Ka whakangaromia e tō tinana ō ake toto whero? Anei ngā mea me mōhio koe mō te Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA)!

I ētahi wā ka ngenge koe, ka ngoikore hoki, kāore he take? Tērā pea kua paku mā, kua kōwhai rānei tō kiri. Tērā ētahi wā kāore koe e mōhio he aha tēnei e tupu ana, tika? Ko tētahi take mō ēnei tohu ko te pūnaha ārai mate o tō tinana ake, arā, ko ngā hōia e tiaki ana i a koe i ngā mate, e whakaeke ana i ō ake toto whero. Koinei te mea e kiia nei e mātou ko te 'Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia' (AIHA) i roto i te rongoā. He māmā noa iho, ka pohehe te pūnaha ārai mate o tō tinana i ō ake toto whero hei "hoariri" ka whakangaro i a rātou. Ahakoa he ahua kino tēnei, ka taea te whakahaere pai mā te maimoatanga tika . Heoi, ki te kore e rongoatia, ka tūpono te ora. Nō reira, he mea tino nui kia mōhio koe ki tēnei me te rapu tohutohu hauora i te wā e taea ai. Me kōrero taipitopito atu tātou mō tēnei.

He aha te 'Antihemolytic Anemia Autoimmune' (AIHA)?

Ki te kī ngāwari, ko te 'Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia' (AIHA) he āhuatanga e hē ai te tautuhi a tō pūnaha ārai mate i ō toto whero he "tauhou," arā, he mea kino ki te tinana. Nō reira, ka whakaputahia e tō tinana he paturopi e whakangaro ana i ngā toto whero. Ka piri ēnei paturopi ki ngā toto whero, ā, ka whakangaro i a rātou. Ka aha te mea ka tupu? Ka heke te maha o ngā toto whero i roto i tō tinana. Koinei te mea e kiia nei e tātou ko te "anemia."

Whakaarohia, ko te mea e tupu ana i konei he rite ki te ope taua e tiaki ana i tō tātou whenua, e whakaeke hē ana i ō tātou ake tāngata whenua. He ahua uaua tēnei, engari ehara i te mea uaua ki te mārama.

He aha te rerekētanga i waenga i te AIHA tuatahi me te AIHA tuarua?

E rua ngā momo matua o te AIHA, kei runga i te āhua o tōna putanga mai.

• AIHA Tuatahi: I ētahi wā, ka taea e te AIHA te whanake me te kore he mate hauora e kitea ana. Ko te tikanga tēnei kāore e taea e ngā tākuta te mārama he aha i puta ohorere mai ai. Ka kiia tēnei ko te AIHA tuatahi.
• AIHA Tuarua: Ko tētahi atu momo AIHA ko te AIHA i puta mai i tētahi atu mate. Hei tauira, ka puta mai i ētahi mate huaketo, i ngā mate pūnaha ārai mate (e whakaekehia ana e te pūnaha ārai mate o te tinana ōna ake kiko), i ētahi rongoā, i tētahi mate pukupuku toto rānei pērā i te lymphoma.

He aha ngā momo matua o te AIHA?

E rua ngā momo matua o te AIHA. Ko te "warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia" me te "cold autoimmune hemolytic anemia" . Ka whakarōpūtia ēnei i runga i te momo paturopi e uru ana ki te mate. Arā, i ahu mai te ingoa i te pāmahana e kaha ai ngā paturopi e whakaeke ana i ngā toto toto whero.

Te anemia hemolytic aunoa mahana

Koinei te momo AIHA tino noa. I konei, ka herea ngā paturopi o te momo `IgG` ki ngā toto toto whero. Ko te mea motuhake ko te kaha o ēnei paturopi i te pāmahana noa o tō tātou tinana (arā, i roto i te taiao "mahana"). I te nuinga o te wā ka tīmata te puta haere o ngā tohu, i roto i ētahi wiki. Heoi, i ētahi wā, ka kaha haere ngā tohu ahakoa i roto i ētahi rā.

Te anemia hemolytic aunoa makariri

Ka kitea tēnei momo i roto i te 10% ki te 20% anake o ngā tūroro AIHA. Kei roto ko tētahi momo autoantibody e kiia nei ko te `IgM`. Ka herea ēnei autoantibodies ki ngā toto whero ina kei te pāmahana o tō toto he iti iho i te pāmahana matua o tō tinana, e kiia nei ko te ``makariri''. Ka rerekē pea tēnei pāmahana ``makariri'' i ia tangata, i ia tangata. Ko te tikanga tēnei, mō ētahi tāngata, ka whakahohehia pea ēnei antibodies ina paku makariri, mō ētahi atu ia, me tino makariri ake.

Ko wai te hunga e tino pāngia ana e tēnei mate AIHA?

Ka taea e te AIHA te whanake i roto i te tangata, ahakoa te pakeke, te ira tangata rānei. Heoi, ko te mate nei te mea tino kitea i roto i ngā wāhine neke atu i te 40 tau te pakeke .

Ahakoa te noa, he mate tino onge te AIHA. Tata ki te kotahi, e rua rānei ngā tāngata i roto i te rau mano e pāngia ana i ia tau.

He aha ngā tohu o te AIHA?

Ka taea e te AIHA te whakaputa i ngā momo tohu. Ko ētahi he tino noa, ko ētahi he rerekē i runga i te momo AIHA kei a koe.

Anei ētahi tohu noa:

• Kirika
• Ngenge rawa (ngenge rawa ki te mahi i tetahi mea kia pai)
• ngoikore
• Ngā tere o te ngakau
• Te uaua ki te manawa (ahakoa he iti noa te kaha)
• Kiri mā (pērā i te wā e iti ana te toto toto)
• Te kōwhai o te kiri me ngā kanohi ( jaundice )
• Mamae upoko (headache)
• Mamae uaua
• mimi pouri (pērā i te wai tī)
• Te ruaki me te whakapairuaki
• Te poto o te manawa
• Korere
• Te whara o te arero
• Ngā palpitations (te rongo i te tino pā o tō ngākau kia rongohia e koe)

Kia maumahara, ki te pāngia koe e tētahi, e rua rānei o ēnei tohu, ehara i te mea kei a koe te AIHA. Engari ki te mau tonu ēnei tohu, he pai ake te toro atu ki te tākuta.

Ka rerekē pea ngā tohu, inā koa kei runga i te momo AIHA:

Ko te AIHA mahana ka kitea nuitia i roto i:

• Ngenge
• Pōuriuri
• Te kōwhai o te kiri (te jaundice)
• Te rongo i te ngākau o te ngākau

Ka puta pea ngā tohu pēnei i te makariri AIHA:

• Ngenge
• Pōuriuri
• Ngā ringaringa me ngā waewae makariri (he makariri ake i ētahi atu)
• Te kiriuhi
• Mamae o te uma
• Te mamae i te tuara o ngā waewae
• Te mate a Raynaud (he āhua e mā/kikorangi ai ngā maihao me ngā matimati, ā, ka ngenge ina pāngia e te makariri)
• Te tae kikorangi o ngā ringaringa me ngā waewae
• Ngā hapa o te ngakau `(Arrhythmia)`
• Te rongonga i te ngunguru o te ngākau
• Te ngoikore o te ngākau (he mate kino tēnei)

He aha ngā pūtake o te AIHA?

Mō te haurua o ngā tūroro katoa e pāngia ana e te AIHA (tata ki te 50%), kāore e kitea te tino take . Ka kiia tēnei he "idiopathic autoimmune hemolytic anemia." Ko te tikanga "kāore e mōhiotia te take."

I tētahi atu haurua, e hono ana te AIHA ki ētahi atu mate hauora.

Ko ētahi atu āhuatanga hauora ka taea te whakaputa i te AIHA ko:

He maha ngā mate pūnaha ārai mate ka taea te whakaputa i te AIHA tuarua. Arā, ko ētahi atu mate ka whakaekea e te pūnaha ārai mate o te tinana ngā pūtau hauora o te tinana.

• Lupus : He mate tēnei ka pā ki ngā pūnaha okana maha, pērā i te kiri, ngā hononga, ngā whatukuhu, me te roro.
• Te rumatiki rūmatoid : He mate e pā nui ana ki ngā hononga, e mamae ai, e pupuhi ai hoki.
• Te mate a Sjogren : Ko ngā kanohi me te waha maroke ngā tohu matua.
• Mate tairoi : Ngā kore taurite o ngā homoni tairoi.
• Te mate puku puku : Te mumura me te mate puku o te koroni.
• Te mate a Hashimoto : He āhuatanga e whakaekea ai te repe tairoi e te pūnaha ārai mate.

I ētahi wā, ka puta anō hoki te AIHA i te mate huaketo . Heoi, ka pai ake te mate toto iti ina ea te mate huaketo. Ko ētahi huaketo e pā ana ki te AIHA ko:

• huaketo Epstein-Barr (te huaketo e hua ai te mononucleosis)
• rewharewha
• Ngā matepukupuku
• Rubella
• Pūngāwerewere koretake
• Te huaketo Varicella, e hua ai te rewharewha
• `HIV`
• Hepatitis (ngā huaketo e pā kino ana ki te ate)
• Cytomegalovirus

Ka taea hoki e ētahi rongoā te whakaputa i te AIHA. Mena kei te whakapaetia he rongoā kei te tangohia e koe te take o te mate, ka mutu pea te rongoā e tō tākuta.

• Ngā paturopi (ina koa ko te penicillin)
• Ngā rongoā anti-inflammatory kore-steroidal (NSAID) (hei tauira, ibuprofen)
• Ngā rongoā ārai matepukupuku

Me pēhea te tātaritanga o te AIHA?

Ki te whakapae tō tākuta kei a koe ngā tohu o te anemia, ka tonoa tuatahitia e rātou he tatau toto katoa (CBC) . Mā tēnei ka kitea ngā tohu whakatūpato o te anemia. Ina koa, ka inehia e tēnei whakamātautau:

• E hia ngā toto whero, ngā toto mā, me ngā pereti toto kei roto i ō toto.
• Te rahi o ō toto whero (nui, iti, noa).
• Taumata Hemoglobin - Koinei te pūmua i roto i tō toto e kawe ana i te hāora puta noa i tō tinana.
• Te uara hematocrit (te nui o te wāhi e nohoia ana e ō toto whero i roto i ō toto).

Ētahi atu whakamātautau hei āwhina i te tautuhi i te AIHA

Ki te whakapae tō tākuta he mate toto nui tō te tinana, ka tūtohu ia i ētahi atu whakamātautau. Ka taea e ēnei whakamātautau te āwhina ki te whakatau mēnā ko te AIHA te take o te mate toto, ko tētahi atu take rānei.

• Te paninga ā-taha: Ko te tikanga o tēnei ko te tango i tētahi tauira o tō toto ka tirohia i raro i te karuārai. Ka taea e tēnei te rapu i ngā mea pēnei i te pakaru, te rerekē rānei o te āhua o ō toto whero.
• Te tatau o ngā retikulositē: Ka ine tēnei whakamātautau i te maha o ngā toto whero taitamariki (hou te hanga) i roto i tō tinana. Kia maumahara, ina whakangaromia ngā toto whero, ka tīmata te hinu wheua ki te hanga i ētahi atu toto whero hei whakakapi i a rātou. Ka piki ake te maha o ngā retikulositē.
• Whakamātautau bilirubin: Ina whakangaromia ngā toto whero, ka puta he matū e kiia nei ko te bilirubin. Ina piki ake tēnei, ka puta te jaundice (te kōwhai o te kiri). Nō reira, ki te teitei te taumata o te bilirubin i roto i te toto, he tohu tēnei kei te pakaru ngā toto whero.
• Whakamātautau a Coombs: He whakamātautau tino nui tēnei hei tātaritanga i te AIHA. Ka tirohia mēnā kei te whakaputa paturopi tō tinana hei ārai i ngā toto whero.
• Whakamātautau Haptoglobin: He pūmua te Haptoglobin e tango ana i ngā para mai i ngā toto toto whero kua pakaru. Ina whakangaromia he maha ngā toto toto whero, ka whakamahia e te tinana te nuinga o tēnei haptoglobin. Ka heke te taumata o te haptoglobin i roto i te toto.
• Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH): He whākōkī te LDH e kitea ana i roto i ngā toto toto whero. Ina whakangaromia ngā toto toto whero, ka tukuna tēnei whākōkī LDH ki roto i te toto. Ka piki ake ngā taumata LDH.
• Te tairite o te agglutinin makariri: Mena kei te whakapae tō tākuta he AIHA makariri koe, ka tonoa pea e ia tēnei whakamātautau. Ka ine tēnei i te taumata o ngā paturopi e whakaeke ana i ngā toto whero i ngā pāmahana makariri.

Me pēhea te rongoā mō te AIHA?

I te wā e rongoā ana i te AIHA, ko te taahiraa tuatahi ko te whakatau mēnā he take matua ka taea te rongoā. Hei tauira, mēnā he hononga tō AIHA ki te lupus, ko te tikanga ka rongoā tuatahitia e tō tākuta te lupus. Mēnā ko te take o te AIHA he āhuatanga pēnei i te lymphoma, he mea nui kia rongoāhia taua āhuatanga. Mēnā he rongoā te take o tō AIHA, me mutu pea te tango i taua rongoā.

Heoi, mō ētahi tāngata, he tino ngawari te AIHA.Ko te tikanga o tēnā, kāore ngā tohu i te tino kino. I taua wā, kāore pea he maimoatanga e hiahiatia.

Ngā rongoā

• Ngā Corticosteroids: Koinei te rongoā tuatahi mō te AIHA. Ka mahi ēnei rongoā mā te pehi i te pūnaha ārai mate o tō tinana, ka whakaiti i te nui o te kino e pā ana ki ō toto whero.
• Ngā rongoā ārai mate: Mena kāore e ranea ngā corticosteroids anake hei whakahaere i te mate, ka tohua pea ēnei momo rongoā e tō tākuta. Ka mahi ēnei mā te aukati i te pūnaha ārai mate kei whakaeke i te hinu wheua.

Splenectomy (pokanga tango i te whēkau)

Mena kāore e taea te whakahaere i te AIHA mā te rongoā anake, me tango pea tō whēkau mā te pokanga. Ko te whēkau he okana i roto i tō tātou tinana e tātari ana i ngā toto whero rerekē, pērā i ngā toto whero he paturopi kei roto. Kei roto hoki i te whēkau ngā pūtau e whakaputa ana i ngā paturopi. Nō reira, mā te tango i te whēkau ka taea te whakaiti i te whakangaromanga o ngā toto whero me te whakaiti i te tūponotanga o te anemia.

Te whakawhiti toto

I ngā wā tino kino o te AIHA, me whakawhiti toto pea ngā tūroro, arā, he whakawhiti toto mai i waho. Ka taea e tēnei te whakanui wawe i te maha o ngā toto whero, ā, ka āwhina hoki ki te whakahaere i ngā tohu.

He rerekē te maimoatanga mō te AIHA 'mahana' me te AIHA 'mātao'?

Ae, he rerekē te maimoatanga o te 'AIHA makariri' tuatahi i te 'AIHA mahana'.

Ko ngā corticosteroids, ko ngā rongoā ārai mate rānei, e whakamahia ana mō te 'AIHA mahana'. Mēnā kāore e angitu, me pokanga pea hei tango i te whēkau. Mēnā he nui te toto toto, ka whakaarohia hoki ngā whakawhiti toto hei rongoā tautoko i te wā e rongoatia ana te mate.

Heoi, kāore te 'AIHA makariri' e pai te urupare ki ngā corticosteroids, ki te tango rānei i te splenectomy. Mena he ngawari te 'AIHA makariri', ka taea te whakahaere i te mate mā te pupuri i te tinana kia mahana (hei tauira, te whakamahi i ngā whakamahana ringa/waewae, te mau karapu, ngā tōkena, me te haere pea ki tētahi āhuarangi mahana ake). Mena e tika ana te maimoatanga, ko te rongoā 'Rituximab' (i ētahi wā me ētahi atu rongoā ārai mate) te maimoatanga raina tuatahi.

Ka taea te whakaiti i te mōrearea o te whakawhanaketanga o te AIHA?

Kāore e taea te ārai i ngā wā katoa i te mate toto toto ā-tinana. I ētahi wā ka puta mai me te kore take mārama. Heoi, ki te mea he mate huaketo tōu, kei te tango rānei koe i tētahi rongoā e mōhiotia ana e pā ana ki te AIHA, ka taea e tō tākuta te aroturuki i tō āhua me te āwhina ki te whakaiti i tō tupono ki te whakawhanake i te mate.

He mate kino te AIHA?

He tino ngawari te mate toto toto ā-aunoa, ā, kāore pea koe e hiahia ki tētahi maimoatanga. Heoi, i ētahi wā ka tino kino rawa atu, ā, me pokanga pea koe, me whakawhiti toto rānei. Mena kua tautuhia koe he AIHA, ka taea e tō tākuta te kōrero ki a koe mō te kaha o tō mate me ō whiringa maimoatanga.

Ko te mea nui, ka mate pea te tangata i te AIHA mēnā kāore e rongoatia, koia te mea nui o te wawaotanga hauora tere.

Ka taea te rongoā i te AIHA?

Āe. Ko te nuinga o te hunga whai AIHA he iti noa iho te maimoatanga e hiahiatia ana, kāore rānei. I waenga i te 20% me te 30% o ngā tūroro e hiahia ana ki te rongoā, ki te pokanga, ki te whakawhiti toto rānei.

Āhea ahau me toro atu ki te tākuta?

Ki te tīmata koe ki te pāngia e ngā tohu o te anemia – pērā i te ngenge rawa, te ngoikore, te kōwhai o te kiri (te kōwhai o te kiri), te uaua rānei ki te manawa – me toro atu ki te tākuta tonu . Mā te whiwhi tātaritanga me te maimoatanga wawe, ka tere ake tō ora me te hoki ki tō oranga noa.

Hei whakarāpopototanga (Karere hei tango ki te kāinga)

Ko te mate toto toto ā-tinana (AIHA) he āhuatanga e whakaekea ai e tō ake pūnaha ārai mate ō toto whero, ka puta ai te mate toto.

• He ngawari, he kino rānei ngā tohu . Ko te ngenge, te kiri mā, te kiri kōwhai, me te uaua ki te manawa ngā mea matua.
• He rerekē ngā take . I ētahi wā kāore e kitea he take (tuatahi), i ētahi wā ka puta mai i ētahi atu mate, i ngā mate pāwera, i ngā rongoā rānei (tuarua).
• He maha ngā kōwhiringa maimoatanga . Kei roto i ēnei ko ngā rongoā, te tango i te whēkau, me te whakawhiti toto. He rerekē ngā maimoatanga i runga i te momo 'mahana' me te 'mātao'.
• Ahakoa he mate ngāwari te whakahaere i te AIHA, ki te kore e rongoatia, ka taea e ia te kino, tae atu ki te mate .

Nō reira, ki te pā mai ēnei tohu ki a koe, kaua e mataku, kaua hoki e whakaroa, engari me rapu tohutohu hauora. Ka taea e tō tākuta te whakahaere i ngā whakamātautau e tika ana, te tātaritanga tika i tō āhua, me te tohu i te maimoatanga tino tika. Kātahi ka taea e koe te ora wawe me te haere tonu ki ō mahi o ia rā!

` te mate toto toto ā-tinana, te AIHA, te mate toto toto, ngā toto toto whero, ngā paturopi, te pūnaha ārai mate, te jaundice, te ngenge