Oropharyngeal Cancer: A natna lan chhuah dan te, a chhan te, a enkawl dan te hi a awlsam zawngin i zir ang u

I rilruah a chang chuan a na emaw, a hrual emaw tlem a awm mai thei, a dik em? A tlangpuiin chutiang thil chu ni hnih emaw ni thum emaw chhungin a bo thin. Mahse, i rilru natna emaw, i kawngah hnah te tak te, kar tam tak chhung a awm reng chuan thil pangngai a ni lo tih i ngaihtuah ngai em? Chutiang hunah chuan tlem kan fimkhur a ngai a ni. Vawiin hian hetiang symptoms atanga intan thei dinhmun kan sawi dawn a, mahse kan sawi tam lo hle a, chu chu cancer hi a ni a, chu chu kawr lai takah a awm a ni.

A awlsam zawngin, Oropharyngeal Cancer hi eng nge ni?

Hei hi scientific hming deuh a ni a, mahse hriatthiam a awlsam hle. I rilru, damdawi lama pharynx tia koh chu a lai lam a ni a, chu chu oropharynx kan ti a ni. A dik tak chuan he hmun hian i hmui hnunglam a huam a, chutah chuan i tonsils, i lei hnunglam leh i hmui nem tak te pawh a tel a ni. He hmuna cell te hi a pangngai lo leh thunun theih loha an lo thang tan chuan Oropharyngeal Cancer an ti thin.

Hei hi lu leh kawng cancer category-ah a tla a ni. He cancer hi enkawl dan tur awm mahse, a chang chuan enkawl zawh hnuah pawh a lo lang leh thei a ni. Chuvang chuan hei hi kan hriat chian a pawimawh hle a ni.

Heng symptoms te hi fimkhur rawh.

He cancer chhinchhiahna hi a chang chuan rilru natna tlangpui nen a inang thei a, chuvang chuan mi tam tak chuan a tir lamah an ngaihthah thin. Mahse heng symptoms te hi a awm reng a nih chuan doctor i pan ngei ngei tur a ni.

Engvangin nge he cancer hi a lo awm? A chhan berte chu engte nge ni?

He cancer thlentu lian ber ber eng emaw zat hmuhchhuah a ni tawh bawk.

1. Mihring natna hrik (HPV) .

Tunlaia Oropharyngeal Cancer thlentu ber leh tam ber chuHPV infection, a bik takin HPV type 16. He virus hi kan taksaa a luh hian a siam chhuah protein thenkhat hian kan ka leh kan kawr chhunga cell thang chakna control tu genes te hnathawh a tibuai thin. A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, he virus hian cell inthen darhna rate control tu ‘brake’ chu a off thin. Tichuan cell te chu thunun theih lohvin an inthen darh thei a, cancer tumor an lo ni ta a ni.

2. Zuk leh hmuam hman (Tobacco) .

Cigarette, cigar, leh zuk leh hmuam chewing te pawh hi he cancer thlentu lian ber a ni. Zuk leh hmuam-a chemical awmte hian i rilru chhunga cell nalh tak takte chu a tichhe vek a ni. Heng cell chhia te siamthat nan hian i taksa chuan cell te chu a tlangpui aia rang zawkin a inthen tan thin. Chutiang khawpa chaka cell-te an inthen chuan chu cell-te DNA copy-naah chuan tihsual a awm theihna a sang zawk a ni. Chutiang tihsualte chu cancer cells bul tanna a ni.

3. Zu ruih hi

Zu in hian kawr cell te a tichhe thei a ni. A bik takin zu hian cell-te DNA an chhiat hunah an siam that theihna a tichak lo hle. Meizial zu laia zu in chuan he cancer hi a vei theihna chance a sang hle. A chhan chu heng tih dan pahnih hi an inzawm khawm chuan cell-te chhiatna chu a let hnih emaw, a let thum emaw a pung a ni.

Engtin nge doctor hian he natna hi a hriat chian tak tak?

A chunga i sawi tak symptoms nei doctor i hmuh chuan i symptoms te, medical history te, leh i nunphung (meizial zu leh zu in ang chi) te a zawt hmasa ang che.

Tichuan, i hmui, i kawr leh i kawr chu uluk takin an enfiah ang. I kawngah hian lumps a awm leh awm loh enfiah a ni ang. A châng chuan, i hmuiah hian darthlalang leh êng te tak te, emaw, camera dahna tube te tak te, flexible tak (fiberoptic scope) emaw dahin i hmui chhung lam chu i hmu thei bawk.

Eng test nge tih thin?

Cancer symptoms leh initial examination hnua rinhlelh a nih chuan i doctor chuan test dang neih belh turin a refer ang che.

• Endoscopic Biopsy: Hei hi natna hriat chian nan test pawimawh ber a ni. Hetah hian tube te tak te, camera inbun (endoscope) chu kawchhung hnuai lamah an kal a, rinhlelhna hmun atang chuan tissue te tak te tak te an la chhuak thin. Chumi hnuah chuan laboratory-ah microscope hmangin tissue chu an enfiah a, cancer cell emaw HPV virus emaw a awm leh awm loh an enfiah a ni.
• CT scan (Computed Tomography Scan): He scan hian cancer natna lian leh te, a chhehvel tissue-a a darh leh darh loh hriat theih a ni. A chang chuan hei hi PET scan nen pawha tih theih a ni.
• MRI Scan (Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scan): Hei hian taksa peng nem tak tak, tonsils leh lei bul te thlalak chiang tak tak a siam thei a ni. MRI hian tumor lian leh te, a darh dan dik tak hriat theihna kawngah a pui hle.

Hei hi eng enkawlna nge ni?

He cancer enkawlna hi thil tam takah a innghat a, chung zingah chuan cancer stage, tumor lian leh te, damlo HPV status leh an hriselna zawng zawng te pawh a tel. Enkawlna tum ber chu cancer cells te chu paih vek a ni a, thusawi leh ei leh in theihna tihchhiat tlem ber a ni.

1. Surgery tih a ni

Cancer hi a te a, a darh lo a nih chuan surgery hmanga lakchhuah hi a enkawlna ber a ni. Tunah hian hemi atan hian transoral Robotic Surgery (TORS) tih hming pu, surgical technique hmasawn tak, minimally invasive surgical technique hman a ni.

Transoral Robotic Surgery (TORS) hi eng nge ni?

Hemiah hian surgeon chuan robotic arm a control a, damlo hmui chhungah a lut a, a rilru chhung thuk takah tumor awmte chu a paih chhuak thin. Hetiang hmang hian tun hma ang bawkin kawr chhungah incision lian tak siam emaw, jawbone cut emaw a ngai tawh lo.

2. Radiation Therapy leh Chemotherapy hmanga enkawlna

Tumor a lian a, surgery hmanga lakchhuah theih loh emaw, cancer a darh tawh emaw chuan radiation therapy leh chemotherapy hi hman dun emaw, a hranin emaw hman a ni.

• Surgery hma: Tumor te zawk leh surgery awlsam zawk nan.
• Operation hnuah: Cancer cell la awm zawng zawng tihchhiat nan.
• Enkawlna ber angin: operation tih theih lohna hmunah.

Heng enkawlnate hian kawr chhunga tissue hrisel tak takte pawh a tichhe thei a, chu chuan tawng leh ei harsa a thlen thei a ni. Speech therapist tanpuina i dil a ngai mai thei.

3. Targeted Therapy hman dan tur

Hei hi enkawlna thar tak a ni. Chu chu cancer cell-te ṭhanlenna, inṭhen darh leh darh zau zel tur leh a hnathawh dan tur tikhawlotu protein bik target-tu damdawi pek a ni. A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, cancer cell 'engine'-a kal 'oil' chu tihtawp ang mai a ni.

4. Immunotherapy hmanga enkawlna

Hei pawh hi enkawlna changkang tak a ni. Heta thil thleng chu i taksa ngeiin a taksa a natna dotu (immune system) a tichak a, chuta tang chuan cancer cells te hriatchhuah leh tichhe thei tura siam a ni. Cancer cell te hian kan immune system atang hian a chang chuan ‘hide’ an ti thin. He enkawlna hian a tih tur chu chu ‘mask’ chu paih chhuakin, immune cells te chuan cancer chu an hre thei ta a ni.

Enkawl hnuah eng nge thleng? Dam leh theihna chance engzat nge awm?

Oropharyngeal cancer hi enkawl theih a ni. Mahse, enkawl hnuah a lo lang leh theihna a awm. Chuvangin , follow-up visit neih fo hi a pawimawh hle.

Prognosis hi thil engemaw zat ah a innghat a:

• Hriat hmasak: Cancer dang ang bawkin hei hi hriatchhuah a nih thuai a, enkawl tan a nih poh leh dam leh theihna a sang zawk.
• HPV dinhmun: Mak tak maiin, HPV natna avanga he cancer vei te hi HPV tih loh thil dang, meizuk ang chi avanga cancer vei te aiin an dam rei zawk a ni.
• Meizial zuk loh: Enkawl lai leh enkawl hnua meizuk laka inthiarfihlim vek thinte chuan result tha zawk an nei thin.

He cancer hi dam khawchhuah theih nan eng nge kan tih ang?

He cancer hi 100%-a ven theih ni lo mah se, a hlauhawmna tihziaawmna tur thil tam tak kan tih theih a awm.

1. HPV hri kai loh tur: Tunah chuan HPV virus tan vaccine tha tak, HPV vaccine a awm ta. Kum naupan lai atanga he vaccine lak dan tur hi i doctor nen sawiho rawh.

2. Meizial zuk bansan vek rawh: Meizial zu mi i nih chuan vawiin hian bansan tum ang che. Ṭanpuina i mamawh chuan doctor thurawn la rawh.

3. Zu in tlem rawh: Zu i in a nih chuan a tlem berah tih tur a ni. Zu leh meizuk inkawp hi a hlauhawm hle.

4. Nunphung hrisel: Ei leh in inthlau tak ei leh exercise neih fo hian i taksa hriselna a tichak thei a ni.

5. Damdawi lam leh ha enkawl dan pangngai: Kum khatah vawi khat tal doctor leh dentist tlawh la, i hmui leh i kawr enfiah thin ang che. Hei hian inthlak danglamna eng pawh chu a hmain a hriat theih nan a pui thei che a ni.

Engtikah nge Doctor ka hmuh ang? ETU ah ka kal a ngai em?

Inenkawl zawhah doctor thupek leh follow-up appointment te uluk taka zawm a pawimawh hle.

Surgery i neih tawh a, a hnuaia symptoms te hi i lo neih chuan damdawi in Emergency Department (ETU) ah kal nghal tur a ni.

• Khawsik.
• Surgery neihna hmunah chuan a sen, a hring emaw, a na lutuk emaw.
• Surgery hliam atang hian pus ang chi tui a chhuak thin.