He autism tō tamaiti? Kia ako tātou i ētahi atu kōrero mō ēnei rongoā autism!

Ina kī mai te tākuta he autism tō tamaiti, tera pea ka pōuri koe, ka mataku hoki. He mea noa tēnā. Engari ko te mea nui, kāore koe i te mokemoke, ā, he maha ngā momo rongoā hei āwhina i tāu tamaiti. Ka taea e ēnei rongoā te āwhina i tāu tamaiti ki te whakawhanake i ōna kaha me te wikitoria i ngā wero e pā ana ki a ia i roto i ōna oranga o ia rā. I tēnei rā, ka kōrero tātou mō ēnei rongoā autism.

He aha ngā Whakaora Autism? Kia mārama tātou ki tēnei mea!

He whakarāpopototanga noa iho, ko te maimoatanga autism he huinga tikanga hei āwhina i tāu tamaiti kia eke ki tōna pūmanawa katoa , hei āwhina hoki i a rātou ki te aro atu ki ngā wero e pā ana ki a rātou. Ko ētahi maimoatanga ka tukuna i roto i te tari o te tākuta. Ko ētahi ka taea te tuku i te kāinga, i te kura, i ētahi atu wāhi tūmatanui rānei. Ka rerekē rawa atu ēnei maimoatanga. Engari i te nuinga o te wā, ka ngana katoa ki te āwhina i tāu tamaiti ki te whakawhanake i ngā pūkenga e hiahiatia ana e rātou hei taunekeneke ki te hapori, hei ako i ngā mea hou, hei mahi motuhake hoki.

Ehara te autism i te mate, engari he panoni i te mahi a te roro!

He mea tino nui tēnei. Kua mārama ngā tākuta tamariki me ētahi atu kaiwhakarato hauora ko te autism he rerekētanga ngawari i roto i te mahi a te roro o tāu tamaiti, e kiia nei ko te neurodivergence . Ehara i te mate ka taea te "whakaora". Nō reira, kāore ēnei maimoatanga e ngana ki te "whakatika" i te autism, ki te akiaki rānei i te tamaiti ki roto i tētahi anga. Engari, ka hoatu e ēnei maimoatanga ki ngā tamariki he autism ngā pūkenga e hiahiatia ana e rātou hei oranga me te noho harikoa i roto i tētahi ao kāore i te ngāwari i ngā wā katoa mō te hunga he neurodivergence tēnei.

Kia maumahara, ko te autism tētahi wāhanga o te tuakiri o te tamaiti. E ngana ana ngā maimoatanga ki te whakaute i taua tuakiri, me te āwhina i te tamaiti kia māmā ake te oranga.

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Kāore e rite ana ngā maimoatanga katoa, tika? Kia tūpato tātou ki ngā whakapono teka!

I a koe e rapu ana i ngā maimoatanga hei āwhina i tāu tamaiti, kia maumahara ki tēnei: ​​Kāore e rite te whai huatanga, te haumaru rānei o ngā maimoatanga autism katoa. I ētahi wā, kāore e taea e koe te whakawhirinaki ki ngā mea e kitea ana e koe i runga ipurangi, ki ngā kōrero rānei a tētahi hoa whai whakaaro pai. He maha ngā whakaaro hē me ngā kōrero teka mō te autism – ōna take me ōna maimoatanga.

Ka tūtohu noa tō tākuta tamariki me ētahi atu mema o te tīma tiaki hauora o tāu tamaiti i ngā maimoatanga e ahu mai ana i ngā taunakitanga . Ko te tikanga kua whakamātauhia te haumaru me te whai hua o ēnei maimoatanga me ngā raraunga mai i ngā rangahau pono, kua hoahoatia pai. Nō reira, me whai tonu i ngā tohutohu a tō tākuta.

He aha ngā maimoatanga pai rawa atu mō te autism? Me whiriwhiri tātou i te mea e pai ana ki te tamaiti!

He maha ngā maimoatanga hei āwhina i tāu tamaiti. Heoi, kāore he maimoatanga kotahi "e pai ana mō ia tamaiti." Ka tūtohu ngā tākuta o tāu tamaiti i tētahi, i ētahi rānei. I te wā e tuku ana i tētahi tūtohutanga, ka whakaarohia e rātou ēnei e whai ake nei:

• Mēnā he tika te maimoatanga mō te tau o te tamaiti me ōna hiahia motuhake .
• He aha atu ngā āhuatanga e pā tahi ana me te autism kei te tamaiti?
• Te hononga o tēnei maimoatanga ki ngā hiahia, ki te wātaka, me te utu e tika ana mō tō whānau .

I ētahi wā, me whakamātau koe i ētahi maimoatanga rerekē kia kitea ai te mea e tino pai ana mō tāu tamaiti.

Anei ētahi momo maimoatanga ka tūtohu pea ngā tākuta mō tāu tamaiti:

• Te rongoā whanonga
• Te whakaora reo-kōrero
• Te whakaora tinana me te whakaora mahi
• Te whakangungu pūkenga pāpori
• Te whakangungu mātua

Nā, me kōrero tātou mō ia o ēnei maimoatanga me ētahi atu taipitopito.

Te Whakaora Whanoke

Ko te rongoā whanonga he whakatenatena i tāu tamaiti kia whai wāhi ki ngā whanonga pai , pērā i te tono i ngā mea e hiahiatia ana e rātou. Ka taea hoki e ia te āwhina ki te whakaiti i ngā whanonga wero , tae atu ki te whara i a ia anō.

He tāngata kua whakangungua motuhake mō tēnei, e kiia ana rātou ko ngā Kaitātari Whanoke Tiwhikete Poari (BCBA) . Mā rātou tēnei maimoatanga e hoahoa kia rite ki ngā mātāpono o te Tātari Whanoke Whakamahia (ABA) . He ariā ako te ABA. E mea ana ko te āhua o ā tātou whanonga ka whakatauhia e tō tātou taiao, inā koa ko ngā mea ka puta i muri i taua whanonga (ngā hua). Mā te utu i ngā whanonga pai, kaua e utu i ētahi atu whanonga, ka taea e koe te āwhina i ngā tamariki ki te ako i ngā whanonga ka whai hua mō te ao.

Heoi, i ngā rā tōmua o te ABA, he maha ngā tautohetohe mōna nā te mea i whakamahia te whiu hei whakaiti i ngā whanonga kāore i hiahiatia. Kāore i te pērā i ēnei rā.

Ngā rongoā whanonga o nāianei:

• Ka whakamahia ngā utu (he whakakaha pai). Mā ngā utu e hoatu ana mō te whakatutuki i ētahi whāinga ka akiaki i te tamaiti ki te ako i ngā pūkenga me ngā whanonga e hiahiatia ana mō ngā mahi kura, ngā whanaungatanga pāpori, me te oranga o ia rā.
• Te whakamahi i te kēmu.Ka taea e ngā mahi tākaro te āwhina i ngā tamariki ki te ako i ngā pūkenga pāpori me te hanga whanaungatanga ki ō rātou hoa. Hei tauira, ka taea e ngā kaiwhakaora hinengaro te whakaatu i ngā momo huarahi tākaro, te whakatenatena rānei i ngā tamariki kia wehe atu i ā rātou mahi tākaro o ia rā, kia whakamātau i tētahi mea hou.
• Te tautuhi i ngā take o ngā whanonga uaua. Mā te mārama ki te take e whanonga ai te tamaiti i tētahi ara, ka taea e ngā kaiwhakarato te waihanga i tētahi mahere e tutuki ai ngā hiahia o te tamaiti. Hei tauira, ka riri pea te tamaiti ina kore e taea e rātou te whakapuaki i tētahi hiahia.
• Ka tukuna ēnei maimoatanga i roto i ngā momo horopaki. He rerekē tēnei i ia kaupapa, i ia kaupapa. Ko ētahi maimoatanga ka tukuna i roto i tētahi horopaki hanganga, pērā i te tari o te kaiwhakarato. Ko ētahi ka tukuna pea i roto i tō kāinga, i te kura o tāu tamaiti, i roto rānei i tētahi pokapū hapori e noho tahi ai tāu tamaiti.
• Ka taea te wā poto, te wā roa rānei. Tērā pea ka whiwhi tāu tamaiti i te rongoā whanonga mō ētahi marama, mō te tau, mō te roa atu rānei. Kei ngā hiahia o te tamaiti, ā, ka rerekē haere i roto i te wā. Ko ētahi kaupapa e kapi ana i te whānuitanga o ngā pūkenga, ko ētahi e āwhina ana i te tamaiti ki te whakatutuki i tētahi whāinga wā poto.

Ko ētahi tauira o te rongoā whanonga

Ka kitea e koe he tini ngā maimoatanga whanonga mō te autism i runga ipurangi. I ētahi wā, he uaua ki te wehewehe i a rātou, ki te mōhio rānei mēnā he pono rawa atu. Ka taea e tō tākuta tamariki te kōrero atu ki a koe mō tāu e rapu ana, ā, ka taea hoki e ia te āwhina i a koe ki te tautuhi ko ēhea ngā kaupapa he taunakitanga pai. Hei tīmatanga māu, anei ētahi maimoatanga rongonui, e ahu mai ana i ngā taunakitanga:

• Te Wawaotanga Whanoke Ātaahua (EIBI): Ka tīmata te EIBI mō ngā tamariki 4 tau te pakeke, iti iho rānei. He maha ngā tau e tukuna ana tēnei maimoatanga. Ka aro atu ki ngā wero i roto i ngā wāhanga pēnei i te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero, ngā whanaungatanga pāpori, me ngā whanonga aukati, ngā whanonga auau rānei. Ka mahia i roto i tētahi taiao hanganga.
• Tauira Tīmatanga Moata o Denver (ESDM): Kua hangaia te ESDM mō ngā tamariki nohinohi. Ka tukuna i roto i ngā taiao o ia rā (e kiia ana ko "ngā taiao"), pērā i tō kāinga. Ka āwhina i te whakawhanake i ngā pūkenga pāpori, hinengaro, me te reo o te tamaiti mā te tākaro.
• Te Arotahi Ngātahi, te Tākaro Tohu, te Whai Wāhi me te Whakahaere (JASPER): Ka whakamahia hoki te tākaro e te tikanga JASPER. Ka whakamahia hei whakaako i ngā pūkenga whakawhitiwhiti kōrero pāpori ki ngā tamariki mai i te 12 marama ki te 8 tau te pakeke. Ka mahia i roto i ngā taiao tūturu, pērā i tō kāinga, i te akomanga rānei o tāu tamaiti.
• Te Maimoatanga Tauhohenga Pivotal (PRT):Mā ngā PRT ka āwhina i ngā tamariki ki te whakawhanake i te hiahia ki te taunekeneke ki ētahi atu, me te whakawhanake i ngā pūkenga pāpori taketake. Kei roto i ēnei ko ngā pūkenga motuhake pēnei i te tīmatanga kōrero, te whakautu ki ētahi atu, me te tatari mō tō rātou wā.
• Te Maimoatanga me te Mātauranga o ngā Tamariki Autiste me ngā Tamariki Hauā Whakawhitiwhiti Kōrero e Pā Ana (TEACCH®): Ka āwhina te tikanga TEACCH® i ngā tamariki ki te whakawhanake i te whānuitanga o ngā pūkenga i roto i tētahi taiao hanganga kua whakaritea kia rite ki ō rātou pūkenga me ngā manakohanga o ngā kare ā-roto.

Te Whakaora Kōrero-Reo

Ka taea e te whakaora kōrero me te reo te āwhina i tāu tamaiti ki te whakawhanake i ōna pūkenga kōrero . Ko tētahi o ngā maimoatanga e whakamahia whānuitia ana mō te autism. Anei ētahi tauira o ngā mea ka taea e ngā kaiwhakaora kōrero te āwhina i tāu tamaiti:

• Akohia te whakamahi i ngā rerenga poto hei pātai mō ngā mea e hiahia ana koe.
• Whakaharatauhia te whakapuaki i ō kare ā-roto .
• Whakatikatikahia te tere, te manawataki rānei o ngā kupu e kōrerotia ana.
• Whakamahia ngā tikanga Whakawhitiwhiti Kōrero Whakanui me te Whakawhitiwhiti Kōrero Rerekē (AAC) . Kei roto i te AAC ngā mea pēnei i ngā taputapu whakaputa kōrero, te reo tohu, me ngā kāri he pikitia, he tohu rānei.

Te Whakaora Mahi me te Whakaora Tinana

Mā te Whakaora Mahi (OT) ka āwhina i te tamaiti ki te whiwhi i ngā pūkenga e hiahiatia ana hei mahi i ngā mahi o ia rā. Hei tauira, ka taea e te OT te whakapai ake i te kaha o te tamaiti ki te mahi i ngā Mahi o ia Rā (ADL) pērā i te paraihe niho me te whakakakahu. Mā te Whakaora Tinana (PT) ka āwhina i te tamaiti ki ngā pūkenga nekeneke whānui , te taurite, te pumau o te haere, me te hikoi o ngā māikuku.

Ka taea e ēnei kaiwhakaora hinengaro te ārahi i te tamaiti i roto i ngā momo mahi whakakori tinana hei whakapai ake i tōna kaha tinana, tōna taunga nekehanga, me ōna pūkenga nekeneke – arā, ngā nekehanga e hiahiatia ana i te wā e ako ana, e tākaro ana, e whai wāhi ana ki ngā mahi whakangahau.

Whakangungu Pūkenga Hapori

Ko te whakangungu pūkenga pāpori, e mōhiotia ana ko te wawaotanga pūkenga pāpori ā-rōpū (GSSI) , he huarahi arotahi hei āwhina i ngā tamariki ki te ako me pēhea te mahi i roto i ngā āhuatanga pāpori. He rerekē tēnei i ētahi atu maimoatanga e hanga ana i ngā pūkenga pāpori hei wāhanga o tētahi mahere whānui e aro ana ki ngā take takitahi. Ka mahia ngā whakangungu pūkenga pāpori i roto i ngā rōpū. He maha ngā wā ka hangaia mō ngā tamariki nohinohi me ngā taiohi.

Ko te whakangungu pūkenga pāpori ko te whakamahi i ngā tohutohu tika, ngā whakaaturanga, ngā tirohanga, me ngā mahi whakaari hei āwhina i te tamaiti ki te ako kia whai hua ake i roto i ngā āhuatanga pāpori.Te āwhina i ngā tamariki kia māia ake, kia whakamarie ake hoki. Hei tauira, ka taea e ngā kaitiaki te āwhina i ngā tamariki ki te mahi i ngā mea penei:

• Akohia ngā rautaki hei hanga whanaungatanga ki ō hoa.
• Kia mārama ki ngā tohu kore-waha, pērā i te whakapā kanohi me ngā āhua o te kanohi.
• Whakauru atu ki ngā kōrerorero tautohe .
• Whakahaerehia te āhua o tō whakatau i te tukino.

Te Whakangungu Mātua

Mā ēnei momo wawaotanga koe, te mātua, e āwhina ki te ako i ngā rautaki hei tautoko i tāu tamaiti. Hei tauira, ka ako pea ngā kaiwhakarato maimoatanga i a koe i ngā mea pēnei i:

• Me pēhea te whai i te arataki a tāu tamaiti .
• Ngā huarahi hei hopu i te aro o tāu tamaiti .
• Me pēhea te tuku i ngā kōwhiringa ki tāu tamaiti .
• Ngā huarahi hei whakatenatena i ngā taunekeneke a ngā hoa ki ngā hoa .

I runga anō i te kaupapa motuhake, ka taea hoki e koe te whiwhi i tēnei whakangungu hei rōpū me ētahi atu mātua. Mā te mahi e mahia ana e koe i ngā wā whakangungu mātua ka tautoko, ka whakanui rānei i te kaha o te maimoatanga e whiwhi ana tāu tamaiti.

He aha te āwhina e whakaratohia ana e tēnei maimoatanga mō te tamaiti?

Ka taea e te maimoatanga autism te āwhina i tāu tamaiti ki ngā mea penei:

• Whakamahia pai ana pūkenga me ana pūmanawa .
• Te kōrero i roto i te huarahi e tutuki ai ōna hiahia me ōna matea .
• Hangaia ngā pūkenga pāpori .
• Whakaitihia ngā wero whanonga .
• Whiwhi pūkenga oranga o ia rā hei tautoko i tōna tū motuhake .
• Te whakatau angitu i ngā whakawhiti ao – hei tauira, mai i te tamarikitanga ki te taiohitanga, mai i te taiohitanga ki te pakeketanga rānei.

Āhea te wā e tino whai hua ai te maimoatanga?

Ko ngā maimoatanga mō te autism ka nui te pānga mō te wā roa mēnā ka tīmata i mua i te 3 tau te pakeke. Nā te mea kei te whanake tonu te roro o te tamaiti, ā, he tino ngāwari ki te huri i ngā tau tuatahi o te oranga. Heoi, he mea nui te maimoatanga i ngā tau katoa , ā, ka āwhina i tāu tamaiti. Ko te mea nui, ko te wawe o te tīmatanga, ko te pai ake.

He aha ngā mea hei tirotiro māu ina whiriwhiri ana koe i tētahi maimoatanga mō tāu tamaiti?

Ka taea e tō tākuta tamariki te ārahi i a koe me te tuku tohutohu. I te nuinga o te wā, anei ētahi āhuatanga nui hei tirotiro māu:

• Ka aromatawaihia e ngā kaitiaki ngā matea o tāu tamaiti.
• Ō kaiwhakarato maimoatangaKa taea e rātou te whakamārama me pēhea te ine i te ahunga whakamua o te tamaiti, ā, he mārama hoki ā rātou whāinga hei whakatutuki mā te tamaiti.
• He rawaka ngā kaimahi hei whakarato i te aro takitahi ki te tamaiti.
• He tika te whakangungu o ngā kaiwhakarato, ā, ka tohaina atu e rātou ō rātou tohu mātauranga me ō rātou papamuri ki a koe.
• Ka whakaarohia ngā hiahia me ngā manakohanga o te tamaiti ina whakatau ana me pēhea te tuku maimoatanga (hei tauira, ina whakatau ana i ngā momo whakapakari pai).
• E mihi ana ngā kaiwhakaora hinengaro ki tō whai wāhi mai, arā, ka whakarongo rātou ki ō hiahia, ka whakaako hoki i a koe i ngā mea ka taea e koe te mahi hei āwhina i tāu tamaiti i te kāinga.

Ko te kaupapa o te maimoatanga autism ko te whakatairanga i tāu tamaiti, me te whakaute i a ia anō. Mēnā he mea kāore e tika ana ki a koe, ki te kore rānei koe e pai ki tētahi āhuatanga o te kaupapa maimoatanga, whakarongo ki tō puku ka haere ki tētahi atu wāhi.

He motuhake ia tamaiti – me pērā anō hoki te huarahi e whakamahia ana mō tā rātou maimoatanga. Ko te mea e pai ana mō tētahi tamaiti, kāore pea e pai mō tāu, ā, he pai tēnā. Tērā pea me whakamātau koe kia kitea ai te mea e pai ana mō ngā hiahia o tō whānau. Ā, ka rerekē pea aua hiahia i roto i te wā.

Hei whakamutunga, ngā mea hei maumahara (Karere hei tango ki te kāinga)

Whakawhirinaki ki te aratohu a tō tākuta tamariki, ā, pātai atu kia maha ngā pātai e taea ana e koe. Kei te ako tahi kōrua ko tāu tamaiti. He mea nui kia ako koe i ngā mea katoa e taea ana e koe mō ngā momo maimoatanga me ā rātou mahi māu. Ka nui ake te mōhiotanga ka riro i a koe, ka nui ake ngā taputapu ka riro i a koe hei āwhina i tāu tamaiti ki te hanga i te oranga e hiahiatia ana e ia, e tika ana hoki mōna. Kaua e mutu te tumanako, ko te mea pai rawa atu mā tāu tamaiti e hiahia ana!