Kāore rānei tāu tamaiti e titiro tika ana ki ngā kanohi o ētahi atu? Kāore rānei ia e noho ana i roto i te taonga takaro kotahi mō ngā hāora, e mahi ana rānei i taua mea kotahi? I ēnei rā, ina kite te tini o ngā mātua i tētahi mea pēnei, ko te wehi e puta ake ana ki te hinengaro ko, "Āe, he autism taku tamaiti?" Nā te mea, ko te autism, he mea kāore i rangona i te rua tekau, toru tekau rānei tau ki muri, e kōrerohia ana i ngā wāhi katoa i ēnei rā. Koia te take he mea tika kia wehi ahakoa ka kite koe i tētahi rerekētanga iti i roto i tētahi tamaiti. Engari, ko ngā mea katoa e āhua ana ki te autism he autism tonu? Me kōrero tātou mō tēnei i tēnei rā.
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Tuatahi, he aha te autism?
Ki te kī māmā noa iho, ehara te autism i te mate, engari he āhua. I roto i te rongoā, ka kiia ko te autism spectrum disorder, ko te 'Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) rānei.' He āhua e pā ana ki te whanaketanga o tō tātou roro, ko te 'neurodevelopment' rānei. Ka pā pea tēnei ki ngā pūkenga kōrero a te tamaiti (te āhua o tā rātou kōrero, te āhua o tā rātou whakawhitiwhiti kōrero) me ngā whanaungatanga pāpori (te āhua o tā rātou mahi me te tākaro me ētahi atu).
E whakamahia ana te kupu "spectrum" nā te mea he rerekē te āhua o ia tangata, o ia tangata. Whakaarohia he rite ki te āniwaniwa. Pērā i te tae o ia tae, he rerekē te āhua me te kaha o ngā tohu i roto i ngā tamariki autism. Mō ētahi tamariki, he tino ngawari ngā tohu, kāore e kitea wawetia e te hunga o waho. Mō ētahi atu, ka uaua pea te mahi a ngā tohu i roto i ō rātou oranga o ia rā.
Ko te mea nui kia kaua e whakaaro he autism te tamaiti nā te mea he tohumate kei a rātou , nā te mea tera pea ētahi atu āhuatanga hauora ka puta ai ngā tohumate ōrite.
He aha ngā āhuatanga ka taea te pohehe hei autism?
Ko tētahi atu raruraru o te hē o te tautuhi i te mate autism o te tamaiti, ko te kore pea e whiwhi i te maimoatanga e hiahiatia ana mō tōna āhua. Hei tauira, ki te mea he poto te tinana o te tamaiti nā te mate pēnei i te paihana mata, kāore e mahi te maimoatanga kotahi mō te autism. Nō reira, he mea nui kia mōhio ki ēnei rerekētanga.
He tino rite ngā tohu o ēnei āhuatanga ki ērā o te autism.
| Te āhua hē o te mārama | Ngā tohu rite ki te autism | Ngā mea hei mōhio |
|---|---|---|
| Te whakaroa i te kōrero, te whakarongo, me ētahi atu whakaroa whanaketanga | Kāore e tika ana te kōrero mō tō rātou tau, te kore o ngā pūkenga pāpori, te uaua ki te mārama ki ngā kōrero a ētahi atu. | He maha ngā take e whakaroa ai te whanaketanga o te tamaiti. Tērā pea nā ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te ngaronga o te rongo, te paihana mata, me te mate Down syndrome tēnei. |
| Te whakaatu i te iti o te hiahia, te kaha rānei | Te tino hiahia ki tētahi mea (hei tauira, ngā mapi, te mātakitaki i te hurihuri o te pā). | Ahakoa he mea noa tēnei i waenga i ngā tamariki autō, kāore tēnei āhuatanga anake e tohu i te autō. Hei autō, me whai atu anō ētahi atu āhuatanga, pērā i ngā raruraru ki ngā whanaungatanga pāpori. |
| Te tere o te pānui, te nui rānei o te mohio (Hyperlexia) | He pūkenga ki te pānui i te wā e tamariki ana, engari he uaua ki te whakapuaki whakaaro. | Ehara i te mea he autism ngā tamariki katoa e pāngia ana e te Hyperlexia. Ka taea te noho tahi, te kore rānei e pāngia e ēnei āhuatanga e rua. Nō reira, kāore e taea te whakatau i runga i tēnei tohu anake. |
| Ngā Take Tukatuka Pūoko | Te whakarihariha ki ngā rama kanapa, ki ngā haruru nui, ki te pāngia rānei. Te ohooho, te kore rānei e kōrero i tēnei wā. | He āhuatanga noa anō hoki tēnei i waenga i ngā tamariki autism. Heoi anō, he āhuatanga motuhake anō hoki ngā raruraru pānga. Mō te autism, tera pea ka kitea anō ētahi atu āhuatanga (hei tauira, te whakaroa kōrero). |
| Ngā mate hinengaro maha | Te whakahua anō i te mea kotahi, te wehe atu i te hapori, ngā raruraru whakawhitiwhiti kōrero. | Ahakoa te āhua o ēnei he autism, ka taea e ētahi atu mate hinengaro te puta mai. Ko ētahi tauira ko: Te Mate Āwangawanga Ārai (OCD), Te Mate Ārai Tangata, Te Mate Whakawhitiwhiti Kōrero Hapori (Pragmatic), Te Mate Āpitihanga Tauhohe, ā, he tino onge, te Schizophrenia i roto i ngā tamariki. |
| Ngā Mate Ira | Te whakaroa i te whanaketanga o te kōrero, ngā raruraru ako. | Ka puta tahi ētahi mate ira (hei tauira, te Tuberous Sclerosis) me te autism. Heoi, ko ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te 22q11.2 deletion syndrome he nui ake te tūponotanga kia hē te tautuhi hei autism nā te mea he tino ōrite ngā tohu. |
Kaua e wareware ki te pātai ki tō tākuta mō ēnei mea.
Mena he āwangawanga āu mō tāu tamaiti, ko te mea pai ko te toro atu ki tētahi tākuta tamariki . Ka tirotirohia e te tākuta te whanaketanga o te tamaiti, āna whanonga, me tana hītori hauora katoa.
Kātahi, ki te whakapaetia he autism tō te tamaiti, ka tukuna koe e te tākuta ki tētahi rōpū tohunga. Tērā pea kei roto i tēnei rōpū ngā tākuta roro, ngā tākuta hinengaro, ngā tākuta hinengaro, me ngā kaiwhakaora kōrero. Ka whakamahia e rātou ngā whakamātautau me ngā tirohanga maha hei whakatau mēnā he autism tō te tamaiti, he mate rānei.
Ina kite koe i tō tākuta, kaua e mangere ki te pātai i ēnei pātai:
- "E te tākuta, kua tirohia e koe te rongo o taku tamaiti?" I ētahi wā ka whakaroa te kōrero i ngā raruraru rongo. Ka taea te pohehe he autism.
- "He atu whakamātautau anō kei te tika kia mahia e mātou?" Hei tauira, ki te noho koe i tētahi whare tawhito, ā, kei te pakaru te peita, me tono pea koe kia whakamātauria ngā taumata mata i roto i te toto o tāu tamaiti.
- "Ka taea e au te kite i tētahi tohunga mō tēnei mea?" Mēnā ka kī mai tō tākuta he autism tō tamaiti, engari kāore anō koe kia kite i tētahi tohunga, pērā i te tākuta roro, te tākuta hinengaro rānei, tonoa he tohutoro. He mea nui kia whiwhi atu i ētahi atu kōrero.
- "Ahakoa kāore mātou i te tino mōhio he aha te āhua, ka taea e mātou te tīmata i te maimoatanga?" Ko te nuinga o te wā ko te whakautu he "āe." Mena he whakaroa te whanaketanga o tāu tamaiti, ka taea e koe te tīmata i te maimoatanga mā te whakaora kōrero, te whakaora mahi, ētahi atu maimoatanga rānei me te kore e tatari kia kitea mena ko te autism te take.) te whakangungu pūkenga pāpori rānei. Ka tino whai hua ēnei ki te tamaiti.
Karere Tangohia ki te Kāinga
- Ehara te autism i te mate e whakaatu ana i te huinga tohu kotahi. He momo āhuatanga rerekē tēnei i waenga i te tangata me te tangata.
- He maha atu anō ngā āhuatanga hauora me ngā āhuatanga hinengaro e whakaatu ana i ngā tohu rite ki te autism.
- Kaua rawa e whakatau māu ake he autism tō tamaiti i runga i tāu e pānui ana i te ipurangi, i tāu e rongo ana rānei i ētahi atu. He mea nui te tautuhi tika i te mate.
- Mena he āwangawanga āu mō te whanonga a tāu tamaiti, rapua tonutia te tohutohu a te tākuta whai tohu. Mena e tika ana, kaua e mangere ki te rapu awhina a te tīma tohunga.
- Mā te tautuhi tika me te maimoatanga tere ka taea e tāu tamaiti te tautoko e hiahiatia ana e rātou kia angitu ai te oranga.
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