He ahua pōuriuri, he āhua kore mārama, he ahua totoro rānei ō mea i ētahi wā? Ina koa i te wā e taraiwa ana i te pō, ka kite koe i tētahi āwhiowhio huri noa i ngā rama o te motuka kei mua i a koe? Ka pāngia koe e te mamae o te upoko i muri i te pānui pukapuka, nūpepa rānei, i te mātakitaki pouaka whakaata, i te mahi rorohiko rānei mō tētahi wā? Ka ngenge ō kanohi? Mena kua pāngia koe e tētahi, e ētahi rānei o ēnei, he mea nui tēnei tuhinga māu. I tēnei rā ka kōrero tātou mō tētahi mate e kiia nei ko te 'Astigmatism', he mate e pāngia ana e te tini o te tangata, engari ina rongo rātou i te ingoa, ka wehi rātou he mate kino, engari he tino māmā te whakatika.
He aha tonu te astigmatism?
He whakarāpopototanga noa iho, ko te astigmatism he āhua e kore ai tō kanohi, te wāhanga mārama kei mua o tō kanohi, te cornea, e tino porotaka pērā i te pōro. He āhua tēnei kei a tātou katoa.
Whakaarohia he kanohi hauora he porotaka tino pai, he rite ki te poipapa. Kātahi ka piko te mārama e uru ana ki te kanohi i te ara kotahi, he ōrite, ā, ka arotahi ki te wāhi kotahi i runga i te retina. Kātahi ka taea e tātou te kite mārama i ngā mea katoa.
Engari, he aha te mea ka tupu mēnā he rite te āhua o tō kanohi ki te pōro whutupōro? Ka piko te mārama e uru ana ki tō kanohi ki tētahi taha, ki tētahi taha. Ko te tikanga, kotahi anake te wāhanga o te mea e arotahi ana, ko tētahi atu wāhanga ia kāore i te arotahi. Nō reira, ka pōuriuri, ka totoro hoki te āhua o ngā mea.
He maha ngā wā ka puta tahi te astigmatism me te myopia, te tirohanga tata, te hyperopia, te tirohanga tawhiti rānei. Ka kiia ēnei āhuatanga e toru he hapa tirohanga. Nā te mea he huringa kei roto i te huarahi e piko ai te mārama e tomo ana ki te kanohi (te whakawhiti).
Kaua e manukanuka, he mea tēnei ka taea e te tākuta kanohi te whakatika mā te whakamahi i ngā mōhiti, i ngā karaihe whakapā, i te pokanga rānei.
He aha ngā tohu o te astigmatism?
Tērā pea kei a koe tētahi, ētahi rānei o ēnei tohu:
- He pōuriuri, he hē rānei te āhua o ngā mea (hei tauira, he porowhita te āhua)
- Te mamae o ngā kanohi
- Ngā mamae o te upoko
- He uaua ki te kite i te pō
Ka āta puta haere ēnei tohu. Kāore koe e kite wawe i tētahi rerekētanga nui. Ka puta ngā ānini i te kaha o ō kanohi ki te arotahi ki ngā mea. E whakapono ana hoki ngā tohunga he whānau tēnei mate. Ko te tikanga, ki te pāngia tō whaea, tō pāpā, tō tētahi rānei o tō whānau e tēnei mate, ka nui ake te tūponotanga ka pāngia koe e tēnei mate.
He aha ngā take o tēnei āhuatanga?
Mō te tini o te tangata, he mea whānau mai tēnei mate. Engari kāore anō kia mōhiotia e ngā tohunga te take o tēnei mate. Haunga tēnā, ka puta anō hoki te mate kanohi mō ētahi atu take.
- I muri i te whara o te kanohi
- Nā te mate kanohi
- I muri i te pokanga kanohi
He tino onge, ka puta te astigmatism i te mate e kiia nei ko te keratoconus. Koinei te wā ka angiangi te cornea o te kanohi, ka rite ki te kōne. I tēnei wā, me whakamahi ngā karaihe whakapā kia mārama ai te titiro.
Engari kia maumahara ki tētahi mea. Ko te pānui pukapuka i te mārama ngoikore, ko te mātaki pouaka whakaata rānei i te taha tata rawa, kāore e puta ai te mate kanohi. He whakaaro hē noa iho tēnā i roto i te hapori.
Me pēhea e kitea ai tēnei e koe, e Tākuta?
Ki te kite koe i ētahi panonitanga o tō tirohanga, me toro atu ki tētahi tākuta kanohi mō tētahi whakamātautau kanohi katoa. Ka pānuihia e te tākuta he tūtohi kanohi kia kitea ai te koi o tō tirohanga. Hei tāpiri, ka whakamahia e rātou ngā taputapu maha hei ine tika i tēnei āhuatanga.
- Phoropter: Kei te mahara koe, ki te mīhini e whakawhiti ana i ngā karāhe arotahi takitahi, ka pātai, "He mārama tēnei, he mārama tēnā?" Koinei te huarahi e kitea ai e koe te karāhe arotahi e tino mārama ai tō tirohanga.
- Keratometer: Ka ine tēnei mīhini i te piko o tō kornea. Mā tēnei ka mārama te tākuta ki te āhua o te kornea me tōna kaha ki te arotahi i te mārama.
- Autorefractor: Ka tukuna e tēnei taputapu te mārama ki roto i tō kanohi, ā, ka ine i te āhua o tana peketanga whakamuri. Mā tēnei ka taea e koe te whakaaro whānui mō ngā karaihe e hiahiatia ana e koe.
- Kaitātari mata o te kōnea: Koinei te huarahi tino taipitopito ki te tiki kōrero mō te āhua o te kōnea. Mā tēnei ka hangaia he mahere tae 3D o tō kōnea. He mea tino nui tēnei whakamātautau mēnā kei te pokanga koe i te taiaho (pēnei i te `LASIK`).
Ka taea e mātou te mārama ki tāu whakahaunga?
Ina kite koe i ngā reta me ngā tau kei runga i te whakahaunga a tō tākuta, tera pea koe e whakaaro he aha ēnei. Me whakamārama noa iho.
| Tohu / Wāhanga | Te tikanga |
|---|---|
| OD me te OS | Ko te OD te tikanga mō te kanohi matau (Oculus Dexter), ko te OS te tikanga mō te kanohi maui (Oculus Sinister), ā, ko te OU te tikanga mō ngā kanohi e rua (Oculus Uterque). |
| Tau tuatahi (Porowhita) | Mā tēnei ka mōhio koe mēnā he raruraru tō tirohanga tata, tawhiti rānei. Mēnā he tohu tango (-) kei mua i te tau, he tirohanga tata tōu. Mēnā he tohu tāpiri (+) kei mua i te tau, he tirohanga tawhiti tōu. Ka teitei ake te tau, ka pōuri haere tō tirohanga. |
| Tau tuarua (Porotaka) | Koinei te nui o te astigmatism kei a koe. Ka teitei ake tēnei tau, ka nui ake te astigmatism kei a koe. |
| Tau tuatoru (Tuaka) | Mā tēnei ka mōhio koe ki te wāhi o te astigmatism i roto i tō cornea. |
Hei tauira, ki te mea kei roto i te whakahaunga he "OD -1.00 x -2.00 x 155", ko te tikanga he 1 diopter o te tirohanga tata tō kanohi matau (OD) me 2 diopter o te astigmatism, i te tūranga 155 nekehanga.
He aha ngā maimoatanga mō tēnei?
Tata ki te katoa o ngā mate o te astigmatism ka taea te whakatika mā te whakamahi i ngā mōhiti, i ngā karaihe whakapā rānei. Heoi, ki te iti noa iho ō mate astigmatism, ā, kāore he raruraru tirohanga kē atu, kāore pea koe e hiahia ki ngā mōhiti.
Ngā mōhiti
He mea hanga ngā karaihe whakapā hei whakaiti i te pōuriuri i puta mai i te āhua koretake o tō kornea. He pai te mahi ina titiro tika koe ki mua. Heoi, ki te nui tō astigmatism, tera pea ka ahua totoro ngā mea pēnei i te papa me ngā pakitara ina whakamahia tuatahitia. Kaua e manukanuka ki tēnā. Ka taunga ō kanohi ki roto i ētahi rā, wiki rānei. Whakamātauria te mau mō ētahi haora i te ata, ā, kia taunga haere ki a rātou. Heoi, ki te kore tō tirohanga e pai ake, tirohia anō tō tākuta kia tika ai tō whakahaunga.
Ngā Karaehe Whakapā
Ka taea hoki e ngā karaihe whakapā te whakatika i tēnei āhuatanga. Engari me whai momo karaihe motuhake koe i hangaia mō taua kaupapa. Ko ngā karaihe ngohengohe e whakamahia ana mō te astigmatism e kiia ana ko ngā karaihe toric. He mea hanga ēnei hei huri i te kanohi ki te tūranga tika ahakoa kua whakatītaha.
Mena he kino rawa tō astigmatism, ko ngā karaihe whakapā pakari e uru ana ki te hau te mea pai rawa atu. I ētahi wā ka whakamahia e ngā tākuta ēnei karaihe pakari hei maimoatanga e kiia nei ko te orthokeratology. I roto i tēnei, ka mau koe i ēnei karaihe i a koe e moe ana i te pō. Ka whakatikatikahia e ngā karaihe te āhua o tō cornea mō te wā poto. Ka taea e koe te kite mārama puta noa i te rā. Engari me mau tonu koe i ēnei karaihe kia mau tonu ai taua āhua.
Pokanga Kanohi Reera
Mā te pokanga taiaho, pērā i te `LASIK` me te `PRK` rānei, ka huri tūturu te āhua o tō kornea kia tika ai te arotahi o te mārama. Ka taea e ēnei te whakaputa hua tino pai. Ka taea e koe te pātai atu ki tō tākuta kanohi mō ētahi atu kōrero mō tēnei.
Ka pā tēnei ki ngā tamariki nohinohi anō hoki?
Ae. He maha ngā pēpi e whānau mai ana me te mate kanohi kore. Engari kāore he mea hei manukanuka. I te nuinga o te wā ka memeha haere i te wā e tata ana ki te kotahi tau te pakeke.
Engari ko te mea nui, ki te kore e rongoatia te raruraru tirohanga o te tamaiti, ka pā tika ki āna mahi kura. Tērā pea kāore te tamaiti nohinohi e mārama he raruraru tana ki tana tirohanga. Nō reira, ka pā hoki tēnei ki āna mahi kura. I ētahi wā , ka tapaina he 'tamaiti hauā ako' ia. Nō reira, he mea tino nui kia tirohia ngā kanohi o te tamaiti. He pai ake te tirotiro kanohi ina ono marama te pakeke o te tamaiti.
Karere Tangohia ki te Kāinga
- Ehara te Astigmatism i te mate, engari he hapa tirohanga e puta mai ana nā te mea kāore te āhua o te cornea o te kanohi i te tino porowhita.
- Ko ngā tohu matua ko te tirohanga pōuri, te tirohanga pōuri, te mamae o te upoko, me te uaua ki te kite i te pō.
- He mea whānau mai tēnei mate, ehara i te mea nā ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te pānui pukapuka i te mārama ngoikore.
- He tino whai hua ngā maimoatanga mō tēnei, pērā i ngā mōhiti, ngā karaihe whakapā, me te pokanga taiaho.
- Ki te whakaaro koe he raruraru tirohanga tōu, tō tamaiti rānei, me toro atu ki tētahi tākuta kanohi whai tohu i taua wā tonu.
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