I fa chu hmun thenkhatah chuan a muang em? Selective Mutism tih a ni - sawi ila!

I fate chu in lamah a tawng thiam hle a, chawlhsan lovin lehkha a chhiar a, inkhelh lai pawhin a tawng nasa hle bawk. Mahse sikul an kal emaw, chhungte inah emaw, party-a an kal hian an hmui chu a reh vek niin a lang em? Miin thil a zawh chuan an lu an thing mai mai a, an tawng lo em ni? Hei hi zakzumna, emaw, rilru nana emaw, sawiselna tlemte chauh emaw niin i ngai mai thei. Mahse thil thuk zawk, hlauhna leh lungkhamna avanga rilru hriselna dinhmun a ni thei . Vawiin hian he dinhmun ‘Selective Mutism’ tih hi kan sawi dawn a ni.

Selective Mutism chu eng nge ni?

A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, Selective Mutism chu khawtlang dinhmun thenkhatah, i rilru hahdam lohna emaw, hlauhna emaw hmuna thusawi theih lohna a ni. Hei hi tumruhna a ni lo . I inhriat chian leh him nia inhriatna hmunah, in lama awm ang chiah hian harsatna awm lovin i tawng thei a ni. Mahse sikul ang chi hmunah emaw, mi hriat loh awmna hmunah emaw chuan i aw chu a tang tlat niin a lang.

Hei hi mi zakzum mai mai nen chuan a danglam hle. Selective mutism hi lungkhamna (anxiety disorder) a ni. Naupan lai atanga tan a ni fo a, kum 5 vel a ni a, preschooler leh first graders te pawhin an hre fo thin. Amaherawhchu, naupang zawk leh puitlingte pawh a nghawng thei a ni.

Hetiang dinhmun hi mipa aiin hmeichhiaah a tam zawk niin an sawi. Mahse chu chu khawtlang ngaihdan vang pawh a ni thei. Mahse, a dinhmun a tlem hle. Mi 100 zinga pakhat aia tlem lo a ni.

Selective mutism nei mi pakhatin eng symptoms nge a neih?

A hminga "selective" tih thumal hian hei hi thil thlan bikte chauha thleng thin a nih thu a tilang a ni . Chu chu i rilru hahdamna dinhmunah harsatna awm lovin i tawng thei tihna a ni. Mahse, i rilru hahdam lohna emaw, hlauhna emaw i hriatna hmunah chuan thusawi chu a harsa hle a, thil theih loh pawh a ni lo.

Heng symptoms te hi mi hrang hrangah a inang lo thei. Mi thenkhat chu tawng thei lo tak tak an ni a, thenkhat erawh chuan an tawng tlem hle a, a tlem hle thung.

Thusawi thei lo emaw, hnaih thei lo emaw dinhmun

Hei hian a theih ang anga thusawi pumpelh emaw, tihtawp vek emaw a huam a ni. Hetiang hian a lang thei:

• I tawng thei lo ang maiin i inhria. Hei hi hlauhna leh lungkham lutuk avanga i rilru a khauh vang a ni. Thusawi duh lo ang maiin lang mahse hei hi tumruh taka i tih a ni lo va, a thleng mai mai a ni.
• A taksa chu a tense a, lungin an deng ang maiin a lang. Sakeibaknei ênga man leh hlauthawng ang maiin.
• A hmaiah chuan blank expression a awm a .
• Mit inhnaih loh tur.
• Khawtlang inpawhna a pumpelh emaw a tel lo emaw . Ngaihtuah teh, zirtirtuin class-a thil a zawh hian he naupang hian khum a en a, naupang dangte chuan an chhang thung.
• An duhzawng thil an dil ngai lo. Entîr nân, zirtîrtu dîl lovin sikul-ah toilet-ah an kal thei a, an thawmhnaw hak laia thil eng emaw pawh an dil thei bawk.Tin , zun chhuah a ngai hun pawh a awm bawk .
• Thusawi (e.g., beih, tap) loh nan tumruh taka tibuaitu angin a che thin .

Thu hmanga inbiakpawhna (nonverbal communication).

• Thumal hmang lovin , mi zawng zawngin an hriatthiam theih tur aw an hmang a, chu chu "Uu huun" (yes) leh "Ah ah" (ni lo) ang chi te hi a ni.
• Thusawi loh nan thil an ziak chhuak a , lehkhabuah thil pakhat entir che ang chi thil an ti thin .
• Thusawi ai chuan kut zungtang leh hmel lan dan (e.g., lu nodding, pointing) a hmang thin .

Thusawi tlem emaw, tlem emaw sawi

• Chhanna hun a ni tawh.
• Thumal khat emaw pahnih emaw hmangin an chhang a , sentence tawi tak tak an hmang bawk.
• An muangchang a, an bengchheng a, a nih loh leh an tawng zawi hle a, an bengchheng hle bawk.
• Aw danglam tak hmanga thu a sawi (e.g., robot ang maia, emaw, an aw pangngai ri thlak danglamin).

Engvangin nge he selective mutism hi a lo awm?

Mithiamte chuan hei hi a chhan dik tak hi an la hre chiang lo hle a, mahse thil engemaw zatin hmun a chang thei niin an ngai.

Rilru hriselna lama harsatna dangte

Selective mutism hi rilru lam hriselna lama harsatna dangte nen pawh a inzawm tlat a ni. Hengte chauh hi a chhan a ni lo va, mahse heng natna nei te hian selective mutism an nei tam zawk.

• Social Anxiety Disorder: Hei hi selective mutism nei zingah a tam hle. Mithiamte chuan mi 75% leh 100% inkar hian an nei ve ve thei niin an sawi.
• Phobias: Thil chi hrang hrang hlauh lutuk.
• Lungkhamna dang.
• Autism Spectrum Disorder natna a ni.
• Separation Anxiety: Nu leh pa nena inthen hlauh lutuk.
• Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): Thil rapthlak tak thleng hnua rilru lama harsatna lo awm.

Chhungkaw chanchin emaw, genetic influence emaw

Chhungkaw hrang hrangah lungkhamna (anxiety disorder) a kal thei. Selective mutism nei chuan a chhungte hnai tak (nu leh pa, unaupa, naupang) chu he natna emaw, lungkhamna dang emaw nei a nei tam zawk.

Thusawi lama harsatna dangte

Naupang thenkhat chuan an thusawi dan tur an lungkham vang emaw, mi dangte thusawi hriatthiam harsat vang emaw (e.g., auditory processing disorders , zirlai tihkhawtlai) vangin selective mutism an nei thei.

Thusawi lama harsatna, thusawi thiam lohna (fluency disorders) vang pawh a ni thei bawk . Naupang ṭhenkhat chuan anmahni aw an duh loh vang emaw, an thusawi huna an ri dan tur an hlauh vang emaw chuan selective mutism an nei thei a ni.

Khawtlang nun (social factors) te

Khawtlang thil thenkhat chuan naupangte chu selective mutism an nei thei bawk.

• Midangte tihduhdahna.
• Thil rapthlak tak tak emaw, tihduhdahna emaw.
• Chhungkaw thil (e.g., in lama rilru lam, tawngkam emaw, taksa lama tihduhdahna).
• Ṭawng lian dang hmanna ram emaw, bial emawa insawn.

Selective mutism avanga harsatna awm thei te chu engte nge ni?

He dinhmun hian kawng hrang hrangin i nunah nghawng tha lo a nei thei a ni.

• Khawtlang nun awkwardness, mahni chauha awm emaw, inhlat taka awm emaw.
• Lungkhamna nena inzawm thil dang emaw, a lan chhuah dan emaw lo awm.
• Zirna lama hmalakna emaw hnathawh dan emaw a nghawng dan .

Engtin nge hei hi i diagnose?

Selective mutism hi rilru lam hriselna lama mithiam, rilru lam doctor emaw, rilru lam doctor emaw pawhin a hmuchhuak fo thin. Speech-Language Pathologist emaw Speech Therapist emaw pawhin natna dang paih chhuah leh diagnosis siam turin an pui thei bawk.

Doctor chuan he natna hi a natna lan chhuah dan leh a nungchang te enin a hmuchhuak thin. Nangmah (a nih loh leh i fate) chu heng thiltawnte leh chutianga ti thei thil dangte chungchângah zawhna an zawt ang che.

A tlangpuiin, i doctor chuan zawhna leh chhanna leh checklist hmangin he natna hi i nei em tih a hre thei ang. American Psychiatric Association-in DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition text revisionTM) -in a tarlan dan chuan, selective mutism i vei tih hriat theih nan heng tehfung pangate hi i tlin a ngai a ni:

1. Thusawi tura beiseina hmuna khawtlang dinhmunah thusawi loh reng reng, mahse hun danga thusawi erawh harsatna a awm lo.

2. Thusawi loh hian khawtlang nun, zirna, hnathawhna nun a nghawng .

3. Thusawi thiam lohna hi thla khat aia rei a daih.

4. Thusawi loh hi midangte tawng hman ber i thiam loh vang emaw, i hriatthiam theih loh vang emaw a ni lo.

5. Thusawi harsat hi thusawi lama harsatna dang, tawng thei lo ang chi avanga lo awm thei a ni lo . Tin, autism spectrum disorder , schizophrenia spectrum disorder, emaw, rilru lam natna dang emaw nen chauh a inzawm thei lo bawk.

Enkawlna a awm em? A dam kim thei ang em?

Enkawlna hmang hian natna lanchhuahna nasat dan leh a lo awm fo dan pawh a tlahniam thei a ni. Hriat hmasak leh enkawl hmasak a nih chuan mi thenkhat phei chuan an natna lan chhuah dan chu a reh vek thei bawk.

Enkawlna hman tlanglawn ber berte chu:

Rilru hriselna enkawlna

Rilru hriselna enkawlna (a bik takin Cognitive Behavioral Therapy emaw CBT emaw) .) hi a tlangpuiin enkawlna hman hmasak ber a ni. A rah chhuah tam bertu pawh a ni. Behavioral therapy hian selective mutism thlentu lungkhamna leh rilru hahna dangte hriatthiam leh hmachhawn turin a pui che a ni. Tin, chu natna nena inzawm thei thil tibuaitu thiltih (disruptive behaviors) te pawh control turin a pui bawk.

He therapy hmanga naupang enkawl hian an enkawltu (nu leh pa, enkawltu) te pawh tel tir a pawimawh hle. An thlawpna hi therapy hlawhtlinna atan a pawimawh hle.

Thusawi hmanga enkawlna (Speech Therapy) a ni

Speech therapy-ah hian thusawi thiam (speech therapist) nena thawhhona a tel a ni. Hei hi thusawi lama harsatna awm ruala selective mutism a awm hian a \angkai hle thei a ni.

Damdawi chi hrang hrang

Mental health therapy emaw talk therapy emaw chauh pawhin a thawk tha lo a nih chuan damdawi pawh enkawlnaah hian hman theih a ni.

Selective mutism damdawi hman tlanglawn ber chu SSRI (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors) te hi an ni. Hengte hi depression enkawlna atana hman ber ni mah se, selective mutism ang chi lungkhamna (anxiety disorders)-ah pawh a pui thei bawk. Damdawi dang pawhin a pui thei bawk. I doctor (or i fa doctor) chuan hengte hi a hrilh belh thei che a, i tana tha tur thlang turin a pui thei bawk che a ni.

Damdawi ei avanga side effect awm thei te chu doctor zawt la a tha ber.

Kei emaw ka fa emaw hian selective mutism kan neih chuan eng nge thleng ang?

Naupangin he natna hi a neih chuan an sikul hnathawh te, ṭhiante nena an inpawh dan te, leh ṭhian siam theihna te a nghawng thei a ni. A châng chuan, naupangte chu thil pawimawh tak takah pawh ngawi renga thlêm an ni thei.

Puitling anga selective mutism i neih chuan nghawng tha lo a nei chhunzawm zel thei. Thian siam leh inlaichinna (social, professional, romantic) siam a harsa thei hle. I zirna leh hnathawhna a nghawng thei bawk.

Mi tam tak tan chuan an kum upat deuh deuh chuan symptoms te hi a bo vek niin a lang. Mahse, a chang chuan symptoms a awm reng a, lungkhamna dang (a bik takin social anxiety) pawh a entawn thei bawk.

Hriat hmaa enkawl a nih chuan a rah a tha hle. Kum naupan lai atanga hriat chhuah leh enkawl a nih chuan mi tam zawk chuan he natna hi an paih chhuak thei a, an tuar thei a, an nung thei bawk. Tichuan an nunah nghawng lian tham a nei dawn lo.

Mahse, hriat loh leh enkawl loha dah a nih chuan a rah chhuah chu chutiang chuan a tha lo. Hei hi dinhmun hlauhawm tak a ni lo a, mahse a nghawng tha lo chu a nasa thei hle.

Selective mutism hi a veng thei ang em?

Vanduaithlak takin selective mutism hi a veng thei lo. Mithiamte chuan eng thil nge a thlen tih an hre chiang lo a, chuvangin a thlen theihna tur tihtlem dan tur a awm lo.

Ka fa hian selective mutism a neih chuan engtin nge ka puih theih ang?

I fain dinhmun engemaw takah a tawng lo a, "Sawi rawh, sawi rawh," i tih pawhin a tawng lo a nih chuan i lungawi lo mai thei. He lungngaihna hi i fain ṭap ang chi thusawi pumpelh a tum hian a nasa lehzual thei a ni.

Mahse, hriat reng tur pawimawh ber chu selective mutism hi rilru lam hriselna dinhmun a ni tih hi a ni. I fain a thunun theih thil a ni lo. Mahse, i fa dinhmun leh an natna lan chhuah dan i chhân lêt dân chu i thunun thei a ni.

Thil pawimawh tak tak i hriat reng theihte chu hetiang hi a ni:

• I fa chu nuam leh him takin awm tir rawh. Hlauhna emaw, lungkhamna emaw an neih theihna hmunah chuan nawr emaw, tlanpui emaw suh. He harsatna hi an hmaa sawi pawh a tha lo hle a, mualphona leh hlauhna nasa zawk a thlen thei a ni.
• Hlauhna leh lungkhamna tihtlem la, chutah chuan kal zel rawh. I fa chu a rilru hahdamna tûra a rilru put hmang sawi tûrin fuih ṭan la. A hmasain, zawi zawiin mipa inpawh tawnnate chu inhmelhriattir la, chutah chuan an inbiaknaah ṭanpui ang che.
• Dawhthei takin awm la, i fa chu inbiakna hun pe rawh. An aiawha i thusawi chuan thil tisual ang maiin an inhria mai thei. Chu chuan thusawi chungchânga an hlauhthawnna leh an lungkhamna chu hneh a harsat phah ang. An chhân hmaa ngaihtuah hmasak a ṭha tih hrethiam tûrin ṭanpui la, an hun hmang tûrin ṭanpui ang che.
• A thawhrimna hi fak rawh u. I fain thu a sawi chhuak a nih chuan, chu mi avang chuan fak rawh. A thil tih avanga lawmman (thu hmangin) pe rawh. Thusawi thiam takin awm tir rawh.
• Hremna hmanga fuih tum suh. Thu sawi loh chuan hrem an nih hlau naupangte chuan an hlau zawk dawn avangin tawng harsa an ti zawk mai thei.

Eng ang thil nge selective mutism "trigger"?

Selective mutism "triggers" tih hi hetiang natna vei mi pakhatin a tawng loh theihna chhan emaw, a chhan emaw a ni. Entirna tlanglawn thenkhat chu:

• Midangte chu an inhnaih em em ang maiin a lang a, an mimal ramri an luhchilh ang maiin a lang .
• Mi dangte chu ring taka thusawi leh nungchang mawi lo tak takte.
• Mi hriat loh, mi thar.
• Midang taksa pianphung, entirnan , mi sang tak tak leh hmel lian tak nei te.
• Mi dangte kut zungtang emaw, nungchang emaw, e.g., mi lungkham tak, ṭhian ṭha lo, emaw, kut zungtang ṭha lo anga langte .
• Mi tam zawk leh thawm tam zawk awmna hmun.
• Hriatrengna lungchhiatthlak tak tak nena inzawm hmunte.
• Ka la tlawh ngai loh hmunte.
• Thil thar tak tak, emaw, naupangin a hmaa hlawhtling lo thil a tawn tawhna dinhmun te.

Hengte hi trigger awm tam ber zinga tlemte chauh an ni. Mi thenkhat chuan hengte aiin trigger danglam, chiang zawk an nei thei. Trigger pawh hun kal zelah a danglam thei bawk.

Selective mutism hi autism chi khat a ni em?

Ni lo, Selective Mutism leh Autism Spectrum Disorder hi natna hrang hrang pahnih a ni. Mahse, autism vei te hian selective mutism an nei tam zawk.

A tawp berah chuan thil hriat reng tur (Take-Home Message) .

Selective mutism hi naupangin hlauhna emaw, lungkhamna emaw avanga tawng thei lo a ni. Sikul kum a\anga \an \an \hin mah se, \halai leh puitlingte pawh a nghawng thei a ni. Hetiang natna nei naupangte hi an rilru a na lo emaw, an chhang let lo emaw tih hi hriatthiam a pawimawh hle. Mahni thunun theih thil a ni lo bawk.

I fa hian selective mutism a nei thei nia i ngaih chuan an pediatrician emaw, healthcare professional dang emaw nen inbia ang che. Enkawlna tur a awm a, enkawl tan hma chuan a rah a tha zawk. I fuihna leh i thlawpna hmangin i fa chuan hlauhna emaw, lungkhamna emaw avanga a aw hloh lovin mahni thu sawi a zir thei a ni.

` Selective mutism, tawng lo, naupang rilru hriselna, lungkhamna, social phobia, tawng thiam lohna, naupang nungchang