nge a daih tih hi hun bituk bik a awm lo . Thil tam takah chuan, hriatrengna ṭhenkhat chu kum tam tak, kum sâwm tam tak pawh a daih thei a ni. I dam chhung zawnga hriatrengna i nei ngei ang. I naupan lai atanga thil thleng pakhat kha han ngaihtuah teh, i la hre reng maithei, a dik em? Tin, zirlai pawimawh tak i zir chhuah, i hmangaih tak nena ni duhawm tak i hman dun kha... hengte hi theihnghilh theih loh ang maiin a lang, a dik em?

Mahse hei hi a ni. Hriatrengnate chu hun tiam nei lovin dah theih ni mah se, kan tar chhoh zel chuan, he thil dahkhawmna aṭanga hriatrengna lak chhuah emaw, hriatrengna emaw , chu a hma angin a thawk ṭha lo mai thei. A chhan chu kan tar deuh deuh hian kan thluak a slow deuh thin. Chuvangin, hriatrengna thenkhat hmuh nan hun rei vak lo a la ngai mai thei.

"Hriatrengna a bo vang a ni lo, chutiang lam panna kawng zawn a harsat deuh vang chauh a ni."

Tin, damdawi lam dinhmun ṭhenkhat , a nih loh leh taksa emaw rilru lama harsatna nasa tak thlengte chuan hriatrengna hloh emaw, hun rei tak chhûng hriatrengna hloh emaw a thlen thei bawk . Hriatrengna lama harsatna i neih chuan doctor nena inbiakna neih hi a tha ber ngei ang . Lungngai suh, thil pangngai a ni.

Engvangin nge hun rei tak chhunga hriatrengna hi kan tan a pawimawh em em?

Dik tak chuan, he hun rei tak hriatrengna hi i nihna hriatna atana pawimawh tak a ni . He thluak hmun atang hian information i la chhuak thei a, a tam zawkah chuan ngaihtuah lovin i la chhuak thei a ni. Nitin hna thawh tur, zing ha sil te, sam hrual te, coffee siam te ang chi hna thawk turin a pui che a ni.

I thluaka he database hi i pi leh pute piancham i hriatreng theihna chhan a ni a, bike i khalh thei a, i awmna state khawpui i hre reng thei bawk a, i thil zir zawng zawng, i thil tawn zawng zawng, i ngaihven zawng zawng, heng hriatrengna zawng zawng hi a inzawm khawm a, i mizia a siam chhuak vek a ni.

Chuvangin, i thluak tichhe thei hliam emaw, dinhmun emaw i neih chuan, hun rei tak chhunga i hriatrengna chu hlauhawmah a dah thei a ni. Tin, i tar chhoh zêl a pianphung inthlâk danglamna chuan i hriatrengna hriatrengna a nghawng thei bawk. Hriatrengna lama harsatna i neih chuan doctor biak pawh hlau ngai suh. An pui thei che a ni.

Thuhmahruai / Take Home Message

Okay, chuvangin vawiin a kan sawi tawh atang hian thil pawimawh tak tak i hriat reng tur thenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni:

• Long-Term Memory hi kan thluaka kan thil tawn leh kum tam tak chhunga kan thil zir tawhte kan dahkhawmna hmun ropui tak a ni a, dam chhung pawh ni se.
• Hei hi chi hnih a awm a, chungte chu Declarative Memory (hriatthiam taka kan hriat reng, e.g. thil dik tak, thil thleng) leh Nondeclarative Memory (hriat loh pawha kan zir chhuah, tih dan, e.g. bicycle khalh) te an ni.
• Thluak hmun hrang hrang, a bik takin hippocampus ang chi hmun hrang hrangte chuan heng hriatrengna zawng zawng hi an siam a, an dah khawm vek a ni.
• Kan tar chhoh zel chuan hriatrengna lakchhuahna kalphung chu a tlahniam thei a, mahse a tawp vek lo. Mahse, damdawi lam thil ṭhenkhat emaw, thil rapthlak tak emaw chuan hriatrengna a tichhe thei a ni.
• He hun rei tak chhunga hriatrengna hi i nitin nunah, i nihna atan a pawimawh hle. Chuvangin, i hriatrengna lama harsatna i neih chuan damdawi lam thurawn lak a pawimawh hle .

Chuvangin, i hriatrengna hi i nunah thil hlu ber ang mai a ni. Kan enkawl that hi kan mawhphurhna a ni. A chhan chu, kan hriatrengna hian kan nihna min siamtu a ni lawm ni?

` Hriatrengna, hun rei tak hriatrengna, thluak, hippocampus, hriatrengna chi hrang hrang, neuroscience, rilru hriselna