Mit enfiahna atana thil pawimawh tak: Retinoscopy chungchang i zir dawn teh ang.

Mit enfiahna i nei tawh em? A nih loh leh i fa te chu mit lam doctor hnenah i hruai tawh em? Chutih lai chuan ‘retinoscopy’ tih thumal hi i hre tawh mai thei. Hei hi a takah chuan mit enfiahna atana thil pawimawh tak a ni. Vawiin hian he retinoscopy hi eng nge a nih, eng nge a tih, a pawimawh zia kan sawi dawn nia.

Retinoscopy tih hi eng nge ni?

A awlsam zawngin, retinoscopy hi mit lam doctor-in i mit hmuhna, a nih loh leh i mit a refractive errors dik taka tehna atana a hman ṭhin test bik a ni. Chumi atan chuan kut zungtang bik leh light an hmang a ni. He êng hi i mit chhungah a lut a, chutah chuan i mit hnung lama retina chu a tawk a, chutah chuan a rawn lang leh ta a ni.

Tunlai hian mit endikna atana hmanraw thar tam tak awm mah se, he method retinoscopy an tih hi a la lar hle. Mit enfiahna pangngai (routine eye exam)-a tih a ni fo.

He method hi doctor hnena an harsatnate hrilh thei lote mit enfiahna atan a pawimawh zual hle. Ngaihtuah teh, engtin nge naute têin a thil hmuh dân chu a hrilh theih che?

Pawh:

• Naupang tê tê tak takte tan (pian tirh aṭang pawhin) .
• Doctor-in tawng a hman dan hrethiam lo leh tawng harsatna nei te tan
• Thinlung lama harsatna nei te tan
• Kum upat avanga thluak natna (e.g. dementia) nei te tan mittui tlakna tur mittui tlakna tur atana he test hi a pawimawh hle .

Thil dang chu, retinoscopy tih hming pu method bik hian i mit hian hlat zawng hrang hranga focus lama harsatna a neih leh neih loh a hriat theih bawk.

Engtin nge hei hian hna a thawh?

Okay, tunah chuan he retinoscopy test hian engtin nge hna a thawh tih kan en ang. I mit a êng a luh chuan mit chhunga mit (cornea) leh mit chhunga lens awmte a paltlang a, mit hnung lama retina a rawn deng a ni. Tichuan, êng chu darthlalang aṭanga êng a rawn chhuah ang bawkin a rawn lang leh ta a ni.

He reflected light hian i mit pupil chu a sen angin a lang a, a nih loh leh a eng chhuak thin. Doctor-te chuan hei hi `Fundus reflex` emaw `Red reflex` emaw an ti a. A chang chuan thlalak i lak hian i mit a sen a, chu chu a thleng thin tih i hre tawh mai thei.

A tlangpuiin mit enfiahna hian i mit hmuhna a teh ang a, chu chu 20/20 mit hmuhna i neih ṭhat dan a ni . 20/20 vision hi mit hrisel pahnihin chiang taka an hmuh theihna level a ni. Hetiang level of vision nei miah hian mit atanga light rays lo chhuak chu mit atanga a chhuah rualin parallel takin a awm tur a ni.

Mahse refractive error – nearsightedness, farsightedness, astigmatism i neih chuan heng light rays te hi bent an ni a, straight line-ah an chhuak lo. Chutih lai chuan mit lam doctor chuan retinoscopy hmangin eng lens nge heng light rays te hi parallel-a rawn chhuah tir ang tih a enfiah thin. Chu siamthatna chu i prescription chu a ni. Hrethiam e?

Retinoscopy hmangin eng dinhmun nge hriat theih?

He retinoscopy test hian mit natna dang thenkhat pawh a hriat theih nan a pui thei bawk. Entir nan:

• Amblyopia: Hei hi "lazy eye" an ti bawk. Mit pakhatin a dang aiin mit a hmuh tlem zawkna dinhmun a ni. A hmaa hmuhchhuah a nih chuan enkawl theih a ni.
• Presbyopia: Hei hi kum 40 chunglam mi tam takin an vei a , i hnaih ber thil chiang taka i hmuh theih loh, lehkhabu emaw chanchinbu emaw en emaw, needle thread emaw te hi i hmu thei lo.
• Strabismus: Hei hi cross-eye kan tih chu a ni. Mit chu kawng khata hawi lovin a sir hrang hranga hawi a nih hian a ni. Hei hi hriat vat a pawimawh bawk.

Test hmain eng nge beisei tur?

A tam zawkah chuan retinoscopy (a nih loh leh hei pawh telna mit exam kimchang) atana inbuatsaih nan thil bik tih a ngai lo. Mahse, ṭhenkhatah chuan thil tenawm tak tak i tih theih a awm thei. A awm chuan i mit doctor chuan exam hmain a hrilh ang che. Contact lens i vuah chuan i doctor pawhin exam hma eng chen nge i lak chhuah a ngaih tih a hrilh bawk ang che.

Routine retinoscopy i tih hmain i mit doctor chuan i mit ah special eye drop (cycloplegic medications) a dah ang. Heng damdawi te hian exam laiin i mit auto-focus tumna chu a titawp thin. An tih chuan doctor tan chuan i glasses zat dik tak hriat a harsa dawn a ni.

Mahse, doctor chuan dynamic retinoscopy tih special procedure a tih dawn a nih chuan heng drops te hi a hmain i hnawih lo vang a, a chhan chu test hi i mit natural taka a focus danah a innghat a ni.

Test neih chhung hian eng nge thleng?

Exam chhung hian room thim takah chair-ah i thu ang. Mit lam doctor chu i hmaah a thu ang. An hman tur instrument pakhat chu retinoscope a ni . Hei hi handheld device a ni a, flashlight chak tak leh magnifying glass inzawmkhawm ang mai a ni. I mit chhungah êng a êng thei a, a en ṭha thei bawk.

A dawta pawimawh ber chu lens size hrang hrang vuah a, i mit pupil-in a hmuh êng inthlak danglamna chu en a ni. Chutianga tih theih dan tlangpui pahnih a awm a, chungte chu:

• A phoropter: Hei hi butterfly ang maia siam a ni a, i hmai chungah a in fit a, i hmuh theih nan khur pahnih a awm bawk. Lens hrang hrang a nei a, chuvangin doctor chuan glass pahnih khat chu rang takin a fit thei a ni.
• Handheld lens: Hengte hi "lens card" angin a awm thei a, chu chu lens size tin chu flat sheet-ah glue a ni tihna a ni. A nih loh leh individual "loose" lens angin an lo kal thei bawk. Lens card atang hian lens hi rang taka thlak theih ni mahse, lens pakhat zel i hman hian lens pakhat zel i dah dawnin fimkhur hle a ngai a ni.

Doctor chuan he lens hmang hian i mit chhungah êng a rawn chhuah a, chu chu retinoscope an ti a, i mitmenga lo lang red reflex-a inthlak danglamna chiang tak an zawng thin. Heng inthlak danglamna te hi:

• Lens kal dan: Doctor chuan he lens hi a kal leh haw dan enin a size dik tak, a te lutuk, a lian lutuk tih a hre thei a ni.
• Angle of vision: He angle of vision hi doctor-in astigmatism (mit pianzia a inthlak danglam vanga mit a fiah lo) i neih leh neih loh hriat theihna tura puitu a ni.
• Lens hmel: I tana glasses dik tak i hmuh chuan he lens hmel pawh hi a danglam ang.

Doctor chuan lens hmanga i mit chhungah êng a rawn chhuah chuan, êng chu a chung leh a hnuai, vei leh ding, leh a sir lehlamah vawi engemaw zat an kalpui a. An hman thin lens te pawh an thlak danglam thin. Chutiang chuan vawi tam tak an ti a, a chanve vel chu retinoscope-a light siamrem nan emaw, note siam turin emaw an ding a ni.

Dynamic Retinoscopy tih hi eng nge ni?

Retinoscopy hi i mit enfiahna atana hmanraw bik a ni a, i hnaih ber thilte chu i hmu thei a, chu chu an ngaihtuahna fimkhur theihna tehna a ni. Hetianga hnaih taka ngaihtuahna seng theihna hi accommodation an ti a . Dynamic Retinoscopy hi mit lam doctor-in he theihna hi a test theih dan a ni.

I doctor hian Dynamic Retinoscopy hmangin i mit a focus theih dan a enfiah a nih chuan test hi a hma ang tho a ni a, mahse magnifying lens a hmang lo mai thei. Chu ai chuan i doctor chuan hlat zawng hrang hranga thil en turin a ti ang che. Thil thenkhat chu nang leh doctor inkarah a awm ang a, thenkhat erawh chu doctor hnung lamah a awm ang (mahse doctor sir emaw a kekawr bul atanga hmuh theih).

Heng thilte hi i en hian doctor chuan i mitmeng chhunga êng awm chu a retinoscope êng hmangin a en a. Eng kal dan chu doctor-in i mit a focus (accommodate) theihna hian hna a thawk tha em tih a hriat dan a ni.

Test zawhah eng nge beisei tur?

I doctor chuan i mitmeng (eye drops) (cycloplegic medications) hmangin i mit a tizau emaw, i mit a focus theih loh nan emaw a hmang a nih chuan test hnuah pawh i mit chu rei vak lo a zau zel ang. Heng damdawi te hi a chhe vek theih hun chhung hi a inang lo hle. Darkar tlemte a daih thei tlangpui. Hei hi eng chen nge a daih dawn tih i mit specialist chuan a hrilh ang che.

Hetih lai hian i mit a fiah deuh mai thei a, pawn lam pawh i sensitive thei bawk. Chuvangin i doctor chuan temporary sunglass (`sunshades`) i bun theih nan a pe thei che a ni. A chhan chu eye drops hian i iris te chu êng êng takah a tihtlem loh bakah i mit chhunga êng lut pawh a tihtlem avangin.

He test hi hlauhawmna a awm em?

Dik tak chuan retinoscopy hian hlauhawmna lian tham leh side effects a nei lo. Cycloplegic damdawi kan sawi tawhte hian side effect tenau te a nei thei a, mahse a tlangpuiin a tenau (e.g., mit sen deuh, mit a hring). Mi thenkhat, êng êng ( photophobia tia koh) laka sensitivity nei te chuan retinoscopy tih dan thenkhat chu a harsa deuh mai thei. Chutiang sensitivity i neih chuan i tih hmain mit doctor hnenah hrilh hmasa phawt ang che. I doctor nen pawh mittui tlak dan tur chungchanga zawhna emaw, ngaihtuahna emaw i neih chuan i sawi thei bawk.

Engtin nge result i hmuh theih?

Mit lam doctor chuan retinoscopy a tih zawh hnuah, i glasses atana i (or test a nih chuan i hmangaih tak ta) prescription, emaw vision prescription emaw chu a chhut ang. He prescription hi subjective refraction exam atanga prescription i hmuh nen a inang chiah a ni. I doctor chuan he prescription chungchang leh i tan eng nge a tihsak dawn tih zawng zawng a hrilhfiah vek ang.

Results-ah hian mit hmuhna pangngai (20/20) a lang lo a nih chuan engtin nge ni ang?

Results atanga i hmangaih tak emaw hian ``(20/20 vision)`` pangngai an nei lo tih a hriat chuan lungngai suh. I mit specialist chuan i mit hmuh dan siamthat dan tur a sawipui ang che.

Hei hi hetiang atan hian hman a ni fo thin:

• Eyeglasses a awm bawk
• Contact lens hmanga siam a ni

Mahse, mi thenkhat chuan doctor thurawn angin mit siamthatna surgery `LASIK` ang chi an nei thei a ni.

A tawi zawngin (Take-Home Message) .

Prescription tha tak chu suit, tehna atana siam leh i fit tawk ang mai a ni. Retinoscopy hmanga mit lam doctor chu tailor thiam tak ang mai a ni a, chu fit ṭha famkim siam tûr chuan stitch tin chu kut hmangin a sew ṭhin.

He technique, retinoscopy tia koh hi kum 150 chuang upa tawh mah se, mit enfiahna pangngaia hman tlanglawn tak a la ni reng a ni. Chuvangin, nangmah emaw, i hmangaih tak emaw tan pawh ni se, i mit enkawltu professional chuan i mamawh ang zela damdawi tha ber pe turin retinoscopy a hmang ang tih i chiang thei ang.

Chuvangin he thilah hian hlauh tur leh rinhlelh tur a awm lo. Hei hi i mit hriselna tehna pawimawh tak a ni.

Chuvangin a dawt leha mit enfiah tura i kal a, retinoscopy chungchang i zawh hunah chuan tunah chuan a pawimawhzia leh a tangkai zia i hre tawh ang!

` Retinoscopy, mit enfiahna, mit hmuhna, refractive errors, mit lam doctor, retina, mittui tlakna glasses