Wheelchair-a chuang mi pakhat chu dawr, bank, a nih loh leh office-a stairs neia luh tumin a bei nasa hle tih i hmu ngai em? A nih loh leh, nu leh pate’n naupang mamawh bik nei tâna sikul tlâk tûra beihpui thlak? Heng thilte hi kan nunah vawi khat tal kan hmu vek tawh. Hetiang mite hian keimahni ang bawka khawtlang hlau lo leh tuma puihna tel lova mahni inrintawkna neia nun, lehkha zir, hnathawh theihna an nei tur a ni em? Chu dikna dodalna chu ``Disability Rights Movement'' emaw, rualbanlote dikna chanvo humhalhna emaw tih mai a ni.
He dikna chanvo humhalh hi eng nge ni tak tak?
A awlsam zawngin, hei hi mihring dikna chanvo humhalhna ang a ni. Hetah hian a tum ber chu taksa emaw rilru lama harsatna nei chi hrang hrang nei te hnenah rualbanlote ang bawka chanvo leh dikna pek hi a ni. Chu chu khawtlânga harsatna awmte ṭhiah a, mi zawng zawng inang tlanga enkawl theihna boruak siam a ni.
Heng daltu hi chi hrang hrang a awm a:
- Taksa lama inkharkhip: Entîr nân, wheelchair-a kal theih loh stairs, kawngkhâr zau tak, leh bus sâng tak takte.
- Institutional barriers: Pawl thenkhat chuan rualbanlote lak an duh lo va, an tan hmun remchang an pe lo.
- Khawtlang inkharkhip: Khawtlang mite chuan khawngaih takin an en a, an hnawhchhuah a, "Heng mite hian heng thilte hi an ti thei lo," tiin an ngaihtuah thin.
He movement hian a tum ber chu heng daltu zawng zawng hi tihbo a, rualbanlote zahawm taka chenna tur khawtlang siam a ni.
Engtin nge he zinkawng hi a lo intan? - Khawvel atanga zir tur
Tunlai khawvel ram tam takin rualbanlote dikna chanvo chungchang sawi mah se, he dinhmun hi beihpui thlakna ropui tak hnuah chauh a ni. Chu history chu rei lo te han thlir kir leh ila, a chhan chu kan ram pawhin zir tur tam tak a nei a ni.
Kum 1800 chho vel khan rualbanlote chu mihring nihna dik lo takin an enkawl thin a. Khawtlang tana phurrit anga ngaih an ni. Ṭhenkhat chu circus-ah an chantir a, ṭhenkhat chu rilru lam damdawi in leh institution-ah an khung a ni. Mi tam tak chuan heng mite hi rilru lam natna nei niin an ngai a, chuvang chuan an duh loh zawngin sterilization operation pawh an nei ta a ni.
Amaherawhchu, Indopui pakhatna hnu lama sipai hliam leh rualbanlote an rawn kir leh tan chuan khawtlang nunah rilru put hmang chu zawi zawiin a danglam tan ta a ni. Sorkar chuan a pui tan a, technology hmanraw thar a siam chhuak ta a ni. Hei hian rualbanlote chu eng emaw chen chu mahni inrintawkna nei thei turin a phalsak a ni.
Indopui II-na hnuah pawh rualbanlo indona huaisen te chuan an mamawh rehabilitation service leh vocational training an dawng thei lo.Sorkar chu pe turin an nawr a ni. Chu chuan hmasâwnna nasa tak thlen mah se, vântlâng inthiarna te, office te, dawr te, leh bus-te luh chu harsatna an la nei tho a ni.
He inthlak danglamna hian kum 1960 chhoa United States-a civil rights movement-in nasa takin hma a sawn a, chutih lai chuan rualbanlote chu tihduhdah pawl dangte zawm a, an dikna chanvo humhimna hun remchang pek an ni.
Historic tidanglamtu dan pawimawh thenkhat
He inbeihna avang hian khawvel hmun hrang hrangah dan pawimawh eng emaw zat siam a ni a, chu chuan rualbanlote nun a tidanglam a ni. Hengte hi kan rama policy siamtute tan pawh entawn tlak tak a ni.
| Dan / Dan | A danglamna ber chu a rawn keng tel a ni |
|---|---|
| Rehabilitation Act kum 1973-a siam a ni | Sorkar agency leh sorkar contractor-te chu eizawnna kawngah rualbanlote thliar hran khap a ni. A pawimawh ber chu, sorkar sum dawngtu program eng pawh (school, public transportation) chu rualbanlote'n an hman theihna tur inang tlang taka hman theihna tur dan siam a ni. |
| Naupang rualbanlo zawng zawngte tana zirna dan 1975 | Naupang tinte tan zirna an dawn theihna tur dikna a tichiang a ni. Naupang mamawh bik neite chu classroom pangngaiah zirtir nise a tih thu a sawi uar hle. |
| American-a rualbanlote dan (ADA, 1990) . | Hei hi bill zau tak a ni. Rualbanlote chu kawng tinrenga inthliarna a khap a, hnathawhna hmunah te, vantlang hmun (dawr, hotel, cinema), sorkar rawngbawlna, inkalpawhna, leh inbiakpawhna te pawh a khap a ni. Wheelchair dahna tur ramp siam ang chi thil chu tih ngei ngei turah a siam ta a ni. |
Chu danglamna chuan naupang zirna kawngah a rawn thlen a ni
A chunga kan sawi tak zirna dan hi a hnuah Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)-ah tihzauh a ni. Heta concept pawimawh ber pakhat chu "Individualized Education Programs" (IEPs) .
Chumi awmzia chu, naupang mamawh bik nei apiang tan chuan chu naupang nu leh pa leh zirtirtute chu an inzawm khawm a, chu naupang tan bik zirlai ruahmanna an siam a ni. Hei hi kan ram zirna kalphungah telh theih ni ta se engtiang chiahin nge a ropui ang?
Tunlai dinhmun leh kan tih theihte
Dan siam mai mai a tawk lo. Inhnek a la tawp lo. Tunlai thleng pawh hian khawvel hmun hrang hrangah rualbanlote, kan ramah pawh hian inthliarna leh rilru put hmang dik lo chi hrang hrang an hmachhawn a ngai a ni.
Keini pawhin he inthlâk danglamnaah hian kan thawhhlawk thei a ni. Thil lian tak a nih a ngai lo. Thil tenawm tak a\angin kan \an thei a ni.
- Kan rilru put hmang i thlak ang u: Rualbanlo mi khawngaih taka en hi i bansan ang u. Keini ang bawk hian theihna, mumang leh rilru put hmang an nei tih hi hrethiam ila.
- Zahawm: An mimal chanchin zah rawh. Ṭanpuina an mamawh hunah chauh ṭanpui rawh. Ṭanpui turin nawr luih suh.
- Accessibility ngaihtuah: I hnathawhna hmun emaw, i tlawh fo thin dawr emaw-ah chuan rualbanlote luh theihna tur accessibility features a awm em tih enfiah rawh. Tlin lohna a awm chuan a kaihhnawih mite hnenah sawipui thin ang che.
- Aw ni rawh: Thil danglam a awm tih i hmuh hian rualbanlote tan thu sawi hlau suh.
A tawpah chuan hei hi dan lam aiin mihringte chungchang a ni zawk. Mi tinin zahawm taka nun theihna tur dikna kan neih theih nan kan mawhphurhna a ni . Chutiang khawtlang siam a\anga rilru hahdamna lo chhuak chu khawtlang pumin an hre vek ang. Nangmah emaw i hriat mi emaw chuan rualbanlohna avanga harsatna i neih chuan i doctor nen damdawi lam leh khawtlang tanpuina awm thei chungchang sawipui a pawimawh hle.
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- Rualbanlote dikna chanvo hi mihring dikna chanvo bulpui ber a ni. Khawtlangah pawh chanvo inang an nei tur a ni.
- Dan leh policy te hi a pawimawh ang bawkin khawtlang nunah zung kai thûk tak rilru put hmang dik lote thlak danglam chu a pawimawh lehzual a ni.
- Taksa lama inthlak danglamna, wheelchair hman theihna siam ang chi te bakah hian kan ngaihtuahnaah pawh inthlak danglamna siam a pawimawh hle.
- Rualbanlote zah, hnawhchhuah loh, leh mi zawng zawng huapzo khawtlang dinna kawngah hian kan thawhhlawk thei vek a ni.
- Nangmah emaw, i hnaih ber tu emaw chuan chak lohna avanga harsatna i neih chuan i doctor nen tanpuina leh kaihhruaina awm thei te sawipui rawh.
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