"Heart attack" tih thumal hi kan hre fo tawh a ni lawm ni? Kan chhungte zinga pakhat emaw, kan thianpa emaw pawhin a nei tawh pawh a ni mai thei. Mahse, heart attack chi hrang hrang a awm tih i hria em? Vawiin hian type pakhat, tlem a serious zawk leh enkawl vat ngai kan sawi dawn a ni. Hei hi Doctor ten STEMI an ti a. Ngaihtuah buai suh, he thu hi awlsam takin sawi ila.
Heart disease risk
Check the risk of developing a heart disease within the next 10 years with the Framingham Score
Engvangin nge STEMI an tih? Eng nge a awmzia?
A awlsam zawngin, heart attack chu thinlunga thisen pe chhuaktu thisen kalna kawng (artery) chu a inkhar nghal a, chu chuan heart muscle-a thisen kal chu a titawp a ni. Damdawi lam hawi chuan hei hi Myocardial Infarction'' an ti a.
Tunah chuan STEMI tih hming hi engtin nge a lo awm tih kan en ang. Damdawi inah ECG lak i hmu tawh ngei ang. Chu chu thinlung electrical activity enfiahna test a ni. Hetah hian heartbeat chu line graph angin kan entir a. Wavy line ang mai a ni a, tlang emaw, slope emaw ang mai a ni.
He ECG-ah hian a bik takin a awm a, chu chu ST-segment'' an ti a. Mi hrisel takah chuan he hmun hi a tlangpuiin a flat thin. Mahse, heart-a thisen pe chhuaktu thisen kalna kawng lian tak chu a block vek a, chu chu heart attack na tak a awm chuan he ST segment hi a lo sang chho ta a ni. Tlâng tê tê ang maiin.
Hei hi ECG-a ST segment a sang avangin ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction an ti a. A tawi zawng chu STEMI tih a ni.
He ECG inthlak danglamna hi doctor tan chuan chhinchhiahna pawimawh tak a ni a, a chhan chu thinlung hmun zau tak hian thisen a dawng tlem hle tihna a ni a, chu thinlung hmun thenkhat chu a thi mek tihna a ni. Chumi awmzia chu enkawlna chu tan nghal a ngai tihna a ni a, minute khat pawh tikhawtlai lovin .
Engtin nge STEMI hi a lo awm? Taksa chhungah eng thil nge thleng?
A tam zawkah chuan hei hi plaque, thinlung thisen kalna (coronary arteries) chhunga thau leh cholesterol awmkhawm vang a ni. Tui pipe chhunga rust lo awm ang maiin han ngaihtuah teh.
Heng plaque te hi zawi zawiin an lian chho zel a. Ni khat chu heng plaque zinga pakhat hi a puak nghal thei a ni. Tichuan kan taksa chuan chutah chuan hliam a awm niin a ngai a. Chuvangin chu hliam chu tidam turin thisen zam a siam a ni. Mahse he thisen zam hi a lian nghal a, chu vein chu a block vek a ni.
Chutah chuan buaina tak tak chu a intan ta a ni.
1. Artery a inkhar kim vek chuan a atanga thisen dawng thin heart muscle cell te chu oxygen an tlachham thin. Hetiang dinhmun hi (ischemia) kan ti a.
2. Oxygen tel lo chuan heng sa chi hrang hrangte hi zawi zawiin an thi tan thin.
3. Hetianga thinlung hmun zau tak a fail chuan thinlung hian taksaah thisen a pump tling thei lo. Hei hian natna hlauhawm tak cardiogenic shock an tih chu a thlen thei a ni.
4. Tin, heart muscle chhia chuan thinlung electrical activity a tibuai thei a, chu chuan heart beating (cardiac arrest) a titawp nghal thei bawk.
STEMI hi a tlangpuiin heart attack na zawk a ni. Chuvang chuan symptoms a intan veleh damdawi in pan vat a pawimawh. Rang taka thisen kalna kawngkhar kha i hawng thei a, thisen kal dan tur i siam that theih chuan thinlung chhiatna chu nasa takin i tihtlem thei a ni.
STEMI leh NSTEMI hi eng nge an danglamna?
NSTEMI chungchang pawh i hre tawh mai thei. An pahnih inkarah hian danglamna pawimawh tak tak a awm.
| Mihring ziarang | STEMI (a chi na tak) 1.1. | NSTEMI (a na lo zawk chi) 1.1. |
|---|---|---|
| Thisen kalna kawng a block | Block vek a ni. Thisen kal chu a reh zo vek tawh. | A then chauh block a ni. Thisen kalna thenkhat chu a la awm reng a ni. |
| ECG thlak danglam | ST segment hi chiang takin a sang (ST-Elevation) a ni. | ST segment elevation a awm lo. Hrilhfiahna tenau dangte pawh hmuh tur a awm thei bawk. |
| Lung natna | A tlangpuiin chhiatna tam zawk a thleng thin. | A chhiatna hi a tlem hle. |
| Hriatchhuahna | ECG hmangin a hriat nghal theih. | Chu chu hriat chian nan chuan thisenah Troponin an tih enzyme pakhat zawn chhuahna test neih a ngai a ni. |
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Heart attack neih theihna tur risk factors hi chi hnih ah then theih a ni a, chungte chu kan thunun theih leh kan thunun theih loh te an ni.
| Risk factors kan siam danglam thei | Risk factor kan thlak danglam thei lo |
|---|---|
| 🚬 Meizial zuk: Hei hi hmelma lian ber a ni. | 👴 Kum: Kum upat rualin a hlauhawmna a sang chho zel. |
| 🍔 Cholesterol sang: Chaw thau leh thau tamna ei tur. | 👨 👩 👧 Chhungkaw chanchin: Nu leh pa, unau naupan lai atanga lung natna nei. |
| 🩺 Thisen sang: Thunun theih loh. | 🧍 ♂️ Gender: Mipa hi a tlangpuiin kum naupang zawkah an hlauhawm zawk. Hmeichhia hi menopause hnuah risk sang zawk an ni. |
| 🍬 Zunthlum: Thisen sugar level control loh. | 🧬 Genetic causes: Condition thenkhat hi rochun a ni. |
| ⚖️ Thau lutuk leh pum chhuak chhuak. | |
| 🏃 Exercise tlakchhamna leh thutthleng nunphung. | |
| 😥 Stress lutuk. |
Eng symptoms nge hriat theih?
Heart attack chhinchhiahna hi mi zawng zawng tan a inang vek lo a, mahse a lan chhuah dan tlangpui chu:
- Chest na emaw discomfort: Hei hi a symptom ber a ni. A rilru chhungril takah chuan tight, heavy, constricting sensation ang maiin a awm thei. He natna hi minute tlemte aia rei a daih thei.
- Hmun dangah natna darh: Chhung natna hi kut veilam, kut pahnih, kekawrte, kawr, hmui, hnungzang emaw, pum chunglam emaw thlengin a darh thei.
- Thâwk harsa: Thâwk harsa i ti thei a, rilru natna nei emaw nei lo emaw pawh a ni thei.
- Thawmhnaw: I vawt nghal mai thei a, i thawk hah tan mai thei.
- Nausea leh vomiting: Pum natna ang maiin a awm thei a, gastritis ang maiin a awm thei.
- Luak chhuak leh muhil: Luak chhuak leh ding thei lo anga inhriatna.
- Hlauhna nasa tak hriat: Chhan awm lovin hlauhna nasa tak, thih hlauhna pawh i nei thei.
Hmeichhia te tana mizia bik
Hmeichhia te hian a chang chuan rilru natna pangngai ang kha an hre lo thei. Chu ai chuan heng ang symptoms hi an nei thei zawk a ni.
- Chauhna danglam tak: Ni engemaw zat chhung chau lutuk tih hriat.
- Mu thei lo.
- Thâwk harsa.
- Hnunglam, kekawrte leh kekawrte na.
- Nausea leh luak chhuak.
A pawimawh ber chu, hetiang symptoms i neih chuan, "Hei hi gastritis a ni mai thei," tih mai mai suh , damdawi in Emergency Department (ETU)-ah kal nghal rawh.
Damdawi inah hian eng ang enkawlna nge tih thin?
STEMI-ah chuan nunna chhanhimna kawngah hian hun hi a pawimawh ber a, chuvangin enkawlna hi a rang hle.
1. Diagnosis nghal: ETU-a i rawn hruai veleh STEMI a nih leh nih loh finfiah nan ECG lak a ni.
2. Thisen zam tithianghlimtu damdawi: Damdawi in thenkhatah chuan thisen zam tang chu a hmin theih nan injection (thrombolysis) an pe thin.
3. Angioplasty leh stent dah (PCI): Hei hi STEMI enkawlna tha ber leh tunlai ber a ni. Hetah hian tube te tak te tak mai chu kut emaw ke emaw chhunga vein kaltlangin thinlung chhungah dahin thisen kalna kawngkhar (blocked artery)-ah dah a ni. Tichuan, tube tawp lama balloon te tak te chu an inflated a, chu chuan artery block chu a hawng a, chu hmunah chuan mesh ang chi stent an tih chu a block leh loh nan an dah a ni. Hei hi (Percutaneous Coronary Intervention - PCI) an ti a.
4. Bypass surgery (CABG Surgery): Thisen kalna kawng tam tak a block emaw, PCI a theih loh chuan thisen kalna kawng thar siam nan surgery neih a ni. Hei hi kawngpui khar paltlang tura ‘flyover’ thar siam ang a ni.
5. Damdawi dang: 1.1 .Heng enkawlna bakah hian damdawi engemaw zat, thisen tithianghlimtu (aspirin ang chi), cholesterol tihhniamna damdawi (statins), leh heart rate controlling drugs (beta-blockers) te chu i dam chhung zawng i ei a ngai dawn a ni.
Emergency a awm chuan engtin nge ka tih ang? 1990 hi ka call em? Nge car-in ka kal zawk?
Hei hi zawhna pawimawh tak a ni. Nangmah emaw, i hnaih ber tu emaw chuan heart attack symptoms a nei nia i rinhlelh chuan damdawi inah chuan lirthei khalh ngai suh. Mi dang khalh turin ngen ngai suh.
A tha ber chu ambulance service biak nghal mai hi a ni a, kum 1990 ang khan.
engvangin nge chu chu?
- Ambulance-a officer-te hi heng emergency chi hrang hrangah hian a bik takin training pek an ni. Damdawi ina hruai i nih lai hian enkawlna bulpui (oxygen ang chi) an pe tan thei a ni.
- Damdawi in ETU an hriattir lawk thei a, damlo chungchang chipchiar takin an pe thei bawk. Tichuan, i thlen hunah chuan doctor leh nurse te chu enkawl turin an inpeih tawh ang che. Chu chuan hun hlu tak a humhim a ni.
- Emergency, cardiac arrest ang chi a lo awm chuan ambulance hian a enkawl nan hmanraw mamawh (defibrillator ang chi) a nei a ni. In lama lirtheiah chuan chutiang chu i ti thei lo.
STEMI-ah chuan second tin hi a chhiar tel tih hre reng ang che. Chuvângin, thu tlûkna dik siam chuan nunna a chhanhim thei a ni.
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- STEMI hi heart attack chi khat na tak a ni a, chu chu heart-a thisen petu artery a block vek avanga lo awm a ni.
- A lan chhuah dan ber chu rilru lai takah natna nasa tak, thawk hah, leh thawk hah te hi a ni. Gastritis a nih avangin ngaihthah suh.
- Heng symptoms zinga pakhat tal i neih chuan ambulance ko la, damdawi in Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ah kal rawh.
- Hun hi a pawimawh ber a ni. Enkawlna hi tan thuai theih a nih chuan thinlung chhiatna nasa takin a tlahniam thei a ni.
- Hetiang dinhmun hi meizuk loh te, cholesterol, thisen sang leh zunthlum te control te, ei leh in hrisel ei te, exercise lak te hian a veng thei a ni. Hemi chungchang hi i doctor nen inbia fo ang che.
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