Kei te raru anō hoki koe ki te whakahaere i tō oranga nā te whakamahinga o ngā raau taero? (Mate Whakamahinga Matū - SUD) Me kōrero tātou mō tēnei!

Kei te whakaaro koe i ētahi wā, kei te mōhio rānei koe ki tētahi e whakamahi ana i te tarukino, pērā i te waipiro, te hikareti, tētahi atu tarukino rānei, kua nui rawa te whakamahi? I tīmata hei mea ngahau, engari kua waiho hei mea nui, ā, kua pōrearea ngā mea katoa o tō ao? Ki te pērā, he mea nui tēnei kōrero ki a koe. I tēnei rā ka kōrero tātou mō tētahi āhuatanga e kiia nei ko te ' Mate Whakamahi Matū (SUD)'.

He aha tēnei mate whakamahi matū (SUD)?

Ki te whakarapopototanga, ko te mate whakamahi matū (SUD) he āhuatanga hauora hinengaro e tino kino ai te whakamahinga o tētahi matū, ā, ka pāngia tō hauora, tō oranga, me ō whanaungatanga. I mua, i huaina hoki ko te "waranga tarukino".

Whakaarohia, ina whakamahia ēnei rongoā, ka huri haere ngā mahi a ō tātou roro. Ka tukuna e ēnei rongoā tētahi matū e kiia nei ko te `(Dopamine)` i roto i ō tātou roro. Ko tēnei `(Dopamine)` te mea e hari ai, e pai ai hoki tātou. Engari, ina memeha haere te pānga o te rongoā, ka ngaro atu anō taua hari. Kātahi ka hiahia te roro me te tinana kia hoki anō ki taua kare "pai". Ahakoa te kino mō tō hauora, ka mau tonu taua hiahia. Ka pā nui tēnei ki tō oranga hinengaro, ki ō whanaungatanga whānau, ki te mātauranga, me te mahi. I ētahi wā, ka taea e tēnei te whakararu i te ora.

Ka pāngia ia tangata e tēnei mate (SUD) ki ngā taumata rerekē. Tērā pea ka pāngia ētahi e ngā tohu ngawari , ko ētahi he tohu āhua noa iho , ā, ko ētahi ka pāngia e ngā tohu kino . Ahakoa kei hea koe, kia mahara he mate ka taea te rongoā , ā, he maha ngā huarahi hei tiki āwhina mēnā kua rite koe.

He aha ngā momo mate whakamahi matū (SUD)?

He maha ngā momo rongoā ka puta ai tēnei mate. Ko ngā momo e tino kitea ana ko:

• Ngā raruraru e pā ana ki te whakamahinga waipiro ('Te mate whakamahi waipiro').
• Ngā raruraru e pā ana ki te whakamahinga kōkaini ('Te mate whakamahi kōkaini').
• Ngā raruraru e pā ana ki te whakamahinga o te tarukino ('Te mate whakamahi tarukino').
• Ngā raruraru e pā ana ki te whakamahinga tupeka ('Te mate whakamahi tupeka').
• Ngā raruraru e pā ana ki te whakamahinga o te methamphetamine (pērā i te hukapapa) ('Te mate whakamahi methamphetamine').
• Ngā raruraru e pā ana ki te whakamahinga o ngā opioids (ngā rongoā whakamamae pēnei i te heroin me te morphine) ('Te mate whakamahinga opioid').

I ētahi wā ka taea e te tangata te waranga ki ngā tarukino neke atu i te kotahi. Hei tauira, ko te whakamahi tupeka me te waipiro. Ka kiia tēnei ko te "Polysubstance use disorder".

Ina hoki, pērā i ngā whenua maha o te ao, ko tētahi o ngā momo "SUD" e kitea whānuitia ana i roto i tō tātou whenua ko ngā raruraru e pā ana ki te waipiro.

He aha ngā tohu o tēnei mate?

Ka rerekē pea ngā tohu o te mate whakamahi matū i runga i te momo tarukino e whakamahia ana e koe. E rua ngā momo tohu matua:

1. Te haurangi: Koinei ngā pānga o te tango i tētahi tarukino i te wā tonu me te wā poto. Kei roto i tēnei ko te hiamoe, te hiamoe, te nui rawa o te harikoa, me ngā kare ā-roto kaha. Ka pā hoki ki tō whakatau, ki tō whakatau kaupapa, me te mahi tinana me te hinengaro.

2. Ngā tohu o te tango i te tarukino: Koinei ngā tohu e puta ana i te memeha haere o ngā pānga poto o te tarukino, ā, ka puta mārire te tarukino i te tinana. He maha ngā wā kāore e pai ana ēnei. Kei roto i ēnei ko te whakapairuaki me te ruaki, te korere, te werawera, te kore moe, te wiri o ngā uaua, me te hurihanga o te wairua.

He aha ngā tohu o te mate whakamahi matū (SUD)?

E ai ki te Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders a te American Psychiatric Association, ko ngā tohu o te mate e kiia nei ko te "(SUD)" ka uru atu ki:

• Te tango i ngā rongoā (ina koa ko ngā rongoā kua tohua) i te nui atu i te nui i whakaritea , i te roa atu rānei i te wā i whakaritea.
• He hiahia nui, he hiahia nui rānei ki te whakamahi i ngā raau taero.
• Te korenga o ngā nganatanga ki te whakaiti, ki te whakahaere rānei i te whakamahinga o ngā raau taero.
• Te whakapau i te nui o te wā ki te tiki, ki te whakamahi, ki te whakaora rānei i ngā pānga o ngā raau taero.
• Te uaua ki te whakatutuki i ngā kawenga i te mahi, i te kura, i te kāinga rānei nā te whakamahinga o ngā raau taero.
• Te whakamahi tonu i ngā raau taero ahakoa ngā raruraru whanaungatanga.
• Te whakarērea o ngā mahi pāpori, mahi ngaio, whakangahau rānei nā te whakamahinga o ngā raau taero.
• Te whakamahi tonu i ngā raau taero , ahakoa e mōhio ana koe he mea mōrearea ki a koe anō.
• Te whakamahi tonu i ngā raau taero ahakoa he raruraru tinana, hinengaro rānei kei a koe, ā, tera pea ka puta, ka kino ake rānei i te tarukino.
• Te whanaketanga o te manawanui (me whakanui ake te nui o te rongoā kia whiwhi ai i te pānga ōrite - 'manawanui').
• Te pāngia e ngā tohumate tango , e whakamamaetia ana mā te tango i te nui ake o te rongoā.

Ki te whakaaro koe kei a koe tētahi, ētahi rānei o ēnei tohu, he mea tino nui kia rapu tohutohu hauora i te wā e taea ai.

He aha i puta ai ēnei raruraru e pā ana ki te whakamahinga tarukino (SUD)?

Kāore anō kia mōhiotia te tino take o tēnei. Heoi, e kī ana ngā rangahau ko te āhua whakawara o ngā tarukino pea nā ngā huringa o te "pūnaha utu" o tō roro. He māmā noa iho, ka taunga te roro ki te ahuareka rangitahi e tukuna ana e ngā tarukino, kātahi ka hiahia ki taua mea.

Me pēhea te whanaketanga o tēnei mate whakamahi matū (SUD)?

Kua kitea e ngā rangahau he maha ngā āhuatanga ka whai wāhi ki te whanaketanga o tēnei āhuatanga "(SUD)". Hei tauira:

• Te pēhanga pāpori: Te awe mai i ngā hoa, te kīia kia "whakamātauria" i ngā pāti me ngā huihuinga.
• Te hiahia ki te mōhio ki te āhua o te whakamahi i ngā raau taero.
• Te whakapai ake i te mahi: Ki tā ētahi he āwhina ēnei i a rātou kia pai ake ai tā rātou mahi, tā rātou ako rānei mō ngā whakamātautau.
• Te whakamamae i te ahotea: Te ngana ki te whakamamae i te ahotea, te manukanuka, te wehi, me te pouri mō te wā poto.

Ko te tauira e arahi ana ki te āhuatanga `(SUD)` ka penei pea:

1. Te whakamahinga whakamātautau (te whakamahinga rānei i runga i te whakahaunga a te tākuta): Te whakamātau i tētahi rongoā mō te wā tuatahi, te whakamahi rānei i tētahi rongoā e ai ki te whakahaunga a te tākuta.

2. Te whakamahinga i ētahi wā: Te whakamahinga i ētahi wā, pērā i ngā huihuinga pāpori, i te wā e noho tahi ana me ngā hoa, i te whakamahi rānei i te rongoā i tētahi huarahi ehara i te mea i tohua e te tākuta.

3. Te whakamahinga nui: Te whakamahi tonu i ngā raau taero, tata ki ia rā, i ia torutoru rā rānei.

4. Mate Whakamahinga Matū (SUD): He āhuatanga e whakamahi ai te tangata i ngā tarukino i ia rā, i ētahi wā rānei i te rā. Kāore he wā e kore ai e whakamahia ngā tarukino.

He tauira noa iho tēnei, nā te mea ka rerekē rawa tēnei āhuatanga i waenga i te tangata me te tangata, ā, ka rerekē anō hoki te kaha.

Ko wai kei te nui ake te mōrearea ki te whakawhanake i ngā mate whakamahi matū (SUD)?

Ka pāngia te tangata katoa e tēnei mate, ahakoa te pakeke, te iwi, te ira tangata, te tūnga ōhanga rānei. Heoi anō, tera pea ka nui ake tō tūponotanga ki te pāngia e tēnei mate nā ēnei take e whai ake nei:

• Mena kei a koe tētahi atu āhuatanga hauora hinengaro (hei tauira, te pouri, te manukanuka).
• Mena kei tētahi o tō whānau (whānau tūturu) te mate `(SUD)`.
• Mena kua pāngia koe e ngā wheako kino o tō tamarikitanga.
• Mena he ngoikoretanga ira kei roto (ka taea e ētahi whakarerekētanga ira te whakanui ake i te puta o ngā SUD).
• Te pānga ki ngā raau taero, te ngāwari rānei o te uru atu ki aua raau taero .

He aha ngā raruraru ka puta mai i tēnei āhuatanga?

Ko te raruraru tino noa, tino morearea hoki o te SUD ko te nui rawa o te rongoā . Ko te nui rawa o te rongoā ka tangohia e koe. He āhuatanga ohorere hauora tēnei!

He rerekē ngā momo rongoā ka pā ki ngā wāhanga rerekē o te tinana. Hei tauira, ki te nui rawa te opioid i tangohia e koe, ka pā ki te wāhanga o tō roro e whakahaere ana i te manawa. Ki te kore e tere te rongoā, ka pōturi te manawa, ka mutu, ā, ka mate pea koe.

He maha ngā raruraru ka pā mai i te SUD, ā, ka rerekē i runga i te kaha o te mate me te momo rongoā e whakamahia ana. Ko ngā raruraru noa ko:

• Matepukupuku .
• Te pouri .
• Ngā mate urutā (hei tauira, `(Hepatitis B)`, `(Hepatitis C)` me te `(HIV)`).
• Te ngaronga o te mahara .
• Ngā wero mātauranga, ngā wero ngaio rānei .
• Ngā uauatanga i roto i ngā whanaungatanga ā-iwi .
• He whanonga kino, turekore, mōrearea rānei .

Me pēhea te tātaritanga o tēnei mate whakamahi matū (SUD)?

Kāore he whakamātautau kotahi hei tautuhi i tēnei mate. Engari, ka arotakehia e ngā tākuta tō hītori hauora me ō whanonga whakamahi tarukino. Tērā pea ka whakahaerehia hoki e rātou he whakamātautau tarukino hei tirotiro i te nui me te momo tarukino kei roto i tō tinana i te wā kotahi.

Ka pātai atu anō te tākuta mō tō hītori hauora hinengaro, nā te mea he mea noa te noho tahi o te SUD me ētahi atu āhuatanga hauora hinengaro.

E ai ki te pukapuka ā-ringa a te American Psychiatric Association (DSM-5), kia kitea ai he mate e kiia nei ko te "SUD", me rua ngā tohu o te tangata i roto i ngā marama 12 .

He mea nui anō hoki kia maumahara he rerekē ngā taumata o te kaha o tēnei mate:

• Mena e rua, e toru rānei ngā tohu, he āhua `(SUD)` ngawari tēnei.
• Mena e whā, e rima rānei ngā tohu, he āhua `(SUD)` ngawari .
• Mena e ono, neke atu rānei ngā tohu, he mate `(SUD)` kino rawa atu tēnā.

He aha ngā maimoatanga mō tēnei?

Ko te taahiraa tuatahi ki te rongoā i te SUD ko te whakahaere i te tangohanga . Kei roto i tēnei ko te whakamutu i te tarukino me te tuku kia puta i tō tinana. Ka kiia hoki tēnei ko te tangohanga. I runga i te kaha o te mate, ka tohua pea e te tākuta he rongoā hei whakaiti i ngā pānga o ngā tohu tangohanga, he tino uaua pea, i te taha tinana me te hinengaro.

I muri i te mahi "Detox", ka taea e koe te haere tonu me ngā maimoatanga penei:

• Te Tohutohu me te Whakaora .
• Rongoā .

He tino takitahi te maimoatanga mō te SUD. Tērā pea ka hiahia koe ki ngā momo maimoatanga rerekē i ngā wā rerekē i roto i tō haerenga whakaora. He maha ngā wāhi maimoatanga, tae atu ki ngā pokapū maimoatanga noho me ngā pokapū maimoatanga o waho, ngā hapori whakaora wā poto me te wā roa.

Whakaora

He maha ngā momo maimoatanga hei āwhina i te rongoā i te SUD me ētahi atu āhuatanga hauora hinengaro ka noho tahi pea. Ko ētahi o ngā maimoatanga tino whai hua mō te SUD i roto i ngā pakeke ko:

• "Te Maimoatanga Hapori Whakapūmau (ACT)":He huarahi hapori tēnei ki te tiaki hauora hinengaro, kaua ki te wāhi noho tūroro, ki te wāhi hōhipera rānei. He tino whaiaro tēnei. Ka whakaritea tō mahere maimoatanga ki ō kaha, ki ō hiahia, me ō whāinga ā meake nei.
• Te Whakaora Whanoke Hinengaro (CBT): Mā tēnei ka āwhina i a koe ki te tautuhi i ō whanonga raruraru me ō tauira whakaaro. Ka taea e koe te whakatakoto whāinga hei whakatau i ngā raruraru i roto i te huarahi hauora.
• Te whakahaere i ngā āhuatanga ohorere: Ka akiaki tēnei whakaora i a koe ki te whakatakoto whāinga whaiaro. Ina tutuki i a koe tētahi whāinga, ka whiwhi koe i tētahi utu.
• Whakaora Whanoke Whakawhitiwhiti Kōrero (DBT): He whakaora kōrero tēnei, he rite ki te CBT. Ka āwhina i a koe ki te whakahaere i ngā kare ā-roto kaha me te mārama ki te pānga o ō whakaaro ki tō whanonga.
• Whakaora whānau: Ka āwhina tēnei ki te whakapai ake i ngā whanaungatanga me ngā whanonga i roto i te whānau, i te rōpū rānei.
• Whakaora whakapakari hihiri: Ka akiaki tēnei i a koe ki te whakatakoto whāinga ka taea te whakatutuki. Ka akiakihia koe e te kaitohutohu hauora hinengaro ki te mahi ki te whakatutuki i aua whāinga.
• Ngā hapori whakaora (TC): He maimoatanga noho roa tēnei e āwhina ana i te tangata ki te whakawhanake i ngā uara me ngā whanonga hou, hauora e pā ana ki te whakamahinga matū me ētahi atu āhuatanga hauora hinengaro e pā ana.

Ka taea hoki e te whai wāhi atu ki ngā rōpū āwhina-whaiaro pērā i a Narcotics Anonymous te whai wāhi ki te rongoā i te SUD. Ka āwhina ēnei kaupapa i te tangata ki te whakarerekē i ō rātou whanonga mā te āwhina-whaiaro me te tautoko a ngā hoa. Ka āwhina te rongoā rōpū i te hunga whai SUD kia noho mataara, kia karo hoki i ngā raau taero.

Ka tūtohu pea ngā tākuta i ēnei maimoatanga anake, i te whakamahi tahi rānei me te rongoā.

Ngā rongoā e whakamahia ana mō tēnei kaupapa

Ka taea e ngā rongoā te āwhina i te rongoā i ētahi mate SUD mā te whakarerekē i te matū o tō roro. Ka taea hoki e ēnei te āwhina ki te whakamamae i te hiahia me ngā tohumate tango.

Ko ētahi o ngā maimoatanga āwhina-rongoā kua whakaaetia e te US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ko:

• Mō ngā opioid: `(Methadone)`, `(Buprenorphine)` me `(Naltrexone)`.
• Mō te waipiro: `(Naltrexone)`, `(Acamprosate)` me `(Disulfiram)`.
• Mō te tupeka: ngā pākete nikotīni, te rehu ihu, te kapia ngaungau, ngā lozenges rānei; `(Bupropion)` `(Varenicline)` rānei.

Ka taea te ārai i ēnei raruraru e pā ana ki te whakamahinga tarukino (SUD)?

Kāore e taea te ārai i ngā mate katoa o te SUD, nā te mea he maha ngā āhuatanga e whai wāhi ana ki te whanaketanga o te mate (he maha kei tua atu i tō mana whakahaere). Heoi, ka taea e koe te mahi i ngā mahi hei whakaiti i tō mōrearea.

Mā te whakarato mātauranga i roto i ngā kura, i ngā hapori, me roto i ngā whānau, ka taea te whakaiti i te mōrearea o te whakamahinga tarukino tuatahi, te whakamahinga hē rānei o te rongoā kua tohua. Ko ētahi atu huarahi hei ārai i te SUD ko:

• Whāia ngā tohutohu kei runga i tō whakahaunga. Kaua e nui atu i te nui kua whakaritea. Hei tauira, ka tīmata pea ngā raruraru e pā ana ki te whakamahinga o te opioid i muri i ngā rā e rima o te whakamahinga hē.
• Kaua rawa e tohaina ō rongoā kua tohua ki tētahi atu , kaua hoki e hokona ō rongoā. Puritia kia noho haumaru, kia kore e taea e ngā tamariki te toro atu.
• Mena kei a koe ngā rongoā e toe ana (pērā i ngā opioids) i te mutunga o te maimoatanga, kimihia he kaupapa kohikohi rongoā ā-hapori, he kaupapa whakahoki rongoā rānei ka tukuna mā te mēra ki te whare rongoā hei whakakore haumaru i aua rongoā.

Ka piki ake te mōrearea o te whakamahi kino i ngā matū i ngā wā o te ahotea me ngā huringa o te ao. Mō te pakeke, ko ngā mea pēnei i te whakarere, te ngaronga o te mahi, te matenga rānei o tētahi e arohaina ana ka piki ake te mōrearea o te whakamahi kino i ngā matū. Mō te tamaiti nohinohi, ko ngā mea pēnei i te neke, te whakarere whānau, te whakawhiti kura rānei ka piki ake te mōrearea. I ngā wā o te huringa pēnei, he mea nui kia kitea he huarahi hauora hei whakatau i te ahotea, pēnei i te whakakorikori tinana, te whakaaroaro, te ako rānei i tētahi mahi whakangahau hou. Mena kei te raru koe ki te whakahaere i te ahotea, tirohia he kaitohutohu hauora hinengaro .

He aha te tirohanga mō tēnei āhuatanga?

Ko te matapae mō tēnei mate ka whakawhirinaki ki ētahi āhuatanga:

• Te momo me te kaha o te `(SUD)`.
• Te taumata o te whakapau kaha ki te maimoatanga me te whakaoranga.
• Ngā awe ira .
• Me pēhea koe e tū atu ai ina pāngia koe e te ahotea?

He mate mō te wā roa te waranga ki ngā raau taero. Heoi, he tino taea te whakaora . He rerekē ngā huarahi e kitea ai te angitu e ngā tāngata rerekē. He maha ngā tāngata e kitea ana te angitu mā roto i ngā rōpū tautoko pēnei i a Narcotics Anonymous me te rongoā tonu.

He mea noa te hoki whakamuri i roto i te SUD. Ko te hoki whakamuri ko te wā ka mutu te whakamahi i te rongoā mō tētahi wā, kātahi ka tīmata anō te whakamahi. Kātahi ka hiahia koe ki te tango i te paitini me te tīmata anō i te huringa maimoatanga. He tukanga taumaha tēnei. Ka taea e koe te hoki whakamuri i ngā tau maha i muri i tō whakamahinga whakamutunga i te rongoā. Mena kei te mōrearea koe ki te hoki whakamuri, he tino āwhina te whai i tētahi pūnaha tautoko kaha ka taea e koe te whakawhirinaki.

Me arotake tonu tō tākuta i tō mahere maimoatanga. He mea noa te huri o ō whāinga, o tō momo noho rānei. Arā, me whakamātau pea koe i tētahi maimoatanga rerekē, i tētahi rongoā hou rānei. Ka taea e te tākuta te āwhina i a koe ki te mahi i ngā huringa e tika ana puta noa i tō oranga.

Āhea koe me toro atu ki te tākuta?

Mena kei te whakamahi tonu koe i tētahi tarukino, ā, kei te āwangawanga koe kei noho hei tikanga e kore e taea e koe te whakamutu i a koe anō, he mea nui kia kōrero koe ki tētahi tākuta . Ka taea hoki e koe te tiki tohutohu mai i tētahi tākuta mō te kōrero ki āu tamariki mō te SUD me te rapu āwhina i a rātou mena kei te whakaaro rātou kei te mōrearea rātou.

He mate hinengaro uaua te Mate Whakamahinga Matū (SUD). Nā te mea ka whakarerekē te tarukino i te mahi a tō roro, he uaua ki te mutu te whakamahi i ngā tarukino, ahakoa e hiahia ana koe. Heoi, ehara i te mea he he te tono āwhina mēnā e hiahiatia ana, ahakoa koinei tētahi o ngā mea tino uaua ki te mahi.

Hei whakamutunga, me kī atu koe...

He wero te maimoatanga. He mea whakarihariha te tango paitini. He mea whakararuraru te rongoā hinengaro. Engari he tino pai te whakaoranga. I a koe e tīmata ana i tō haerenga maimoatanga, me rapu tautoko pea koe i tētahi hoa pono, i tētahi mema whānau rānei. Ko tā rātou whakatenatena pea te mea e hiahia ana koe ki te kōrero ki tētahi tākuta.

Nā te mea he mate mau tonu te SUD, me whai tiaki tonu pea koe puta noa i tō oranga. Kia maumahara, kei a koe tō tīma tiaki i ia taahiraa o te ara. Kāore koe e hiahia ki te haere ko koe anake i tēnei haerenga. Inoi atu mō te āwhina, ā, kia ora koe.

` Tarukino, waranga, hauora hinengaro, waipiro, tupeka, maimoatanga, whakaoranga