Hei hi colon cancer chi khat bik a ni: MSI-H chungchang hi i zir mai ang u! (Microsatellite Instability-Colon Cancer sang tak)

Tun hnaiah i rilru natna, i pum na, i bawlhhlawh chhunga thisen chhuak i hmu em? Heng symptoms te hi ngaihthah suh, thil pangngaiah ngaiin. Colon cancer chhinchhiahna an ni thei bawk. Vawiin hian colon cancer chi khat, a bik deuh deuh, mahse vannei deuh deuh pawh kan sawi dawn a ni. MSI-H tih a ni.

A awlsam zawngin, he MSI-H colon cancer hi eng nge ni?

Hei hi hrethiam tur chuan kan taksa cell chhunga DNA awmte hi han thlir hmasa ila. Kan DNA hi chain sei tak angin han ngaihtuah teh. He chain hian beads chi khat chu a bun leh fo thin. Heng DNA segment repeated te hi microsatellite an ti a.

Tunah chuan kan taksa cell te inthen darh a, cell thar a lo pian chuan he DNA chain copy hi siam a ni ta a ni. A chang chuan heng copy siam a nih hian tihsual (mutations) a awm thei. Mahse lungngai suh, kan taksa hian ‘police that finds mistakes’ ang chi system a nei a. Mismatch Repair (MMR) system tih a ni. Chu DNA copy-a tihsual awm leh awm loh a enfiah a, a siam ṭha nghal vek a ni.

Mahse, cancer cell thenkhatah chuan he MMR system hian hna a thawk tha lo hle. dMMR (deficient DNA Mismatch Repair) kan ti a. Tichuan, chu DNA copy-a tihsual awmte siamthat tur an awm loh avangin tihsual a pungkhawm a, DNA chu a nghet lo hle a ni. Chu chu microsatellite nghet lo tak takte dinhmun a ni a, chu chu MSI-H (Microsatellite Instability-High) kan ti a ni .

MSI-H cancer natna lan chhuahna awm thei te chu engte nge ni?

Symptoms hi a lang ngai lo mai thei a, mahse symptoms a lo lang a nih chuan typical colon cancer nen a inang tlangpui.

Pawimawh: Heng symptoms nei zawng zawng hian cancer an nei vek lo. Mahse , i ek chhungah thisen a awm emaw, i pum na lutuk emaw a nih chuan doctor pan nghal rawh. Kar hnih aia rei symptom dang a awm reng chuan doctor thurawn i lak ngei ngei tur a ni.

A châng chuan, he cancer chhinchhiahna hmasa ber chu thisen test-a red blood cell count (anemia) a tlahniam tih a ni. Hei hi intestine-a thisen chhuak vang a ni.

MSI-H cancer vei theihna chhan leh hlauhawmna

MSI-H cancer thlentu ber chu a hmaa kan sawi tawh MMR genes-a chhiatna awm vang a ni. Chûngte chu mi dam chhûngin a thleng fo va, chhan bik nei lovin.

Mahse colon cancer vei zinga 5% vel ah chuan he genetic defect hi thlah kal zelah a kal zel a ni. Hei hi Lynch syndrome kan ti a ni . I chhungkuaa mi pakhatin he natna hi a neih chuan colon cancer vei theihna i nei sang zawk bawk.

Tin, kan nun danah hian cancer vei theihna tipungtu thil a awm bawk.

Engtin nge natna hi kan hriat theih ang?

I doctor-in i symptoms aṭanga cancer a rinhlelh chuan test eng emaw zat a refer ang che.

1. Colonoscopy: Ka hnungzang kaltlangin flexible tube camera vuahin dahin colon pumpui enfiah a ni. Hetih lai hian rinhlelh awmna hmun atang hian tissue te tak te chu enfiah turin an la chhuak thin. Hei hi biopsy an ti a .

2. Molecular test: Biopsy atanga tissue sample lak atanga genetic change, i.e. MSI-H status hriat theih nan special test an nei thin. Chumi atan chuan IHC , PCR , leh NGS te ang chi technology te hman a ni.

3. Imaging test: CT leh MRI ang chi scan-ah cancer hi taksa peng dangah a darh tawh em tih hriat theih a ni.

MSI-H cancer enkawlna tur engte nge ni?

Enkawlna chu cancer stage leh a darh danah a innghat a ni. Enkawl dan tlangpui pahnih a awm.

Inzai

Cancer hi hmun dangah a darh lo a nih chuan a hmasa ber chu operation hmanga tumor lakchhuah a ni. Surgery chi hrang hrang hi cancer lian leh te a zirin a danglam thei.

Damdawi ei tur

Hei hi MSI-H cancer specificity a rawn lang chhuak a ni.

• Immunotherapy: Hei hi MSI-H cancer enkawlna atana pawimawh ber leh hlawhtling ber a ni.. Kan immune cells te hi ‘on’/‘off’ switch nei angin han ngaihtuah teh. Cancer cell te hian a chang chuan fing takin he switch hi an off a, kan taksa invenna atang hian an inthup thin. Immunotherapy damdawi (checkpoint inhibitor) te hian chu ‘off’ switch chu a on leh a, immune system chu cancer cell zawng chhuakin a tichhe thei a ni.
• Chemotherapy: Cancer cell thah nan damdawi chak tak pek. A châng chuan operation hma emaw, operation hnuah emaw hman ṭhin.
• Targeted Therapy: Cancer cells te tihpunna tura puitu protein emaw process bik emaw target leh titawp thei damdawi pek.

MSI-H cancer natna neia khawsa

Cancer enkawl lai hian taksa leh rilru hriselna tha neih a pawimawh hle.

• Diet: Surgery zawhah doctor thupek zawm la, ei leh in awlsam taka ei theih leh protein tamna ei tur a ni. Gas siamtu ei tur (e.g., cabbage, bean) leh sa processed te ei tlem hi a tha ber.
• Exercise: Exercise awlsam tak tak, i theih ang tawka kal ang chi hi i taksa leh rilru tan a hlawkpui hle thei a ni. Mahse exercise regimen eng pawh i tan hmain i doctor hnenah zawt hmasa phawt ang che.
• Rilru hriselna: Hetiang hun lai hian lungkhamna leh hlauhna awm hi thil pangngai a ni. I rilru put hmang chu chhungril lamah bottle-ah dah suh. I rintlak, i chhungte nen inbia la, a tul chuan rilru lam hriselna lama counselor hnenah tanpuina zawng rawh.