Kan taksaa electrical message chak taka thawn chhuaktu 'wire covering' - Myelin Sheath chungchang hi i zir chiang ang u.

I kut chet i duh lai hian engtin nge hetiang taka rang taka a lo awm thin tih hi i ngaihtuah ngai em? A nih loh leh thil lum tak kan khawih hnua kan kut kan hnungtawlh dan? Heng zawng zawng hi kan thluak atanga kan taksa peng dang, leh kan taksa peng hrang hrang atanga kan thluak thlenga electrical message chak tak tak, rintlak tak tak avanga thleng a ni. Chuvangin, kan nerve cell-te hian an chhehvelah ‘protective coating’ bik tak an nei a, chu chuan heng thuchahte hi chutiang taka rang tak leh harsatna awm lovin a kal theih nan a pui a ni. Chu chu Myelin Sheath kan tih chu a ni. Vawiin hian he myelin sheath mak tak mai hi kan sawi dawn a ni.

A awlsam zawngin, he myelin sheath hi eng nge ni?

Kan in chhunga electric chu wire pakhat chauh a ni ang tih han ngaihtuah teh. Chu wire chuan a chhehvel chu plastic khuhna a nei a. Engvangin nge chu chu? Pakhat chu wire tan venhimna a pe a ni. A dang pakhat chu electric chu a kalna tur hmun thlenga rang taka a kal theih nan a pui a, hmun dangah a leak lo.

Chutiang bawk chu myelin sheath-ah pawh a ni. Hei hi lipid leh protein hmanga siam special coating a ni . He myelin sheath hi kan neurons sei ber, thuchah kengtu ‘wire’ ber chu a khuh a ni. Hei hian nerve cell a humhim mai bakah electrical signal te chu rang tak leh tha takin a kal theih nan a pui bawk.

Nerve cell peng hrang hrangte hi tlem han hrethiam hmasa ila.

Hei hi hrethiam tur chuan neuron chu thing te tak te nen tehkhin ila. Tichuan hei hi awlsam takin i hre reng thei ang.

1. Cell body (Soma): Hei hi thing zung (root system) ang a ni. Thing zungte hian leia ei tur tha tak tak a hip ang bawkin, cell taksa zung ang chi dendrites -te hian a bul hnaia nerve cell dang atanga chemical message lo lutte chu an ‘absorb’ thin. Chumi hnuah chuan heng chemical message te hi electrical signal ah an chantir leh thin. Hemi hmunah hian cell nucleus pawh a awm bawk.

2. Axon: Hei hi thing hnah ang maia sei tak a ni. Thingkung zung atanga nutrient lo chhuakte chu a hnah chungah a kal ang bawkin, cell taksaa electrical signal lo chhuakte chu he axon-ah hian a kal a ni.

3. Axon Terminal: Hei hi thing hnah tawp lama hnah awm ang a ni. Chu buds atanga hnah leh pangpar lo chhuak ang bawkin axon terminal chuan chu electrical signal chu nerve cell dang hnenah a ‘release’ thin.

Hei hi message te chu nerve cell pakhat atanga nerve cell dangah an zuang chhuak thin. Relay intlansiak ang mai a ni. Hei hi kan thluak leh ruhro atanga kan taksa pum puiah thuchah a kal dan a ni. I kut ruhte chu a inzawm khawm a, i thawk a, i thinlung a na a, heng zawng zawng hi he inbiakpawhna mak tak hian a thunun a ni.

Myelin sheath hnathawh ber berte chu engte nge ni?

Kan sawi tawh ang khan myelin sheath hian hna pawimawh pathum a nei a.

• Security pek: electric ang bawkinWire-a plastic wrap ang bawkin, he thau leh proteins coating hian nerve cell axon tan venhimna tha tak a pe a ni.
• Speeding up: Hei hi a pawimawh ber a ni. Myelin sheath hian electrical signal te chu nerve cell pakhat atanga nerve cell dangah rang tak leh tha takin a kal thei a ni.
• Signal chakna vawn reng: Electrical signal chu axon-a a kal zel chuan a chak lo thei hle. Mahse, myelin sheath hian signal chakna chu tihtlem lovin a vawng reng thei a ni.

Myelin sheath a chhiat chuan eng nge thleng ang?

Kan taksaah hian nerve cell tluklehdingawn 100 vel zet a awm a, chu chu a kap reng a ni. Kan thiltih zawng zawng hi he thuchah inthlengna hian a thunun vek a ni. Chuvângin, heng nerve cell-te vêla myelin sheath hi a chhiat chuan eng nge thleng ang tih han ngaihtuah teh. Tichuan, chu electric signal chak tak takte chu zawi zawiin a kal ṭan ang a, a nih loh leh a tawp vek ang .

Hetianga chhiatna a thlen chhan ber chu keimahni taksa hriselna (immune system) ngeiin pawn lam atanga taksa tana chhiatna thlen thei thil a ni tih kan ngaihtuah sual vang a ni. Tichuan, kan immune cells te chuan myelin sheath chu an rawn bei tan ta a ni. He attack hian myelin chu a tichhia a ni. Hetiang kalphung hi demyelination kan ti a ni . Hun a kal zel a, myelin siamtu cell te pawh a chhe vek a. Chutiang chuan myelin sheath chhiatna hmun a zirin symptom hrang hrang kan nei thin.

Eng natna nge myelin sheath tichhe?

Myelin sheath tichhe thei natna tam tak a awm a. Chung zinga ṭhenkhat chu i hre tawh mai thei. Heng natnate hi chi hnih ah then ila: kan central nervous system (CNS), thluak leh ruhro (spinal cord) tichhe thei te, leh taksa nerve dang zawng zawng, peripheral nervous system (PNS) tibuaitu te hi.

Chhan dang vangin myelin hi a chhe thei em?

Awle. A chunga kan sawi tak natna bakah hian myelin sheath hi chhan dang engemaw zat avangin a chhe thei bawk.

• Stroke: Thluak lama thisen kal that loh vang a ni.
• Infection leh metabolic disorder: Infection thenkhat leh taksa chhunga chemical process lama harsatna awm vang a ni.
• Poisons: Toxin thenkhat ei.
• Vitamin B12 tlakchhamna: He vitamin hi myelin siam chhuahna atan a pawimawh hle.
• Damdawi chi thenkhat: Entirnan, damdawi ethambutol ang chi.
• Zu in tam lutuk: Hun rei tak zu in hian myelin tan pawh a pawi hle.

Tin, Tay-Sachs natna ang chi, a tlem em em, thlahtute atanga lo chhuak, myelin sheath hi a lo piang tha lo thei bawk.

Myelin chhiatna hi tihdanglam theih a ni em?

Hei hi mi zawng zawng tana zawhna pawimawh ber a ni. Thu lawmawm tak chu, a ni, myelin chhia chu siam ṭhat theih a ni . He siamthatna hi kan central leh peripheral nervous system-ah te a thleng thei a ni.

Hei atana pawimawh ber chu myelin tihchhiatna thlentu bulpui (underlying factors) control hi a ni. Entirnan, immune system hnathawh avanga inflammation control nan steroid ang chi damdawi pek a pawimawh hle a, immune system control thei damdawi dang (immune suppression/modulation treatment) hman a pawimawh hle bawk.

Tunah hian Scientist-te chuan myelin chhia siam that dan tur zirchianna nasa tak an nei mek a ni. Myelin siamthatna tur damdawi pawmpui awm lo mah se, zirchianna result-ah chuan nakin hun atan beiseina ropui tak a awm tih a lang.

• Research thenkhatah chuan allergy damdawi ``clemastine`` hian myelin siamthat theihna a nei tih hmuhchhuah a ni.
• Stem cell hmanga myelin siam thar theih leh theih loh zirchianna pawh kalpui mek a ni.
• Nervous system chhiatna nasa zawk laka humhim thei damdawi chungchangah pawh zirchianna kalpui mek a ni.

Chuvangin, he zirchianna hian nakin lawkah myelin chhiatna nei damlote tan enkawlna tha zawk neih theihna a awm tih a tilang a ni.