Cancer tih thumal kan hriat hian mi tam tak chuan hlauhna leh rilru hahna kan nei thin. Chu chu thil pangngai a ni. Mahse medical science hmasawnna avang hian cancer control leh nunphung tha zawk kan neih theih nan khawvelah enkawlna thar a lo chhuak ta a ni. Vawiin hian cancer cells te tihpunna tur target leh titawp thei damdawi class bik tak kan sawi dawn a ni. Chungte chu Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors, a tawi zawngin TKIs an ti a.
A awlsam zawngin, Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKI) hi eng nge ni?
Hengte hi damdawi chi khat "targeted therapies" an tih a ni. Hetiang hian han ngaihtuah teh: cancer damdawi pangngai (chemotherapy) hi indonaa bomb thlak ang a ni. Hmelma sipai (cancer cell) bakah keimahni mi sual nei lo (healthy cells) te pawh a that thei a ni. Mahse he targeted treatment TKI an tih hi sniper ang mai a ni. Target dik takin a en a, cancer cells chauh a tichhia a ni. Cell hrisel tak takte chhiatna hi a tlem hle.
Heng damdawi te hian cancer cell chhunga enzyme awmte block-in hna an thawk a, chu chuan an thanlenna leh an inthen darh chak hle. Heng damdawi te hian cancer hi a tidam kim lo mai thei a, mahse cancer control nan a pui thei a, long-term remission -ah a dah thei bawk , a nih loh leh cancer nen hian rei zawk leh hrisel zawka dam turin a pui thei bawk.
He damdawi hian taksa chhungah engtin nge hna a thawh?
Hei hi hrethiam tur chuan kan taksa chhunga cell awmte hi engtin nge an thunun dan hi han thlir ila. Kan cell inthen darh hi light on ang maiin han ngaihtuah teh.
1. Growth factors: Hengte hi light switch flip tu kut zungtang ang mai a ni. Cell te chu "tunah hian inthen darh" turin signal petu an ni.
2. Tyrosine kinases: Hengte hi light switch te an ni. I kut zungtang hmanga i flick on chuan ‘On’ an ni a, cell te chu an inthen tan ta a ni. Mamawh a bo tawh chuan ‘Off’ an ti leh thin.
Cell hrisel takah chuan he switch hian hna a thawk tha hle. A tul hunah 'On' a ni a, hna thawh zawh veleh 'Off' a ni bawk.
Mahse cancer cell thenkhatah chuan, a bik takin thisen cancer chi khat Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) -ah chuan he switch ‘Tyrosine kinase’ an tih hi a chhe vek a ni. ‘On’ a ni fo thin. Chu chu cell te hian "divide, divide, divide" tih signal an dawng reng tihna a ni. Chuvangin heng cancer cell te hi thunun theih lohvin an inthen darh a, ruhro chu a khat a, thisen cell hrisel siam chhuah chu a titawp a ni.
Chutah chuan TKI ruihhlo a rawn lut ta a ni. Heng damdawi te hian an tih chu chu switch chhe tawh, on reng reng chu tharum hmanga off tir hi a ni. Tichuan cancer cell te chuan inthen darh tura signal an hloh a, an thanlenna chu a tawp ta a ni. Chu kalphung chu engtiang chiahin nge a chiang tih i hrethiam em?
TKI damdawi hi eng cancer chi hrang hrangah nge hman?
Tunah chuan heng damdawi te hi cancer chi hrang hrang tan hman a ni ta. A hnuaia table hi en rawh.
| Cancer chi hrang hrang | A sawifiahna awlsam tak |
|---|---|
| HER2-positive hnute cancer a ni | Breast cancer chi khat, cell chung lamah protein HER2 an tih tam lutuk. |
| Lymphocytic leukemia natna rei tak awm thei | Thisen cancer zawi zawiin a lo thang lian a, thisen var chi khat a nghawng a ni. |
| Gastrointestinal stromal tumor te hi a awm a | Cancer chi khat hmuh tur awm lo tak a ni a, chaw ei kawng bang a awm thin. |
| Kidney cancer a ni | Kidney cell atanga tan cancer tan. |
| Lung cancer (Non-small cell lung cancer) 1. A rilru a hah lutuk chuan a rilru a buai em em a. | Lung cancer chi hrang hrang enkawl nan. |
| Vun cancer (Melanoma) a ni thei. | Vun cancer chi khat na tak, vun rawng petu cell-a lo awm thin. |
A pawimawh ber chu TKI damdawi zawng zawng hian cancer chi hrang hrang tan hna a thawk vek lo. I doctor chuan i cancer genetic makeup a zirin i tan targeted drug dik tak a thlang ang.
Heng damdawi te hian side effect a nei em?
Awle. Damdawi dang ang bawkin he damdawi hian side effect a nei thei a ni. Mahse hengte hi mi hrang hrangah leh i damdawi ei chi hrang hrangah a inang lo hle. Mi thenkhat chuan hrehawmna tenau chauh an nei thei a, thenkhat erawh chuan a na zawk an tawng thei thung.
Side effects hmuh fo thin thenkhat chu:
- Chauhna leh hahna: Hei hi a tam hle.
- Diarrhea: Chaw chhuak.
- Skin problems: Skin rashes, dryness, itching, etc. In rare cases , vun natna khirh tak tak Stevens-Johnson syndrome ang chi a awm thei.
- Nausea leh luak chhuak
- Thisen sang (hypertension) 1.1.
- Proteinuria a awm thin
- Weight loss emaw tihpun emaw
Pawimawh: He enkawlna hi i tan hmain i doctor chuan i damdawi dawn tur a nghawng dan tur chiang takin a sawi ang. Enkawl laia natna lanchhuahna thar emaw, lungawi lohna emaw i neih chuan doctor hriattir nghal a pawimawh hle.
Enkawlna a awlsam zawk nan eng nge kan tih theih ang?
Cancer enkawlna hi taksa leh rilru lamah pawh zinkawng harsa tak a ni. He zinkawng hi tlem a awlsam zawk nan thil tlemte i tih theih a awm.
- Chauhna atana tha ber chu chawlh hahdam hi a ni: I chau nia i hriat chuan thil pangngai a ni tih hrethiam rawh. A theih ang angin chawlh hahdam rawh. Nilengin mut rei vak lo pawh a tha.
- I ei leh in lamah fimkhur rawh: Mi thenkhat chuan ei duh loh vangin an thau an tlahniam thin. Mi dangte chu an thau chho thei bawk. Chutianga i hriat chuan nutritionist hnenah ṭanpuina zawng rawh . Chumi hnuah chuan i dinhmun nena inmil diet plan an siam thei ang.
- I ni chu ruahman rawh: Enkawlna hian i nitin nun a tidanglam thei hle. I doctor appointment leh damdawi ei tur appointment te chu calendar-ah chhinchhiahin thil inrual taka siam tum ang che.
- Palliative Care chungchang zir rawh: Hei hi mi tam takin an hriat loh thil a ni a, mahse a pawimawh hle. Palliative care hi enkawlna chi khat a ni a, cancer enkawlna bakah hian i natna nen hian nuam zawkin i nunpui thei a, natna, rilru hahna, hahna, leh enkawlna avanga side effects te chu a thunun thei a ni. Hemi chungchang hi doctor zawt rawh.
Hun a kal zel a, cancer cell thenkhat chu heng TKI damdawi te hi an do thei a, enkawlna an dawng tawh lo thei bawk. Hei hi ‘drug resistance’ an ti a. Chutiang hunah chuan i doctor chuan TKI damdawi dang emaw, enkawlna dang emaw hmangin a thlak thei che a ni. Chuvangin, enkawl lai hian doctor nen inbiak reng a pawimawh hle.
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs) hi damdawi hmasawn tak tak chi khat a ni a, cancer cells te thanna atana signaling system inrawlh chu target leh block thin a ni.
- Cancer tihdam vek ai chuan hengte hian natna hi a thunun thei a, damlote chu nun rei zawk leh nunphung tha zawk an neih theih nan a pui bawk.
- He enkawlna hi nitin pill ei angin pek a ni fo a, enkawl dan tur chu i doctor-in a ruat a ni.
- Side effect hi a awm thei a, mi hrang hrangah a inang lo. I harsatna awm apiang chu doctor nen sawiho nghal a pawimawh.
- TKI damdawi hi cancer enkawlna kawngah hmasawnna lian tak a ni a, damlo tam tak tan beiseina thar a pe a ni.
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