I hnute vel ah hian itchy, lumpy area i nei fo thin em? Mi tam tak chuan heng thu sawi hi an zak deuh thin a, chu chu thil pangngai a ni. Mahse heng symptoms te hi hriat chian leh ngaihthah loh hi i hriselna atan a pawimawh hle. Vawiin hian mi tam takin an hriat ngai loh dinhmun kan sawi dawn a, mahse hriat a pawimawh hle. Chu chu Anal Dysplasia a ni.
A awlsam zawngin, Anal Dysplasia chu eng nge ni?
Anal Dysplasia tih thumal i hriat hian hlau suh. Cancer a ni lo. Mahse, a awlsam zawngin, i hnute chhunga cell-a inthlak danglamna pangngai lo tak a ni. He inthlak danglamna hian nakin lawkah anal cancer vei theihna a tipung thei a ni. Chuvangin, cancer natna "precursor" emaw, "warning sign" emaw tia sawi theih a ni.
Bang pakhata hrual te tak te awm ang maiin han ngaihtuah teh. Chu crack chuan bang chu a chim tihna a ni lo. Mahse i ngaihven a, a tul anga hma i lak a ngai tih chhinchhiahna a ni. Chutiang thil pakhat chu Anal Dysplasia hi a ni.
Damdawi lam zirchiangtute chuan he natna thlentu ber chu Human Papillomavirus, a nih loh leh HPV virus chi thenkhat kan hriat vek a ni an ti. HIV vei te pawhin he natna hi an vei theihna chance a sang zawk a ni. A tha ber chu HPV vaccine lak leh HPV infection laka invenna hian Anal Dysplasia vei theihna nasa takin a tihziaawm thei a ni.
He dinhmun hian engtin nge taksa a nghawng?
Anal Dysplasia hi i hnute hnim hring (moist lining) atang hian a intan thin. Mucosa kan ti a. Hetiang dinhmunah hian he lining chhunga cell hrisel tak takte hi zawi zawiin cell pangngai loah an chang ta a ni. Heng cell pangngai lo te hi anus leh rectum inzawmna hmunah an lo piang fo thin. Mahse a chang chuan hnute pawn lam vunah (perianal skin) ah pawh an lo thang lian thei bawk.
A tam zawkah chuan he natna hian chhinchhiahna bik a nei lo a, mahse mi thenkhat chuan hetiang hi an tawng thei a:
- Anus vel a itching reng reng, tuar theih loh.
- I kut zungtang hmanga i khawih chuan hnah te tak te emaw, tumor emaw ang chi thil i chelh ang maiin a lang.
- Mi thenkhat chuan anus vel ah warts an nei thin. Heng warts te hi cancer a ni lo nain HPV infection symptom a ni.
Doctor-te chuan he natna hi Anal Intraepithelial Neoplasia (AIN) emaw Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions (SILs) emaw an ti a. A bik takin chi hnih ah then a ni. Microscope hmanga cell te enfiah atanga hriat theih a ni.
| Quality level (Grade) 100 a ni. | Hrilhfiahna awlsam tak |
|---|---|
| SIL (LSIL) grade hniam tak takte chu . (Risk level hniam) 1.1. | Hetiang dinhmunah hian cell pangngai lo chu cell hrisel nen an inang hle. He natna hi enkawl ngai lovin a mah chauhin a reh fo thin. Cancer-a lo awm theihna chance a tlem hle. |
| SIL (HSIL) grade sang tak a ni. (Risk level sang zawk) 1.1. | Hetiang dinhmunah hian cell te hi a pangngai lo tih a chiang hle. Hetiang dinhmun hi enkawl loh chuan a ṭhat a rinawm loh. Hun a kal zel a, enkawl loh chuan rectal cancer vei theihna a awm. |
A pawimawh ber chu low-grade (LSIL) hi cancer-ah a chang lo. Mahse, high-grade (HSIL) hi ngaihtuah tur a ni.
Tun hnaia zirchianna pakhatah chuan high-grade (HSIL) anal cancer vei zinga 3% leh 14% inkar velin an vei dawn tih hmuhchhuah a ni. Mahse, he hlauhawmna hi mi hrang hrangah a inang lo. Entirnan, HIV vei, anal dysplasia nei te chu cancer vei an tam zawk.
Anal Dysplasia vei theihna tur risk factors te chu engte nge ni?
Hetiang dinhmun lo awm theihna tipungtu thil engemaw zat a awm. Anni chu:
- HPV virus chi thenkhat kai: Hei hi a chhan ber a ni.
- Anal intercourse neih: Condom hman pawh nise HPV virus hi condom-in a khuh loh vun hmun atanga kai theihna a awm.
- HIV hrik kai a nih: HIV hian taksa invenna a tichak lo va, HPV hri kai a do theihna a ti tlem a ni.
- Meizial zuk: Cigarette-a chemical awmte hian taksa cell-te a tichhe a, cancer vei theihna a tipung a ni.
- Immune system chak lo: Damdawi thenkhat (e.g., organ transplant hnua damdawi pek) emaw autoimmune condition dang emaw avanga immune system chak lo nei te pawh an hlauhawm hle.
Engtin nge doctor hian he natna hi a hriat theih ang?
Heng symptoms te hi i neih chuan i doctor chuan he natna hi i nei em tih finfiah nan test thenkhat kalpui a duh mai thei. Hemi chungchangah hian zak leh hlauthawng suh. Hengte hi routine medical test a ni.
| Test dan tur | A awlsam zawngin, hei hi engtin nge i tih? |
|---|---|
| Digital Rectal Examination neih a ni | Doctor chuan gloved finger hmangin i rectum a enfiah ang a, lumps emaw bumps emaw a awm leh awm loh a enfiah ang. |
| Anal Pap Smear hmanga tihfai a ni | Pap test nen a inang a, hei hi cervical cancer screen na atan hman a ni. Rectum chhungah swab dahin cell sample lak a ni a, chu chu microscope hmangin cell pangngai lo a awm leh awm loh enfiah a ni. |
| Anoscopy hmanga enfiah a ni | Tube ang chi instrument te tak te (anoscope) chu hnute chhungah dahin a chhunga tissue awmte chu thil dik lo awm leh awm loh en nghal turin an dah a ni. A châng chuan special fluid hmangin cell pangngai lo awmna hmun chu chiang taka hmuh theih turin an siam ṭhin (High-Resolution Anoscopy). |
| Biopsy tih a ni | Cell pangngai lo rinhlelhna a awm chuan chu hmun atang chuan tissue te tak te chu la chhuakin lab-ah test turin an thawn thin. Hei hi Anal Dysplasia nge cancer a nih leh nih loh 100% a finfiah theihna awmchhun a ni. |
| CT Scan hmanga tih a ni | Test-in cancer a finfiah chauhvin he test hi taksa peng dangah a darh tawh em tih hriat nan tih a ni. |
Hei hi eng enkawlna nge ni?
Enkawl dan chu eng level nge dysplasia i neih (low-grade emaw high-grade emaw) ah a innghat.
- Low-grade (LSIL): A tam zawkah chuan doctor chuan a natna chu a enkawl lo vang a, rei lo te chhung chu a enkawl mai ang a, hengte hi anmahniin an reh fo thin avangin.
- High-grade (HSIL): Hei hi nakin lawkah cancer thlen thei tur a nih avangin cell pangngai lote paih chhuah nan enkawl a ngai a ni. Chutianga tih theih dan kawng hrang hrang a awm.
I doctor chuan i tana tha ber leh side effect tlem ber nei damdawi chu a thlang ang. Uluk takin a hrilhfiah ang che. Hlauh tur a awm lo. Enkawl dan tur thenkhat chu:
- Laser Treatment: Laser beam hmanga tissue pangngai lo cell awmna tihchhiat.
- Electrocautery (EC): Electrical hmanrua hmanga cell pangngai lo paih chhuah.
- TCA (Trichloroacetic acid): Acid chi khat bik chu cotton ball-ah dahin, cell pangngai lo awmna hmunah hnawih a, a tichhia a ni.
- Surgery: A then phei chuan tissue pangngai lo awmna hmun chu surgery hmangin lakchhuah a ni.
A hlauhawmna tihziaawmna turin eng nge kan tih theih ang?
Hetiang natna laka invenna tha ber leh tangkai ber chu a thlentu HPV virus laka inven hi a ni. Chutiang ti tur chuan thil engemaw zat tih theih a awm a:
- HPV vaccine lak dan: Hei hi HPV infection laka invenna tha ber a ni. Vaccine lak hian anal dysplasia leh HPV kaihhnawih cancer dang, cervical cancer te lakah pawh a veng thei bawk.
- Mipat hmeichhiatna hman dan him zawk: Sex hman apianga condom dik taka hman hian mipat hmeichhiatna hmanga kai theih natna, HPV telin kai theihna a ti tlem thei a ni.
- Mipat hmeichhiatna hmanpui zat tihtlem: HPV kai theihna hi kawppui tam dan azirin a pung chho zel a ni.
- Meizial zuk loh: Meizial i zuk chuan i hriselna zawng zawng atan leh he hlauhawmna tihziaawmna atan hian bânsan hi a pawimawh hle.
- Damdawi lam enfiah fo: A chunga kan sawi tak risk group zinga pakhatah i tlu lut a nih chuan (e.g., HIV vei i nih chuan), he natna hi screening neih dan tur chungchangah i doctor nen sawiho rawh.
Doctor hmuh hun tur
Hetiang symptoms i neih chuan zak suh la, rei lovah Doctor pan rawh.
- Anus-ah hian a hring reng thin.
- Chu hmunah chuan lump emaw tumor emaw i hriat chuan.
- Rectal pain i neih chuan.
- Thluak nen emaw, hun dangah emaw thisen chhuak a awm chuan.
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- Anal dysplasia hi cancer a ni lo.Mahse nakin lawkah cancer a lo awm thei tih vaukhânna a ni.
- Hei hi a chhan ber chu HPV virus a ni. Chuvangin HPV vaccine lak a, safe sex practice tih hi a pawimawh hle.
- I rectum-a itching, lumps, emaw pain ang chi symptoms i neih chuan doctor pan chu zak suh la, tihkhawtlai suh. A hmuhchhuah hma chuan enkawl a awlsam zawk.
- Low-grade (LSIL) hi a tlangpuiin a mah chauhin a tha zawk thin. High-grade (HSIL) hian enkawlna hlawhtling tak tak a nei a.
- Hetiang ang hriselna chungchang zalen taka sawi leh hriat chian hi hrisel taka awm theihna kawng tha ber a ni.
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