He tangata koe e mātaki ana i ngā whakaari taihara me ngā kiriata i te pouaka whakaata? Tērā pea kua mōhio koe ki ngā kupu pēnei i te 'DNA test done' me te 'DNA match'. Engari he aha rawa te DNA Fingerprinting? He mea e whakamahia ana hei hopu i ngā kaihara anake? Kāo, he hangarau whakamiharo tēnei e whai tikanga ana mō ngā mea maha atu i tēnā. Me kōrero noa tātou mō tēnei i tēnei rā.
He aha tēnei 'mahere ira' kei roto i ō tātou tinana?
He whakamātau matū te DNA Fingerprinting e whakaatu ana i te hanganga ira o te tangata, o tetahi mea ora rānei. Hei mārama ki tēnei, me mōhio tuatahi tātou he aha te DNA.
Ko te kupu DNA he whakarāpopototanga mō te waikawa deoxyribonucleic . Kei roto i ngā pūtau katoa o tō tinana. Whakaarohia koinei te mahere mō tō oranga katoa.
E whā ngā momo matū matū e hangaia ana i tēnei mekameka DNA. Ka karangatia ēnei e mātou he 'pūtake'. Ka huihui ngātahi ēnei hei hanga i ngā 'pūtake'. E 3 piriona pea ēnei takirua i roto i tō DNA! Mā te raupapa o te hononga o ēnei takirua ka tohutohu i ō pūtau me pēhea te hanga tārua tetahi i tetahi.
Ko tēnei huinga matū katoa te mea e kiia nei e tātou ko te 'ira.' Koinei tō putunga mōhiohio ira katoa.
Ko te mea whakamiharo ko te ōrite o te ira tangata o te ao katoa he 99.9%. Engari ko taua rerekētanga iti nei, 0.1% , te mea e wehewehe ana i a koe i ahau, i te taha tinana me te taha hinengaro, me ahau hoki i tētahi atu. Ko tō tātou āhua, ko ō tātou whanonga, ko tō tātou whakaaro, ko tō tātou ngāwari ki te pāngia e ētahi mate, ka pāngia katoatia ēnei e tēnei rerekētanga iti. Ka whakamahia e te hangarau DNA Fingerprinting ngā matū hei wehewehe i ngā miro DNA me te tango i aua kongakonga 0.1% e motuhake ana ki a koe. Ka kite tātou i taua hua hei tauira rārangi. Ka taea e tātou te whakarite i taua tauira ki tētahi atu tauira.
He aha te whakamahinga o te DNA Fingerprinting?
Mai i tōna hanganga i te tau 1984, kua whakamahia nuitia tēnei hangarau i roto i ngā take whakawakanga me ngā take ture. Kua noho hoki hei mea nui i roto i te rongoā. Me titiro tātou ki ōna painga matua.
| Te mara whakamahi | Ngā tauira me ngā whakaahuatanga |
|---|---|
| Mō ngā take ture me ngā tirotirohanga taihara | |
| Te tautuhi i ngā kaihara | Ka taea te tango i te DNA mai i te tauira makawe, toto, huware rānei i kitea i te wāhi hara, ā, ka whakatauritea ki te DNA o te tangata whakapae. Ka taea hoki te whakamahi hei whakakore i te hara o te tangata. |
| Te whakaū i te whanaungatanga | Ka whakamahia tēnei mō ngā mea pēnei i te whakaū i ngā mātua o te tamaiti (ngā whakamātautau pāpātanga) me te kimi i ngā tuākana/teina ngaro. |
| Te tautuhi i ngā tūpāpaku | Ka whakamahia tēnei hei whakaū i te tuakiri o ngā tinana kua roa e mate ana, pērā i te hunga i mate i tētahi aituā, i tētahi āhuatanga taiao rānei, ā, kua whakangaromia rawatia, ā, kāore e taea te mōhio. |
| Ngā painga hauora | |
| Ngā whakawhitinga okana | Ina hiahia te tangata ki te whakawhitinga okana, pērā i te whatukuhu, i te ate rānei, ka whakamahia te whakamātautau DNA hei tirotiro mēnā he hototahi ngā kiko o te kaituku me te kaiwhiwhi. |
| Te tautuhi i ngā mate tuku iho | Mā tēnei ka āwhina i te tautuhi i ētahi āhuatanga tuku iho i mua i te wā, me te whakatau mēnā he mate tō te tangata ki te whakawhanake i tētahi mate. |
| Te kimi i ngā maimoatanga mō ngā mate | He mea tino nui tēnei hangarau mā ngā kairangahau hei tautuhi i ngā huringa ira e puta ai ēnei mate tuku iho, me te whakawhanake i ngā maimoatanga me ngā rongoā e tika ana mō aua mate. |
Me pēhea te whakahaere i tēnei whakamātautau?
Ehara i te mea uaua, i te mea mamae rānei te tirotiro i te ira DNA, pērā i tō whakaaro. Ko te tango i tētahi tauira pūtau mai i tō tinana. He maha ngā huarahi hei tango i tēnei tauira.
- Waruhia ngā pūtau mai i te taha o roto o te paparinga ki te miro miro.
- Mai i tō kiri.
- Mai i te pūtake o te makawe.
- Mai i te huware, i te werawera, i ētahi atu wai tinana rānei.
Engari ko te tikanga māmā me te mea tino whakamahia ko te tango toto.
He aha ngā mea ka tupu i te taiwhanga?
Kia tangohia te tauira mai i a koe, ka tukuna ki te taiwhanga. Koinei te mea ka tupu:
1. Te wehewehe i te DNA: Tuatahi, ka tāpirihia ngā matū hei wehe i te DNA anake mai i ngā pūtau i roto i tō tauira. Kātahi ka whakarewaina te DNA ki te wai.
2. Te tapahi i te DNA kia mongamonga: Muri iho, ka tapahia e tētahi atu tukanga matū ēnei mekameka DNA roa kia mongamonga iti, he tauira auau hoki e whai tikanga ana ki a tātou.
3. Te tārua i ngā maramara: Ko te mahi e whai ake nei ko te hanga miriona tārua o ēnei maramara DNA iti, kia māmā ake ai te whakamātautau.
4. Te haere mā roto i te tiēre: Ka konatunatua ēnei maramara DNA ki te tiēre, ā, ka tukuna he iahiko mā roto. Kātahi ka wehea ngā maramara DNA ki ngā maramara nui me ngā maramara iti i runga i tō rātou rahi.
5. Ka puta te tauira: Hei whakamutunga, ina tāpirihia he tae motuhake ki tēnei, ina tirohia i raro i te rama UV, i te laser rānei, ka puta he tauira rārangi, he rite ki te waehere pae i runga i ngā hua i roto i te hūpermakete .
6. Whakataurite: Ko tēnei tauira rite ki te waehere pae ko tō tapumati DNA. Kātahi ka taea e koe te whakarite i tēnei ki tētahi tauira i tangohia mai i tētahi atu tauira, ā, ka taea e koe te kī me te tino tika mēnā e ōrite ana, kāore rānei.
Kua tino hira tēnei hangarau hei taputapu e whai pānga nui ana ki ngā āhuatanga maha o tō tātou oranga i ēnei rā.
Karere Tangohia ki te Kāinga
- He whakamātautau tino tika te DNA Fingerprinting e tautuhi ana i te tauira ira ahurei mō ia tangata.
- He mea nui tēnei mō ngā take ture pēnei i ngā tirotirohanga taihara, te whakatū whanaungatanga, me te tautuhi i ngā tūpāpaku kāore i te mōhiotia.
- I roto i te rongoā, e whakamahia ana tēnei hangarau hei kimi i ngā tāngata hototahi mō te whakawhitinga okana, hei tātaritanga i ngā mate tuku iho, me te kimi maimoatanga mō rātou.
- He rite te hua o tēnei whakamātautau ki tētahi 'paepae ira' he mea motuhake ki ia tangata.
- Mena he āwangawanga hauora āu, he pātai rānei e pā ana ki tēnei mea, me kōrero tonu ki tō tākuta mō ētahi tohutohu.
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