I kawngah hian hnim hring i nei nghal em? A hrehawm loh vangin i ngaihven vak lo pawh a ni mai thei. A nih loh leh i hnar a inkhar a, i beng a khat ang maiin i inhria reng em? Chûngte chu khawsik natna lan chhuahna a ni thei. Mahse, heng thilte hi a la awm reng a nih chuan tunlaia kan sawi tur cancer chi khat, lu leh kawr chhunga lo awm, a lan chhuahna a ni thei. Chipchiar tak leh awlsam takin sawi ila.
Nasopharyngeal Cancer hi eng nge ni?
A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, hei hi kan lu leh kan kawngah cancer chi khat, a tlem hle. A hming hi a buaithlak deuh a, mahse a awmna hmun i hriat veleh hriatthiam a awlsam tawh ang.
He cancer hi kan taksa peng pakhat `nasopharynx` an tih ah a lo awm thin. Tunah chuan `nasopharynx` chu eng nge ni tih i ngaihtuah mai thei. Ngaihtuah teh, kan hnar hnung lamah, chiang takin sawi ila, hmui chung lam deuhah chuan, luruh bul lamah hmun tlemte a awm a. Hnar leh kawr inzawmna hmun. Chu chu `nasopharynx` kan tih chu a ni. Kan hnar atanga kan thawh hian he hmun hi boruak a paltlang hmain lung chhungah a lut hmasa thin.
Chuvangin, he `Nasopharyngeal Cancer` hi `nasopharynx` part-a cell te chu a pangngai lo leh thunun theih loha an lo thang lian tan hian a ni. Chutianga cell lo thang lian te chu an inzawm khawm a, cancer tumor an siam thin. Heng cancer cell te hi a hnuah kan kawr, thin, lung leh ruh thlenga lymph node-ah te a darh thei a ni.
He cancer chi hrang hrang hi engte nge ni?
Kan `nasopharynx` ah hian tissue chi hrang hrang a awm a. Heng tissue te hi cell chi hrang hrang atanga siam an ni. Chuvangin he cancer hi cancer siamna cell chi hrang hrang a zirin classified a ni. World Health Organization (WHO) chhinchhiah dan chuan he cancer hi chi thum a awm a.
| Cancer chi hrang hrang (WHO classification) 1.1. | Hrilhfiahna awlsam tak |
|---|---|
| Keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma (WHO type 1) a ni a, a rilru a hah lutuk a, a rilru a buai em em bawk a. | Hei hian cancer cells chu nasopharynx line-a awm tissue-ah a lo piang chhuak thin. Heng cell-ah hian protein pakhat keratin an tih chu a awm a. Keratin hi kan sam leh nail-a protein awm ang chiah kha a ni. |
| Nonkeratinizing squamous cell carcinoma (WHO type 2) a ni a, a rilru a hah lutuk a, a rilru a buai em em bawk a. | Hetiang cancer cell-ah hian protein keratin a awm lo. |
| Carcinoma danglam lo emaw, danglamna tha lo emaw (WHO type 3) . | Microscope hmanga en chuan heng cancer cell chi hrang hrangte hi cell hrisel tak takte nen hian an lang danglam hle. Heng cancer cell chi hrang hrangte hi an thang lian thei a, an darh chak hle bawk. |
He cancer hi a awm fo em?
America ang ramah chuan hei hi a tlem hle. Mahse, he dinhmun hi Southeast Asia ram Sri Lanka, North Africa leh Middle East-ah te hmuh tur a tam zawk. Hei hi kan hriat chian a pawimawh hle a ni. A tlangpuiin he cancer hi thalai kum 15-24 inkar leh puitling kum 65-79 inkar ah a awm tam zawk thei.
He cancer natna lan chhuah dan hi engte nge ni?
Vawi tam tak chu he cancer vei miin a hriat hmasak ber chu a kawr hnunglam emaw, a sir lehlamah emaw a hring (lump) a ni. Heng lumps pakhat emaw a aia tam emaw pawh a awm thei. A pawimawh ber chu an natna nei lo an ni tlangpui. Heng lumps te hi cancer hian kawr chhunga lymph node-ah a darh a, chu chuan a ti hring chhuak thin.
Chu bakah chuan feature dang engemaw zat i ngaihven tur a awm bawk.
- Beng lama harsatna: Beng a ri (`Tinnitus`), hriatna hloh, beng a rit tih hriatna, leh beng natna a awm fo thin a, enkawl ni mahse a tha lo.
- Lu na: Lu na reng reng.
- Hnar lama harsatna: Hnar khar leh hnar thisen chhuak reng reng.
- Kawng leh hmai lama harsatna: Kawng hawn harsa, hmai na emaw, tingling emaw.
- Thâwk leh tawng harsa: A châng chuan thawk harsa emaw, tawng harsa emaw i nei thei.
A pawimawh ber chu heng symptoms te hi natna tenau dang (e.g., khawsik, beng natna) nen a inang fo thin. Chuvangin heng zinga pakhat emaw pahnih emaw i neih vang mai maia cancer i vei tih hlau suh. Mahse, heng symptoms te hi kar hnih aia rei a awm reng a nih chuan, emaw, a lo kal leh zel a nih chuan doctor pan a, thurawn lak a tha ber ngei ang.
He cancer vei theihna tur risk factors te chu engte nge ni?
He cancer hi eng nge a thlen tih chiang taka sawi theih ni lo mah se, .Doctor-te chuan he cancer vei theihna tipungtu thil engemaw zat an hmuchhuak a. Eng nge an nih i han thlir teh ang.
| Risk factor a ni | Hrilhfiahna |
|---|---|
| Meizial leh zu in | Meizial zu nasa emaw, zuk leh hmuam thil dang hmang emaw leh zu in nasa lutuk fo thinte chu an hlauhawmna a sang zawk. |
| Epstein-Barr hrik (EBV) hrik pai a ni. | Hei hi natna `mononucleosis` thlentu virus tho tho a ni. He hri hi `Nasopharyngeal Cancer` vei taksaah hmuh tur a awm tlangpui. |
| Ei leh in | Salt-cured foods ei fo hian a hlauhawmna a tipung a ni. Entirnan, sa leh sangha chi (salt-cured meat and fish) ei fo thinte chu an hlauhawm zawk a ni. |
| Environment lam thilte | Thingpui lem leh meikhu ang chi thila inhnamhnawih fo hian a hlauhawmna a tipung thei bawk. |
| Chhungkaw chanchin leh genetics | I chhungte hnai ber tu emaw chuan he cancer hi a vei tawh a nih chuan nang pawhin i vei theihna a sang deuh hlek a ni. |
| Hnam leh mipa leh hmeichhia | Southeast Asia, China khawthlang lam, Africa hmar lam ang chi hmuna chengte chu an hlauhawm zawk a ni. Tin, hmeichhia aiin mipa hian he cancer hi a let thum velin an vei tam zawk bawk. |
Engtin nge he cancer hi hmuhchhuah a nih?
Doctor i pan dawn chuan i natna lan chhuah dan leh chhungkaw chanchin a zawt hmasa ang che. Chumi hnuah taksa enfiahna kimchang a nei ang. I hnar, i lu, i kawng, i hmui, i hnar, i hmai ruh leh lymph node te chu a enfiah ang. I hriatna pawh a test thei bawk.
Chu bakah, heng test zinga pakhat emaw, a aia tam emaw hi a natna hriat chian nan tih theih a ni bawk:
- Epstein-Barr virus test: He cancer hi EBV virus nena inzawm a nih avangin i thisenah EBV awm zat tehna atan thisen test neih a ni ang.
- Biopsy: Hei hi a natna hriat chian nan test ber a ni. Hei hian nasopharynx rinhlelhna hmun atanga tissue te tak te tak tak lak a, microscope hmanga enfiah a, cancer cell awm leh awm loh enfiah a ni.
- CT scan (Computed Tomography scan): Hei hian tumor lian leh te leh a chhehvel tissue-ah a darh tawh leh tawh loh hriat theih a ni.
- MRI scan (Magnetic Resonance Imaging scan): Hei hian lu leh kawng nêm tak takte chu chiang zawkin a hmu thei a ni.
- PET scan (Positron Emission Tomography scan): He test hi taksa chhunga hmun hla dang dangah cancer a darh tawh em tih hriat nan a pawimawh hle.
Heng test result atang hian doctor chuan cancer stage a ruat thin.
Cancer natna hi eng stage nge ni?
Cancer stage chu tumor lian leh te, a awmna hmun leh cancer cell te inzar pharh dan a zirin a innghat a ni. Hei hi enkawl dan tur ruahmanna siam nan a pawimawh hle.
- Stage 0: Cancer hi nasopharynx chhunga cell layer-ah chauh a awm a.
- Stage 1: Cancer hi a hnai ber hmunah a darh tawh a, chu chu kawr hnunglam emaw, hnar kawngkhar emaw a ni.
- Stage 2: Cancer hi kawr sir khatah lymph node pakhat emaw a aia tam emaw ah a darh tawh a.
- Stage 3: Cancer hi kawr lehlamah lymph node-ah a darh tawh a.
- Stage 4: Cancer hi luruh, mit, thluak, salivary glands emaw, rilru hnuai lam panna nerve-ah a darh tawh a ni. A nih loh leh taksa peng hla tak tak, lung emaw, thin emaw thlengin a darh tawh a ni.
Hei hi eng enkawlna nge ni?
I enkawlna tur chu cancer stage leh i hriselna zawng zawngah a innghat ang. A hnuaia enkawlna te hi hman ber a ni:
- Radiation therapy: Cancer cell tihchhiat nan high-energy rays hman a ni. Hei hi he cancer chi hrang hrang enkawlna atana hman tlanglawn ber a ni.
- Chemotherapy hmanga enkawlna:Cancer cell tihhlumna tur damdawi pek. Hengte hi injection emaw, pill angin emaw pek theih a ni.
- Chemoradiation: Radiation therapy leh chemotherapy pahnih pek dun.
- Targeted therapy: Cancer cells te tihpun leh darh zel tura puitu molecule bik target tu damdawi pek.
- Surgery: Surgery hi enkawlna ber a ni lo tlangpui a, a chhan chu nasopharynx hi operation harsa tak a nih vang a ni. Mahse, surgery hmangin kawr chhunga lymph node, enkawlna dang dawng lote chu paih chhuah theih a ni.
Enkawlna hian side effect a nei thei. Entirnan, radiation therapy hian hmui a ti vawt a, a thlum a hloh thei bawk. Hengte chungchang hi i doctor nen in sawi dun thei a, enkawlna kawngah tanpuina i dil thei bawk.
He cancer hi tihdam theih a ni em? Damchhuah zat chu engzat nge ni?
He zawhna chhanna chu, a ni, a ti thei a ni. A bik takin a hmaa hriatchhuah a nih chuan, chu chu cancer chu taksa peng dangah a darh hma chuan a dam kim thei tihna a ni.
Survival rates chungchang kan sawi hian hengte hi statistics mai a ni tih kan hriat reng a ngai a ni. An ngaihthah tur a ni lo. I dinhmun hi thil tam tak a zirin a danglam thei.
- Cancer a darh loh chuan (local): Mi 100 zinga 82 vel chu an cancer chu nasopharynx-ah chauh a awm a, an hmuhchhuah atanga kum nga hnuah an dam thei ang.
- Hmun hnai (regional)-ah a darh tawh a nih chuan: Mi 100 zinga 72 vel chu an cancer hi a hnai ber hmun, a kawr chhunga lymph nodes ang chi-ah a darh tawh a, kum nga hnuah pawh an la dam tawh ang.
- Hla taka a darh tawh chuan (Metastatic): An cancer chu taksa peng hla tak tak, lung emaw, thin emaw-ah a darh tawh zingah hian mi 100 zinga 49 vel chu kum nga hnuah pawh an la dam tawh a ni.
A pawimawh ber chu heng statistics te hi damlo dangte thil tawn atanga averages chauh a ni. I dinhmun chu thil tam tak a zirin a inang lo thei a, chu chu i kum, i hriselna zawng zawng, leh enkawlna i dawn dan te hi a ni. Chuvângin, i dinhmun chungchânga thu ṭha ber hriat nân i doctor nên inbia ang che.
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- Nasopharyngeal cancer hi cancer hmuh tur awm lo tak a ni a, hnar hnung lam leh kawr chunglam atanga lo awm a ni.
- Kawngkhar natna nei lo, beng lama harsatna awm reng, hnar hrual, hnar thisen chhuak ang chi symptoms te chu fimkhur hle ang che.
- He cancer hi Southeast Asia ram Sri Lanka-ah te hmuh tur a awm fo.
- Meizial zu in, zu in tam lutuk, leh ei tur chi (salty and preserved foods) (dried tomato, pickles) in fo hian a hlauhawmna a tipung a ni.
- He cancer hi a hmaa hmuhchhuah a nih chuan a dam kim thei a ni.
- Ringhlelna i neih chuan tihkhawtlai suh la, doctor rawn nghal la, thurawn la rawh.
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