Kan taksaah thisen zam (blood clotting) a pawimawh zia hi i ngaihtuah ngai em? Hetiang kalphung avang hian hliam tenau a awm chuan thisen chhuah a tawp thin. Mahse, chhan awm lovin taksa chhungah thisen a inkhung a nih chuan engtin nge ni ang? Chu chu a hlauhawm deuh thei. Vawiin hian chutiang dinhmun chu kan sawi dawn a ni. Chu chu Protein S tlakchhamna, a nih loh leh `(Protein S tlakchhamna)` a ni.
A awlsam zawngin Protein S tlakchhamna hi eng nge ni?
Kan taksaa thisen zam (blood clotting process) hi traffic police officer-in traffic jam control-tu angin han ngaihtuah teh. Engkim tikhawtlai thei tur mi a awm a ngai a ni. Chutiang bawkin kan taksaa thisen zam (blood clotting) control tu protein pawimawh tak pakhat chu Protein S a ni.
Tunah chuan Protein S tlakchhamna hian kan taksaah "police officer" an tih emaw Protein S emaw kan mamawh aia tlem zawk kan nei tihna a ni. Chuti a nih chuan eng nge thleng? Thisen zawrh dan thunun tur an awm loh avangin a thawk nasa lutuk a, a tul lovah thisen zam a lo piang tan ta a ni.
Hetianga thisen zam lo awm hi ke ruh thuk takah a lo awm fo thin. Hei hi deep vein thrombosis (DVT) kan ti a ni. A chang chuan he thisen zam hi chuta tang chuan a inthen thei a, thisen nen chuan lungah a kal a, a tang thei bawk. Hei hi dinhmun hlauhawm zawk a ni. Pulmonary embolism (PE) kan ti a ni. A tlem berah chuan heng thisen zam hi thluak emaw, pum chhunga thisen zam emaw-ah pawh a lo awm thei bawk.
Mahse hetah hian thil pawimawh tak pakhat i hriat reng tur a awm. Chu chu, he Protein S tlakchhamna nei zawng zawng hian thisen zam an nei vek lo tihna a ni. Mi tam zawk chuan harsatna nei lovin nun pangngai an hmang thin.
Hetiang dinhmun hi engtiang chiahin nge a awm? Tin, engtikah nge risk a sang ber?
Protein S tlakchham hi a takah chuan thil awm lo tak a ni. A tam zawkah chuan hereditary a ni a, genetic a ni tihna a ni. Mahse pawn lam thil engemaw vang pawh a ni thei.
Hetiang dinhmun hi i neih chuan thisen zam (blood clots) i neih theihna tur dinhmun thenkhat a awm. Chutiang dinhmunte chu eng nge ni tih i han thlir teh ang.
| Risk tihpun theihna hun remchang | A sawifiahna awlsam tak |
|---|---|
| Naupai lai | Naupai lai hian taksa hormone inthlak danglamna leh thisen kal dan inthlak danglamna hian thisen zam (natural tendency) a tipung a ni. |
| Kum upa lam | Taksa hnathawh a tlahniam a, damdawi lam thil dang a lo thlen avangin kum upa lam a nih chuan a hlauhawmna a sang chho zel a ni. |
| Damdawi thenkhat | A bik takin birth control pill emaw hormone therapy dang emaw ei hian a hlauhawmna a tipung a ni. |
| Surgery neih mek a ni | Surgery lian tak i neih hnuah hun engemaw chen khumah i awm thei a, chu chuan thisen kal a tichhe thei a, thisen zam a siam thei bawk. |
| Lungchhiatthlak | Accident lian tak a thlen hnuah chuan a chhanna atan taksain a hmin duhna a pung thei a ni. |
| Hun rei tak chhung dinhmun inangah awm reng | Entirnan, thlawhna rei tak emaw, khumah natna emaw ang chi thilte hian kea thisen kal a ti tlem thei a, DVT a thlen thei bawk. |
Hetiang natna lan chhuah dan hi engte nge ni?
A tam zawkah chuan Protein S tlakchhamna nei chuan thisen zam a lo awm hma chuan symptom a nei lovang. Thisen zam a lo awm chuan a lan dan a zirin a lan dan a inang lo ang.
- I keah thisen zam (DVT) i neih chuan:
- Ke pakhat, a bik takin groin area a hring.
- Ke na emaw, a khauh emaw hriat.
- Ke vunah sen emaw, lumna hriatna emaw.
- Lung chhunga thisen zam (PE) i neih chuan (hei hi emergency a ni):
- Thâwk harsa nghal.
- A bik takin thawk lak hian rilru na a na hle.
- Thâwk rang leh chhan awm lovin heart rate sang.
- Luak chhuak emaw, hriatna hloh emaw.
- Thisen chhuak mucus chhuak.
- Naupai laiin: Nau pai emaw, harsatna dang emaw a awm thei.
- Naupang tê tê (a na ber berteah): Stroke ang chi a awm thei.
Engvangin nge he Protein S tlakchhamna hi a lo awm?
Hei hi chhan lian tak pahnih a awm a. Pakhat chu rochun (inherited) a ni a, pakhat chu acquired (acquired) a ni .
1. Thlawhna atanga lo chhuak
Hei hi a tam ber a ni. Kan taksaa Protein S siam chhuah hi PROS1 tih gene hian a thunun a ni. He gene ah hian mutation emaw change emaw a awm chuan Protein S siamchhuahna a tichhe thin.
- He mutated gene hi nu leh pa pakhat chauh atanga i rochun chuan Protein S tlakchhamna na lo tak i nei ang.
- Nu leh pa pahnih atanga he gene hi i rochun chuan , i tlakchhamna chi khat na tak i nei ang. Hei hi a tlem hle.
2. Pawn lam atanga lo chhuak
Damdawi lam thil emaw, thil awmdan thenkhatah pawh taksaah Protein S a tlahniam thei bawk. Hei hi thlahtute aiin a tam zawk.
| Pawn lam thil awm thei te |
|---|
| Liver natna |
| Kidney natna leh nephrotic syndrome te a awm bawk |
| Cancer natna damdawi chemotherapy a ni |
| Infection thenkhat |
| Vitamin K tlakchhamna |
| Naupai leh naupai venna pill hman |
Engtin nge hei hi i hmuh theih, Doctor?
I doctor chuan hei hi a ringhlel mai thei a, a bik takin hetiang thil thlengah hian:
- I chhungkuaa mi pakhatin thisen zam (Venous Thromboembolism) a neih fo tawh chuan.
- Thisen zam i neih nawn fo chuan .
- Kum 50 i tlin hmaa thisen zam i neih tawh chuan, a chhan chiang tak hriat lohvin .
- Thisen zam a awm lohna hmun danglam takah (thluak, intestines, liver ang chi) thisen zam a lo awm a nih chuan .
Hetiang rinhlelhna hi a lo awm a nih chuan doctor chuan a diagnosis tih finfiah nan a hnuaia mi ang hian a ti ang:
1. Thisen test: I thisenah Protein S level leh thisen zam kaihhnawih thil dangte endik a ni ang.
2. Taksa endik: Harsatna dang a awm leh awm loh enfiah nan taksa enfiahna kimchang neih a ni ang.
3. I damdawi lam chanchin: I damdawi lam dinhmun leh i chhungte dinhmun kan zawt ang che.
Engtin nge enkawl a nih?
Enkawl dan chu thisen zam i neih leh neih lohah a innghat a ni.
A pawimawh ber chu thisen test-in Protein S tlakchhamna i nei tih finfiah pawh ni se, thisen zam i la nei ngai lo a nih chuan damdawi ei chhunzawm a ngai lo mai thei.
Mahse, thisen zam (DVT emaw PE emaw) i neih tawh chuan i doctor chuan anticoagulants a pe tan ang che . Chûngte chuan thisen zam thar lo awm tûr chu a titawp a, thisen zam awm tawhte chu a lian lo tûrin a veng bawk. Damdawi chi hrang hrang hman tlanglawn ber berte chu:
- Heparin a ni
- Warfarin a ni
- Rivaroxaban a ni
- Apixaban a ni
- Dabigatran a ni
I hriat tur chu hetiang hi a ni: I doctor chuan ``Warfarin'' tih damdawi pek che a tum a nih chuan ni engemaw zat hmain ``Heparin'' tih damdawi (injection angin a tam zawk) a pe che a ngai dawn a ni. I tih loh chuan a chang chuan vun leh soft tissue-ah thisen zam (blood clots) an tih complication i nei thei bawk. Mahse he harsatna hi damdawi thar dangah a awm lo.
I enkawlna hi thla engemaw zat atanga i dam chhung zawng a ni thei a, chu chu i thisen zam a lo awm hun leh hlauhawm dangte a zirin a ni.
Thisen zam nei lo, mahse tlakchhamna nei te tan eng nge i tih?
Hetiang mite tana doctor thil tum chu thisen zam lo awm lo tura puih hi a ni.
- Thisen zam tipung thei damdawi, naupai venna damdawi ei lo turin fuih i ni mai thei.
- Operation i neih emaw, naupai emaw, accident avanga hun engemaw chen khumah i mut a nih chuan , chutiang hun chhung chauh atan chuan thisen tihthianghlimna hmanrua chu rei lo te atan hman i rawt mai thei.
Engtin nge ka in enkawl ang?
- Warfarin i ei a nih chuan: I INR chu a hun takah enfiah tir i ngai ang .Thisen test i neih a ngai dawn a ni. Hei hian `(Warfarin)` dose pek i nih leh nih loh a enfiah ang. A chhan chu he damdawi hi a hun hunah tihdanglam a ngai mai thei.
- Thisen tithianghlimtu i ei a nih chuan: Thisen chhuah loh nan fimkhur rawh. Thil hriam tak tak, chemte ang chi i hman hunah fimkhur hle ang che. Tothbrush nem tak leh electric razor hman a tha zawk.
- DVT leh PE natna lan chhuah dan hi fimkhur rawh: Ke na, rilru na, leh thawk hahna te a lo awm chuan i hre thei tur a ni.
Engtikah nge doctor ka hmuh ang a, ETU ah ka kal ang?
### Hengte hi i doctor call nghal rawh:
- Thisen tihthianghlimna damdawi i ei laiin i tlu emaw accident dang i neih leh chuan.
- Thisen chhuahna danglam tak a awm chuan (e.g. hnar thisen, zun emaw ek emaw-a thisen).
- DVT (ke chhunga thisen zam) i neih i rinhlelh chuan .
### Heng symptoms te hi i neih chuan Emergency Department (ETU) ah kal nghal rawh:
- Thisen tithianghlimtu i ei a thisen i luak emaw thisen i khuh emaw a nih chuan .
- I lu i vuak emaw rang taka lu na tak i neih chuan .
- Thisen chhuah tihtawp theih loh a awm chuan .
- PE (lung chhunga thisen zam) symptoms i neih nia i inhriat chuan (thâwk harsa, rilru na, thinlung na rang, luak chhuak).
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- Protein S tlakchhamna hi thisen zam chakna tipungtu a ni. Hei hi rochun a ni fo.
- Hetiang tlakchhamna nei zawng zawng hian thisen zam an nei vek lo. Mi tam zawk chuan harsatna an nei lo.
- Ke na, na (DVT) leh thawk hah thut leh rilru na (PE) te ang chi natna lanchhuahna te chu fimkhur fo ang che.
- Thisen tihthianghlimna damdawi an lo pe tawh che a nih chuan i doctor-in a tih ang chiah chiah, a dose dik takah, a hun takah ei tur a ni. Damdawi ei kha bansan ngai suh.
- A natna lan chhuah thut, hlauhawm tak a lo awm a nih chuan, damdawi lam thurawn zawng nghal emaw, Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) pan emaw hlau suh.
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