Kua rongo pea koe i ngā take hauora hinengaro. Hei tauira, ko ngā kupu pēnei i te pouri, te manukanuka, me te OCD kua noho hei wāhanga noa o ā tātou kōrero. Engari kua whakaaro koe me pēhea te whakatau tika a te tākuta mēnā he mate tō te tangata? Kāore e taea te whakaaro noa, tika? Koia te take he pukapuka motuhake e whakamahia ana e ngā tohunga hinengaro me ngā tohunga hauora hinengaro huri noa i te ao. I tēnei rā, ka kōrero tātou mō taua pukapuka, te DSM-5.
He aha te tikanga o tēnei DSM-5?
Ko te tikanga o te DSM ko te Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders . I te reo Sinhala, ko tōna tikanga ko te 'Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders'. Koinei te pukapuka tohutoro matua mō te hauora hinengaro me ngā āhuatanga e pā ana ki te roro i whakaputaina e te American Psychiatric Association (APA).
Ka mutu te ingoa ki te "5" nā te mea koinei te putanga tuarima. I whakaputaina tuatahitia te DSM-5 i te tau 2013. Kātahi, i te marama o Poutū-te-rangi 2022, ka tukuna e te rōpū tētahi putanga whakahou o te pukapuka, ā, i whakahoutia ki ētahi o ngā rauemi. Ko tōna ingoa ko DSM-5-TR™. Ko te TR i konei he tohu mō te 'Text Revision', 'Text Revision' rānei.
Heoi, anei tētahi mea hei maumahara: Ko te DSM-5 me te DSM-5-TR he pukapuka hauora i hangaia mō ngā tohunga me ngā tohunga ngaio. He tino hangarau ngā rauemi o roto i ēnei pukapuka. Kāore e tika kia pānuihia tēnei pukapuka e te tangata noa, me te whakaaro kei a ia tētahi mate hauora, kia tautuhia rānei he mate o tētahi atu. Kaua rawa te pānui i tēnei pukapuka e kiia he whakakapi mō te kōrero ki tētahi tākuta whakangungua, whai tohu.
He aha te whakamahinga tūturu o te DSM-5?
Whakaarohia kei te pāngia koe e te kirika. Ko te mahi tuatahi a te tākuta he whakatau mēnā he dengue, he makariri noa, he mate kē atu rānei. Ka whakahaerehia e ia he whakamātautau toto, ā, ka whakarongo pai ki ō tohumate. Waihoki, mō te raruraru hauora hinengaro, ko te taahiraa tuatahi i roto i te maimoatanga ko te tautuhi tika i te momo mate.
Ko te kaupapa o te pukapuka DSM-5 he āwhina i taua mahi.
- E whakarato ana i ngā whakamāramatanga mārama, taipitopito hoki mō ia mate hinengaro.
- Ka whakamāramahia ngā tohu me te āhua o ia mate me ngā tauira.
- Waihoki, ka wehewehea e tēnei pukapuka ngā āhuatanga hauora ki ngā wāhanga, kia māmā ake ai mā ngā tākuta te wehewehe i waenga i ngā āhuatanga he rite ngā tohu.
He rite tēnei ki tētahi mahere ara mō te tākuta. He āwhina ki te whakataurite i ngā paearu o tēnei pukapuka ki ngā tohu e whakaahuahia ana e te tūroro, kia tae atu ai ki te tautuhi tika rawa atu.
Nā wai i tito tētahi pukapuka tino hira? Nā te aha?
Kāore tēnei i oti i te pō kotahi. Nā te American Psychiatric Association (APA) i huihui mai neke atu i te 160 ngā tohunga hauora hinengaro mai i te ao katoa ki te waihanga i te DSM-5. I roto i a rātou ko ngā tohunga hinengaro, ngā tohunga hinengaro, me ngā tohunga i roto i ngā momo mara. Hei tāpiri, he rau atu ngā tohunga i whai wāhi mai hei kaitohutohu. Kāore i kohia noa ngā mōhiohio o tēnei pukapuka; i whakaūtia mā roto i ngā whakamātautau me ngā rangahau maha. Ko te tikanga he pukapuka pono tēnei, ā, he mea hangai ki te pūtaiao.
He aha ngā mea kei roto i te DSM-5?
Ahakoa e aro nui ana te DSM-5 ki ngā āhuatanga hauora hinengaro, e aro ana hoki ki ngā take e pā ana ki te mahi a te roro, nā te mea kāore e taea te wehewehe i te hauora hinengaro me te mahi a te roro. E toru ngā wāhanga o tēnei pukapuka.
1. Wāhanga Tuatahi: Ngā Kaupapa Taketake o te DSM-5: Kei roto i tēnei wāhanga he aratohu mō te whakamahinga o tēnei pukapuka e ngā tohunga hauora i roto i ā rātou mahi. Kei roto hoki he aratohu mō te whakamahinga o tēnei pukapuka ina pā ana ki ngā take hauora hinengaro, pērā i ngā take ture me ngā kēhi whakawā.
2. Wāhanga Tuarua: Ngā Paearu Tātaritanga me ngā Waehere: Koinei te wāhanga nui rawa atu, te wāhanga tino hira hoki o te pukapuka. E pā ana ia upoko ki tētahi kāwai mate motuhake. I roto i aua upoko, kua tautuhia māramatia ngā āhuatanga mate e tika ana, ā, kua hoatuhia hoki ngā paearu e tika ana hei tautuhi i aua āhuatanga. Ka tirohia tēnei e tātou i muri mai me ngā taipitopito.
3. Wāhanga Tuatoru: Ngā Ine me ngā Tauira Hou: Ka matapakihia e tēnei wāhanga ngā taputapu aromatawai motuhake hei āwhina i ngā tākuta ki te tautuhi i ētahi āhuatanga. Ka matapakihia hoki te pānga o ngā rerekētanga ahurea ki te tautuhi, me te matapaki i ngā āhuatanga ka tāpirihia pea ki tēnei pukapuka ā muri ake nei hei rangahau anō.
Ko ētahi o ngā momo mate matua kua whakahuatia i roto i te pukapuka DSM-5
Nā, me titiro tātou ki ngā momo mate matua o tēnei pukapuka. Kua rongo pea koe i ēnei ingoa i mua. He roa te rārangi, engari e whakaatu ana i te whānuitanga o ngā mate hauora hinengaro e kapi ana i tēnei pukapuka.
| Kāwai Matepukupuku | Ngā tauira kei raro i tēnā |
|---|---|
| Ngā Mate Pūnaha Whakawhanaketanga Neuro | Mate Autōmia, Mate Kore Aro, Mate Hirahira o te Ako |
| Te Āhuatanga o te Schizophrenia me ētahi atu Mate Hinengaro | Te Mate Hinengaro, Te Mate Pōrangi |
| Ngā Mate Pūrua me ngā Mate e Pā Ana | Ngā Mate Pūrua I me te II |
| Ngā Mate Pōuri | Mate Pouri Nui, Mate Pouri Mau tonu |
| Ngā Mate Manukanuka | Mate Manukanuka Whānui, Mate Manukanuka Hapori, Ngā Whakahāwea |
| Ngā Mate Pūmanawa-Ārai me ngā Mate e Pā Ana | Mate pōrearea-ātete (OCD), Mate Pupuri Taonga |
| Ngā Mate e Pā Ana ki te Whara me te Āwangawanga | Te mate ahotea muri-whara (PTSD), te mate urutau |
| Ngā Mate Whāngai me te Kai | Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa |
| Ngā Mate Moe-Ara | Mate kore moe, Apnea moe, Mate waewae okioki |
| Ngā Mate e Pā Ana ki te Matū me ngā Mate Waranga | Te Mate Whakamahi Waipiro, Ngā Tohu e Pā Ana ki te Whakamutu |
| Ngā Mate Pūtaiao Hinengaro | Te Pōrangi, te Mate a Alzheimer, te Mate a Parkinson, te Whara Roro |
| Ngā Mate Tūāhua | Mate Tūmomo Āhuatanga Rohe (BPD), Mate Tūmomo Āhuatanga Whakahē |
Ka taea hoki e mātou te hoko, te tiro rānei i tēnei pukapuka?
Āe. Kei te wātea te DSM-5 hei hoko i ngā toa pukapuka me te ipurangi. He maha ngā whare pukapuka tūmatanui kei a ia anō (ahakoa kāore pea ētahi e whakaae kia tangohia mai i te whare pukapuka, engari me tirotiro noa i reira).
Engari, me whakamahara atu anō ahau ki a koe, ahakoa e wātea ana tēnei pukapuka ki te marea, kaua e wareware he mea hāngai ki ngā tohunga hauora. Nō reira, he tino hangarau te reo. Tērā pea he tino uaua ki te tangata noa te mārama.
Whakaarohia tētahi pukapuka mō te rere i tētahi waka rererangi. Ka taea e koe te pānui, ā, tera pea he mea whakamere. Engari mā te pānui i taua pukapuka, kāore koe e whakangungua hei pailate, tika? Waihoki, pērā anō hoki tēnei pukapuka DSM-5. He mea morearea pea te pānui, ā, ka whakatau koe he mate hinengaro tōu, tō ētahi atu rānei.
Mena kei a koe tētahi whakapae iti noa iho kei a koe, kei tētahi rānei e arohaina ana e koe, tētahi mate e whakaahuatia ana i roto i tēnei pukapuka, ko te mea pai ko te toro atu ki tētahi tākuta whai tohu.Pērā i tāu rapunga i tētahi tākuta me te kore e pokangahia koe anō, rapua te tohutohu a tētahi tākuta whai tohu kua whakangungua ki ngā take hauora hinengaro.
Karere Tangohia ki te Kāinga
- Ko te DSM-5 te pukapuka matua, te pukapuka paerewa e whakamahia ana e ngā tākuta hinengaro me ngā tohunga hauora hinengaro huri noa i te ao hei tautuhi tika i ngā mate hinengaro.
- I hangaia tēnei i runga i te pūtake pūtaiao me ngā takoha a ngā rau o ngā tohunga mai i ngā whenua rerekē o te ao.
- He mārama ngā whakamāramatanga me ngā paearu tātaritanga o tēnei pukapuka mō ia mate, ā, he tino āwhina i ngā tākuta ki te ārahi i a rātou ki te rapu i te maimoatanga tika.
- Ko te mea nui: He taputapu hangarau te DSM-5 mā ngā tohunga, ehara i te mea mā te marea whānui hei whakamahi hei tātaritanga i a rātou anō. Mena kei te whakapae koe he raruraru hauora hinengaro tōu, tō tētahi rānei e tata ana ki a koe, me rapu tonu i te tohutohu a te tākuta .
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