Bacteria infection chungchang hi kan hre fo thin. Mahse bacteria chi hrang hrang kan sawi vak lo, mahse hriselna lama harsatna engemaw zat a thlen thei a, a bik takin taksa hriselna chak lote tan chuan. Vawiin hian bacteria pawl pakhat, a tlangpuiin kan chhehvela awm, mahse a chang chuan kan taksaa lut a, natna hrik thlen thin chungchang kan sawi dawn a ni.
He NTM hi eng nge ni?
A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, NTM hi Nontuberculous Mycobacteria tih tawifelna a ni. Hei hi bacteria pawl pakhat a ni. Tuberculosis leh leprosy chungchang hi i hre tawh mai thei. NTM hi mycobacteria pawl a ni a, chutiang natna thlentu bacteria nen inzawm mahse chu natna pahnih chu a thlen lo.
Heng bacteria te hi boruak hmun dangah te pawh hmuh tur a awm vek. A bik takin lei, leivut leh tuiah te an cheng a ni. A tam zawkah chuan heng natna hrik te hi kan taksaah lut mah se, kan na lovang. Amaherawhchu, mi thenkhat, a bik takin immune system chak lote chuan an kai thei a ni.
NTM natna hian taksa peng engte nge a nghawng theih?
- Lungs: Infection chi khat chu lung infection a ni.
- Thisen
- Ruh (a tawi zawngin, ruh) .
- Lymph nodes (a hring) 1.1.
- Vun leh soft tissue te
A tam zawkah chuan mi hrisel, taksa hriselna tha tak nei chuan lung pawnah natna hrik a nei tlem hle. Amaherawhchu, taksa hriselna chak lo tak neiah chuan he natna hi taksa pum puiah a darh (a darh) thei a ni.
NTM natna lan chhuah dan chu engte nge ni?
NTM natna lan chhuah dan tlangpui engemaw zat a awm. Mahse, heng chhinchhiahnate hi natna dang tam takah pawh hmuh theih a nih avangin heng chhinchhiahna awm ringawt hian NTM infection a awm tih a tilang hauh lo.
A langsar zualte chu:
- Fever a lo thleng ta
- Chau
- Rihna tihtlem
- Lymph node a lo hring chhuak
Heng natna lan chhuah dan tlangpui bakah hian natna hrik awmna hmun a zirin natna chi hrang hrang dang pawh a lang thei bawk. Eng nge an nih i han thlir teh ang.
| Infection awmna hmun | Symptom bik hmuh tur awm thei |
|---|---|
| Vun | Natna, sen, hring, hliam emaw ulcer emaw, vun rawng. |
| Ruh leh ruh (Musculoskeletal) . | Joint na leh ruh nghet lo. |
| Chuap | Khuh (a chang chuan mucus-ah thisen awm), thawk harsa. |
Engtin nge he NTM infection hi a lo awm?
Kan sawi tawh ang khan he bacteria hi kan chhehvelah a awm a, chuvangin kan taksaah hian kan luh theih dan kawng hrang hrang a awm a.
- Tui hmanga: NTM bacteria awmna tui in emaw, inbual emaw, inbual emaw hmangin.
- Thâwk chhuahna hmangin: Environment-a bacteria awmte thawk chhuahna hmangin. He risk hi lung natna nei tawh tan chuan a sang hle.
- Damdawi hmanrua hmangin: Damdawi hmanrua thenkhat taksa chhunga dah (entir nan, central venous line ang chi tube) emaw, surgery hmanrua emaw hmangin.
- Through needles: Ruihhlo inject nan te, ruihhlo inject nan te, tattoo siam nan te hman thin needle bawlhhlawh hmangin.
A pawimawh ber chu heng natna hrik te hi taksaah an lut a, natna lanchhuahna a thlen theih nan hun rei tak a daih thei a ni. Chuvangin, khawi atanga i kai nge, engtin nge i kai tih chiang taka hriat a harsa thei hle.
Hei hi mi pakhat atanga kai theih a ni em?
No. NTM hri kai hi mi pakhat atanga mi dangah kai a tlem hle. Chuvangin natna hrik kai theih anga ngaih a ni lo.
Tu nge hlauhawm ber?
He bacteria hi kan chhehvel zawng zawngah awm mahse, kan damlo vek lo. Mahse, mi thenkhat chuan he natna hi an vei theihna chance a sang zawk.
| Risk factor a ni | Hrilhfiahna |
|---|---|
| Immune system a chak lo | HIV, cancer, emaw, i taksa hriselna tichak lo thei natna dang i neih chuan. |
| Immune tichhe thei damdawi | Immunosuppressive damdawi i ei a nih chuan. |
| Lung natna awm tawh | Lung natna cystic fibrosis, bronchiectasis, asthma emaw emphysema emaw i neih chuan. |
| Taksa chhunga device dah luh te | I taksaah tube i neih chuan (e.g. central venous line, thawkna tube, feeding tube). |
Tin, hmeichhia body mass index (BMI) hniam leh hriselna lama harsatna dang GERD (acid reflux disease) leh scoliosis nei te chu pulmonary NTM infection vei theihna a sang hle bawk.
Engtin nge hei hi i hmuh theih, Doctor?
NTM infection symptoms hi natna dang nen a inang avangin dik taka hriat theih nan test eng emaw zat neih a ngai a ni. Doctor chuan hengte hi a zawm ang:
1. I natna lan chhuah dan zawt: I lungawi lohna hriat tumin ngun takin kan ngaithla ang.
2. I hriselna chanchin enfiah: Natna dang i neih leh damdawi i ei mekte zawhfiah.
3. Natna dang telh loh: Infection tlanglawn dang emaw, damdawi lam thil dang emaw i neih loh nan fimkhur rawh.
4. Specialized test: Thisen, tissue sample, emaw sputum sample emaw chu laboratory test (`culture`) atan NTM bacteria zawng turin an thawn thin.
Diagnostic test te pawh a awm
- Chest X-ray neih a ni
- CT scan a ni
- Bronchoscopy: Camera nei tube te tak te chu lung chhungah enfiah turin an luhtir thin.
- Biopsy: Hri kai awmna hmun atanga tissue te tak te lak chhuah a, enfiah.
- Acid-fast bacilli test: Sputum, thisen emaw tissue sample-a mycobacteria hmuhchhuah.
NTM infection i neih leh neih loh hriat theihna awmchhun chu Doctor pan a, a tul anga test neih hi a ni. Hei hi nangmah chauhin i rel thei lo.
Hei hi eng enkawlna nge ni?
NTM infection enkawl hi hun rei tak chhunga tih tur a ni. Doctor te chuan antibiotics chi hnih emaw chi thum emaw inzawmkhawm an pe tlangpui . Heng damdawi te hi thla 12 chhung vel ei a ngai mai thei a, chu chuan natna chu a tifai vek thei a ni.
A then phei chuan tissue chhia chu paih chhuah nan operation neih a ngai thei bawk. Lung infection tan chuan thawkna exercise leh mucus clear pui thei tur treatment te pawh a tha hle.
Enkawlna hian side effect a nei em?
Awle. Antibiotics rei tak ei hian side effect engemaw zat a thlen thei. Chuvangin, damdawi ei lai hian natna lan chhuah dan danglam bik i neih chuan doctor hnenah i hrilh nghal tur a ni.
Side effect awm thei te:
- Hriatna lama harsatna nei
- Vision a danglam thin
- Lungphung dik lo (`Long QT syndrome`) .
- Liver emaw kidney emaw a chhiat phah
Engtikah nge damdawi lam thurawn i lak ang?
Lung natna i neih emaw, taksa hriselna chak lo emaw, operation i neih emaw, i taksaah damdawi hmanrua dah i nih chuan, i doctor hnenah infection chhinchhiahna awm thei te zawt rawh. Thil rinhlelh awm tak tak i neih chuan damdawi lam thurawn lak chu tihkhawtlai suh.
Engtikah nge Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ah i kal ang?
A hnuaia symptom na tak tak te hi i neih chuan damdawi in Emergency Department (ETU) ah kal nghal rawh.
| Symptom na tak a ni | Hrilhfiahna |
|---|---|
| Khawsik sang tak a nei | Khawsik hi 40 degree Celsius (103 Fahrenheit) aia sang a nih chuan. |
| Thâwk harsa na tak | Thâwk harsa lutuk a nih chuan. |
| A rilru a na | I rilru natna nasa tak i neih chuan. |
| Rilru tibuai | Memory lapse i neih chuan hmun emaw hun emaw hriatrengna tlakchhamna. |
| Hliam pakhata natna hrik awm | Surgery hmun emaw hliam emaw a sen, a hring, a na, a dam loh chuan. |
Engtin nge he hri kai lakah hian ka inven theih ang?
Lung natna emaw, taksa hriselna chak lo emaw i neih chuan NTM bacteria tamna hmunte chu pumpelh la, i hlauhawmna chu i tihziaawm thei a ni.
- Hot tub hman loh tur: a bik takin indoor, inkharkhip hmuna hman loh tur .
- Cold mist sprayer hman loh tur: Thlarau tui tak tak, thawk chhuah theih tur sprayer hman tlem tur.
- Lei hnathawhnaah fimkhur rawh: Face mask leh gloves vuah la, a bik takin potting soil hmanga hnathawh hunah.
- Tattoo siam loh tur: Thil bawlhhlawh hman avanga natna kai theihna a awm.
NTM hri kai hi a tlem hle. Mahse pakhat i hmuh chuan diagnosis leh treatment process hian hun a duh rei thei hle. Chuvangin dawhtheih a pawimawh. I damdawi chu i doctor-in a tih angin ei la, a hun chhung zawng. Enkawlna i neih chhunga i harsatna i tawh apiang chu i doctor hnenah hrilh rawh.
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- NTM hi mycobacteria chi khat a ni a, TB leh phar natna thlen lo, boruak (lei, tui)-ah a cheng a ni.
- Heng hri kai te hi mi pakhat atanga mi dang hnena kai theih a ni lo.
- Immune system chak lo leh lung natna nei te chu NTM infection an vei theihna a sang zawk.
- Khuh, khawsik, hahna, leh taksa rihna tlahniam te ang chi natna lanchhuahna a awm thei a, dik taka hriat theih nan medical test neih a pawimawh hle.
- Enkawlna atan chuan thla tam tak chhung antibiotics ei a ngai dawn a, damdawi lam thurawn zawm a pawimawh hle.
- Natna lanchhuahna na tak a awm chuan damdawi in Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU)-ah i kal nghal tur a ni.
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