Nausen chu nu a\angin a na thei ang em? (Vertical Transmission) A chanchin i zir chiang ang u.

Nu ni tur i ni em? A nih loh leh in chhungkuaa tu emaw chuan naute a nei dawn em ni? Tichuan he thuziak hi i tan a pawimawh hle ang. A chang chuan, i hriat lohvin nu atanga naute hnenah natna a kai thei a. Chu chu vawiina kan sawi tak chu a ni a, nu atanga nausen kai theihna hi a ni.

Vertical Transmission tih hi eng nge ni? (Vertical Transmission hi eng nge ni?)

A awlsam zawngin ‘Vertical Transmission’ tih hi natna hrik, chu chu natna pakhat, naupai lai emaw, nau neih lai emaw, nausen pian hnua nau hnute pek lai emawa nu atanga a naute hnena inkaichhawn hi a ni. Hetianga thlen thei hrik chi hrang hrangte chu virus, bacteria leh parasite te an ni. Khawsik tenau i nei niin han ngaihtuah teh. I tan chuan thil lian tak a ni lo mai thei. Mahse naupai i nih chuan chu natna tenau tak pawh chuan pum chhunga naute chungah nghawng lian tak a nei thei a ni. He natna inkaichhawn hian a chang chuan nau pai te, nau piang thi te a thlen thei a, naute dam chhung zawng hriselna a nghawng thei bawk. Chuvang chuan hei hi kan hriat chian a pawimawh hle a ni.

Engtin nge he natna hi a kai darh? (Vertical Transmission chi hrang hrang) 1.1.

Nu atanga naute hnena natna kai theih dan tlangpui pathum a awm a. Eng nge an nih i han thlir teh ang.

1. Nausen pum chhunga a la awm laiin nausen (placenta) kaltlangin (In utero/Transplacental) .

Hetianga thil thleng chu hrik pakhat nu chhunga a luh chuan nu thisenah a lut a, nausen (placenta) a paltlang a, nausen pum chhunga naute chu a kai ta a ni. Nausen (placenta) hi nu leh naute inzawmna a ni. Nu chawmna chuan a kal tlang a. Chuvangin hrik thenkhat pawh he kawng hmang hian naute hnenah an kal thei bawk. Ngaihtuah teh, nuin a ei leh in ang chiah hian nu taksaa hrikte pawh hi he nausen (placenta) kaltlangin naute hnenah hian an kal thei a ni.

2. Nau neih lai (Intrapartum) .

He khawvela naute a lo kal hian eng nge thleng, chu chu nu pianna kawngkhar atanga lo kal a nih chuan, nuin natna eng emaw a neih chuan naute hnenah pawh a kai thei a ni. Nu pianna kawngah hian hrik engemaw zat a awm tih han ngaihtuah teh. Naute chu a kal tlanga a lo kal chuan chu hrik chu naute taksaah a lut thei a, mit leh hmuiah a lut thei bawk. Hei hi kawngpui zau takah kal a, a sir lehlamah thilin a rawn nuai ang mai a ni.

3. Nausen pian hnua hnute pek (Postpartum) .

A pathumna chu naute pian hnua hnute pek laiin hri kai a ni. Nausen hrik thenkhat chu nu hnute tui hmangin naute hnenah a kai thei a ni. A nih loh leh, nuin hnute chhe ang chi thil a neih chuan, chu natna hrik chu thisen hmangin naute hnenah a kal thei a ni. Chuvang chuan nu hnute pe thinte hian mahni faina bakah an hnute hrisel danah fimkhur a ngai a ni.

‘Vertical’ leh ‘Horizontal’ transmission hi eng nge a danglamna? (Vertical leh Horizontal Transmission) te hi a inang lo hle.

Heng pahnih hi mi pakhat atanga mi dang natna hrik darh dan a ni a, mahse a danglamna tlem a awm.

‘Horizontal transmission’ tih hi kan hriat dan tlangpui a ni. Chu chu mi pakhatin mi dang hnen atangin natna a kai thei a, chu chu khuh, thawk hah, sex hman emaw, hman tawh thil khawih emaw ang chi thil hmangin a ni. Entirnan, i thianpa khawsik vei i biak chuan, an khuh chuan natna hrik chuan a rawn thleng thei che a, a ti na thei che a ni. Chu chu ‘horizontal transmission’ tih chu a ni.

Amaherawhchu, ‘vertical transmission’ tih hian natna pakhat, a bik takin nu naupai emaw, nau hnute pe lai emaw atanga a nau piang lai emaw, nausen piang thar emaw hnena kai theihna a kawk a ni. Thil tam takah chuan heng ‘vertically’-a kai theih natnate hi ‘horizontally’-a kai theih a ni bawk.

He natna hrik kai theih atang hian naute hian eng symptom nge an neih? (Naute zingah a lan chhuah dan)

He natna hi nuin naute hnena a thlen chuan naute hian symptom hrang hrang a lantir thei a ni. Nausen thenkhat chuan an pian tirh atangin heng symptoms te hi an nei thei bawk. Nausen dangte tan chuan heng natna lan chhuah dan hi an lo upa deuh deuh a, chu chu naupan lai a ni thei. Heng symptom lian ber berte hi eng nge ni tih i lo en ang u:

• Mitdel emaw, mitdel emaw
• Hriatna hloh emaw, hriatna lama harsatna emaw
• Lung natna
• Rash emaw blisters emaw a awm thei
• Seizures, chu chu seizure ang chi dinhmun a ni
• Vun leh mit sen, jaundice kan ti thin.
• Mit sen, mit natna `(Conjunctivitis)`
• Ha te tak te, notched tak tak te
• Hmêl inang lo ṭhenkhat
• Liver (hepatomegaly) leh/ emaw spleen lian (splenomegaly) .
• Lu te tak te `(microcephaly)`
• Motor skill tihhmasawn hun sawn hlat emaw, inthlak danglam emaw, kea kal leh kut leh ke hman te

Ngaihtuah teh, naute piang thar chu a sen reng a nih chuan, emaw, an taksaah hliam tenau te a nei a nih chuan, doctor hnena entir nghal a pawimawh zia. Chutiang chhinchhiahna a awm chuan nu atanga natna kai avanga lo awm pawh a ni thei.

Nu atanga naute hnena kai theih natna hrik te chu engte nge ni? (Infection vertical-a darh thei) .

Hetiang hian nu atanga naute hnena kai theih natna hrik, bacteria leh parasitic natna engemaw zat a awm a. Doctor-te chuan hengte hi hriat reng nan hming tawi an hmang a, chu chu ‘TORCH’ .

• T - Toxoplasmosis, Treponema pallidum (khawtlang natna syphilis thlentu) .
• O - Midang tih awmzia chu ‘dang’ infection tihna a ni
• R - Rubella `(Rubella)` tih a ni
• C - Cytomegalovirus hrik pai a ni
• H - Herpes simplex natna hrik te

Tunah chuan, chu ‘Midang’ category-a tla thei hri kai dang engemaw zat a awm ta. Chung zinga ṭhenkhat chu:

• Chagas natna a ni
• Chlamydia natna (Chlamydia) a awm
• Covid-19 `(COVID-19)`
• Gonorrhea a awm
• Hepatitis virus (liver nghawng thei) .
• HIV `(HIV)` tih a ni
• Listeriosis (hei hi ei tur thenkhat hmanga kai theih) .
• Parvovirus B19 a awm bawk
• Varicella-zoster virus (hei hi chickenpox thlentu a ni) .
• Zika virus (thosquito atanga kai theih) .

He list hian hlauthawng suh. Mi zawng zawng hian heng natna zawng zawng hi an vei vek dawn lo. Mahse an awm tih hriat a pawimawh a, chuvang chuan an laka inven nan hma kan la thei ang.

Naupai te hian engtin nge heng natna hi an neih?

Tunah chuan zawhna awm thei chu, engtin nge nu naupai emaw, nau hnute pe lai emaw hian a naute a kai hmain he natna hi a neih theih? Hei hi chhan hrang hrang a awm thei a:

• Invenna tel lova inpawlna (oral, anal emaw vaginal sex) hmangin. Mipat hmeichhiatna hmanga kai theih natna thenkhat chu hetiang hian kai theih a ni a, a hnuah naute hnenah a kai thei a ni.
• Miin a khuh emaw, a khuh emaw atanga a chhuah thin droplet te te (respiratory droplets) hmangin a darh thei a ni. Entirnan, khawsik emaw, flu emaw vei atanga kai theih a ni.
• Cat poop khawih hmangin. A bik takin natna toxoplasmosis an tih chu hetiang hian a kai theih a ni. Chuvangin nu naupai te chu an ui bawlhhlawh bawm khawih lo turin an hrilh thin.
• Parasite hi ei leh in bawlhhlawh ei atanga kai theih a ni. Entirnan, thlai, thei, leh sa leh sangha tui lo ang chi thil te.
• Kissing bug an tih insect-in a seh che a nih chuan (hei hi Sri Lanka-ah chuan a awm vak lo).
• Thisen pek a ni. Mahse tunah chuan hei hi a awm tawh lo hle a, a chhan chu thisen pek chu natna hrik test a nih vang a ni.

I hmu em, kan nitin nunah tlem kan fimkhur chuan heng thil tam tak hi kan pumpelh thei a ni.

Hetiang natna hrik kai theih hian eng harsatna nge a thlen?

Nu atanga naute hnena natna kai, ‘vertical transmission’ tia hriat chu natna khirh tak tak thenkhat a thlen thei a ni. Entir nan:

• Nau pai emaw, nau piang thi emaw a awm theihna a sang thei.
• Nausen pum chhunga awm chuan tui a pung emaw, a hring nasa (hydrops fetalis) emaw a nei thei.

Heng thu i hriat hian hlauthawng tih hi thil awmdan pangngai a ni. Mahse, heng thilte hi thleng thei mah se, hriattir hmasak a, a tul anga test neih a, doctor thurawn zawm a, he hlauhawmna hi nasa takin i tihziaawm thei tih hre reng ang che.

Doctor-te hian engtin nge he natna hi an hriat theih? (Diagnosis) tih a ni.

Naupai tirh lamah doctor-te chuan thisen test ṭhenkhat an nei ṭhin a, chu chuan naute pum chhunga naute nghawng thei natna a awm leh awm loh an enfiah ṭhin. Nuin natna a vei tih an hriat chuan doctor-te chuan naute pawh a vei dawn em tih enfiah leh turin an rawt thei ang. Heng test thenkhat hi chu:

• Amniocentesis: Hei hian naute chhehvel tui (amniotic fluid) sample tlemte lak a, a cell te enfiah nan needle te tak te hman a ni.
• Chorionic villus sampling: Hei hian nausen atanga tissue sample lak a, test a ni.
• Fetal blood sampling: Hemiah hian nausen nausen chu a nu pum chhungah hian needle te tak te an paltlang a, nausen pum chhunga thisen sample lak a, test a ni.

Nausen piang thar leh naupang tê têah chuan heng hri kai te hi thisen test hmanga hriat theih a ni fo. Doctor-in naute chu TORCH infection zinga pakhat a kai nia a rinhlelh chuan (nuin natna a neih vang emaw, naute hian symptoms a neih vang emaw) a pian hnu lawkah naute chu an test nghal ang. Tin, zun test hmangin emaw, naute hmui chhung lam atanga hmui sample lak emaw hmangin an natna an test thei bawk.

Hetiang natna hi engtin nge kan enkawl ang? (Tihdamna)

Nu leh naute inkara natna hrik kai enkawl dan chu naute hian eng ang natna nge a neih leh engtikah nge a hmuhchhuah tih a innghat a ni. A châng chuan, naute pian hma emaw, a pian hnuah emaw, doctor-te chuan antiviral, antibiotic, antiparasitic damdawi an pe thei bawk.

A pawimawh ber chu heng damdawi te hian a chang chuan hriselna lama harsatna thlen theihna a tihziaawm thei a, mahse a veng kim lo thei reng a ni. Tin, chhiatna lo thleng tawh chu an tidanglam thei lo bawk.

Naupang pianpui natna avanga hriatna hloh emaw, hmasawnna lama harsatna nei emaw chuan speech therapy leh occupational therapy ang chi thil atang hian tanpuina an dawng thei a ni.

Ka naute hian hetiang natna hi a vei a nih chuan eng nge ka beisei ang?

I nuin natna a vei chuan i naute chunga thil thleng tur chu thil tam takah a innghat a ni. Entirnan, naute hian naupai laiin engtikah nge natna a neih leh eng ang natna nge a nih tih te. A tlangpuiin, naute chu naupai hmaa hrik kai a nih chuan nau pai, nau piang thi emaw, nausen nunna atana hlauhawm tak neia piang emaw a hlauhawm zawk a ni. Mahse chutiang chu a ni reng reng lo. A hmaa hmuhchhuah leh enkawl hian a rah chhuah pawi tak tak tam tak a veng thei fo.

Engtikah nge Doctor ka hmuh ang? (Doctor hmuh hun tur) .

Hei hi a pawimawh hle. Naupai i nih chuan i naupai tirh lamah natna hrik kai theih loh test neih dan tur doctor nen inbia ang che. Tin, sexually transmitted infection (STI) i vei nia i ngaih chuan, emaw, i naupai laiin natna eng emaw i neih chuan i doctor hnenah hrilh nghal rawh. Ngaihthah suh. I tan thil tenawm tak ni mahse, i naute chungah nghawng lian tak a nei thei a ni.

Vertical transmission hi a veng thei ang em?

Awle! Hei hi a tam thei ang ber ven nan hian kan tih theih tur a awm. Naupai lai emaw, nau neih hnu emawa i naute hnena kai theih natna i neih chuan antibiotics, antivirals, antiparasitic damdawi hmanga enkawl theih a ni. Hei hian i naute hnena natna kai theihna a ti tlem thei a ni. Tin, hri kai laka invenna atana i tih theih thenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni:

• I kut chu sahbawn hmangin uluk takin silfai fo ang che. Pawn chhuah hnuah, chaw ei hma leh toilet i hman zawhah kut sil ngei ngei tur a ni.
• Huana hnathawh emaw, in tihfai emaw hian kutkawr bun thin ang che. I kut i sil zawh chuan uluk takin i kut sil thin ang che.
• Mipui tamna hmun tlawh hi a theih ang angin tihtlem rawh. I kal ngei ngei tur a nih chuan mask vuah rawh. Flu season leh COVID-19 vei an tam hunah fimkhur hle ang che.
• I doctor hnenah vaccine pek dan tur ruahmante zawt la, a hun takah pe vek rawh. Vaccine thenkhat chuan hetiang hian nu atanga naute hnena kai theih natna lakah a veng thei a ni. Entirnan, rubella vaccine hi.
• Sex him tak hmang rawh. Naupai laiin sex i hman chuan condom hmang thin ang che. Tin, i kawppui chu sexually transmitted infection (STI) a awm leh awm loh test tir pawh a tha hle.
• Naupai lai hian nangmah ngeiin cat litter box chu tihfai tum suh. I tih ngei ngei tur a nih chuan kutkawr bun la, i tih zawh hnuah i kut chu uluk takin sil rawh.
• Chaw i buatsaih dawnin fai tak leh fel takin buatsaih tur a ni. Ei hmain sa leh sangha chu uluk takin chhum la, chhum rawh. Thei leh thlai te chu uluk takin silfai la, a theih chuan peel rawh.
• Chaw him chauh ei rawh. Bawnghnute pasteurized loh emaw, tui thianghlim loh emaw in loh tur. Shellfish raw emaw undercooked emaw, oyster leh mussels te ei loh tur.
• Insect lakah inveng rawh. Rulhut ang chi rulhut laka inven nan insect repellants hnawih la, thawmhnaw sei tak ha la.
• Khualzin rei tak i kal dawn a nih chuan ruahmanna siam lawk rawh. A bik takin naupai laiin ram pawnah i kal dawn a nih chuan ``travel medicine clinic`` atanga thurawn lak hi a tha hle. I kalna tur ram bik atana thurawn an pe ang che.

Tin, naupai i nih chuan, naupai tum i nih chuan, Chagas natna hluarna hmuna i zin tawh a nih chuan, he natna hi test neih tum ang che.

Take-Home Thuchah a ni

Okay, chuvangin tunah chuan vawiin a kan sawi tawh, ‘vertical transmission’ tih hi hriatthiamna tha tak in neih ka beisei. A awlsam zawngin, hei hi naupai lai, nau neih lai emaw, nau hnute pek lai emawa nu atanga naute hnena natna inkaichhawn dan a ni. Hei hian harsatna lian tak, dam chhung zawng a thlen thei a, chuvangin naupai lai emaw, naupai tum lai emaw hian him taka awm theih nan fimkhur zual a pawimawh hle.

Naupai i nih chuan, natna hrik i vei mai thei nia i ngaih emaw, a lan chhuah dan emaw i neih chuan i doctor nen inbia nghal rawh. Thil tenawm tak anga lang chu ngaihthah suh.

Awareness hi invenna tha ber a ni. Heng fimkhurnate hi i la a, naute hrisel tak khawvela rawn hruai luh theihna chakna i hmuh ka beisei!

` vertical transmission, naupai, nau neih, nau hnute pek, natna hrik, TORCH, pianpui dinhmun, venna