He mea noa te mataku me te manukanuka ina kī mai tō tākuta he nui ake tō ngākau i te mea noa. Kei te ngenge tonu rānei koe, kei te uaua ki te manawa i te piki arawhata, kei te pupuhi rānei ō waewae? He tohu pea ēnei kua rahi ake tō ngākau. Nō reira, i tēnei rā, me kōrero tātou mō tēnei āhuatanga e kiia nei ko te Cardiomegaly, te ngākau nui rānei. Kia mārama tātou he aha tēnei āhuatanga, he aha i puta ai, me ngā mahi me mahi e tātou mōna.
He aha te tikanga o te nui haere o te ngākau?
Ki te kī ngāwari, ko te cardiomegaly te wā ka nui haere tō ngākau i te mea noa. E rua ngā huarahi ka puta ai tēnei. Ko tētahi ko te wā ka matotoru te uaua o te ngākau. Ko tētahi ko te wā ka whānui haere ngā rūma o te ngākau.
Whakaarohia pēnei. Engari ko te hikoi i runga i te whenua papatahi i te rā katoa, ka piki tātou i te puke i ia rā. Kātahi ka kaha ake te mahi a ngā uaua o ō tātou waewae, ā, i roto i te wā, ka nui haere aua uaua. Pērā tonu. Ki te kaha ake te mahi a te ngākau i te tikanga ki te pupuhi toto huri noa i te tinana, ka tīmata hoki ngā uaua o te ngākau ki te nui haere. Engari kia mahara, ehara i te mea ka nui haere ngā uaua o ngā ringa me ngā waewae, ā, kāore te ngākau nui e pai ake ai te mahi i ngā wā katoa. I ētahi wā, ka taea e ia te whakaiti i te mahi.
Ko wai te mea tino mōrearea ki te whakawhanake i tēnei mate?
Ahakoa ka pā tēnei āhuatanga ki te katoa, he nui ake te mōrearea o ētahi tāngata.
- Hītori whānau: Mena kua nui haere te ngākau o tō whaea, tō pāpā, tō whanaunga tata rānei, he nui ake tō tūponotanga.
- Te nui rawa o te inu waipiro: Mō te hunga e inu nui ana i te waipiro mō te wā roa.
- Te Momi hikareti: Nā te mea ka kino tika te momi hikareti ki te ngākau.
- Te toto toto tiketike (hypertension): Ina piki te toto toto, me kaha ake te mahi a te ngākau ki te pupuhi toto.
- Hītori whakaeke ngakau: Mena kua pāngia koe, tētahi rānei o tō whānau e te whakaeke ngakau i mua.
- Te kore whakakori tinana: Mō te hunga e noho puku ana, e iti ana hoki te whakakori tinana.
He aha ngā tohu o te ngākau kua rahi?
He nui te ngākau o ētahi tāngata engari kāore he tohu e pāngia ana e rātou. Heoi, ko ētahi atu pea ka pāngia e tētahi, e ētahi rānei o ēnei tohu:
| Tohu | He whakamārama māmā |
|---|---|
| Te uaua ki te manawa | Te poto o te manawa ina ngenge koe, ina piki arawhata, ahakoa i te wā e tū mārire ana koe. |
| Pupuhi (Edema) | Te pupuhi, inā koa i ngā waewae, i ngā pona waewae, me te puku i ētahi wā. Ka puta tēnei ina nui haere te wai i roto i te tinana i te wā kāore te manawa e pupuhi tika ana i te toto. |
| Ngenge rerekē | Te ngenge nui me te hiamoe, kāore he take. |
| He tangata tauhou i te patunga o te ngākau | Te āhua nei kei te tere te pao o tō ngākau, kei te rere te pao i roto i tō uma, kei te rerekē rānei te pao o tō ngākau. |
| Pōuriuri | Ka puta pea tēnei nā te mea kāore te roro e whiwhi ana i te toto e ranea ana te hāora. |
He aha i nui haere ai te ngākau? He aha ngā take matua?
Ka taea tēnei te take i tētahi āhuatanga hauora e kaha ake ai te mahi a te ngākau. Ko te mate uaua o te ngākau te tino take o tēnei i Sri Lanka. Koinei te take e pā ai ngā whakaekenga ngākau.
Ko te mea nui ko te kimi i te tino pūtake o te ngākau nui, me te rongoā. Kātahi ka taea te whakahaere i te kino o te ngākau.
Hei tāpiritanga, tera pea ētahi atu take:
- Te toto toto tiketike: Ina kore e taea te whakahaere i te toto toto tiketike mō te wā roa.
- Mate Takirere Manawa: Ina kore e mahi tika ngā takirere o te manawa.
- Cardiomyopathy: Te ngoikore o te uaua o te manawa nā te ira tuku iho, nā ētahi atu take rānei.
- Mate Manawa Whānau.
- Te auau o te ngakau rerekē (Arrhythmia).
- Ētahi atu mate: Ka taea tēnei te hua mai i te mate toto kore, ngā raruraru tairoi (Hyperthyroidism/Hypothyroidism), te ngoikore o te whatukuhu, tae atu ki ētahi mate huaketo.
- Te Hapūtanga: Tērā pea ka nui haere te ngākau o ētahi wāhine i te wā e hapū ana.
Me pēhea te tātaritanga a te tākuta i tēnei mate?
Ina haere koe ki te tākuta, ka pātai tuatahi ia ki a koe mō ō tohu me te hītori hauora o tō whānau. Kātahi ka whakarongo ia ki tō ngākau me te stethoscope hei tirotiro mō ngā oro rerekē (ngā murmur o te ngākau). Ka tirohia hoki e ia te pupuhi o ō waewae me ngā uaua pupuhi i tō kaki.
I muri i tera, ka whakaritea e rātou he maha o ngā whakamātautau hei whakaū i te āhua tuturu me te kimi i te take.
| Whakamātautau | He aha tāu e kite nei i roto i tēnei? |
|---|---|
| X-ray o te uma | Tangohia he whakaahua whānui o te ngākau me ngā pukahukahu, ka whiwhi ai i tētahi whakaaro taketake mō te rahi o te ngākau. |
| ECG (Electrocardiogram) | Tirohia te ngohe hiko o te ngākau kia kitea ai ngā raruraru manawataki o te ngākau me ngā tohu o te whakaeke ngakau. |
| Te Whakamātautau Echocardiogram (Echo) | Koinei te whakamātautau tino nui. Ka taea te whakamahi i ngā ngaru ultrasound hei tirotiro i te rahi o te ngākau, te matotoru o ōna pakitara, te pai o te mahi a ngā takirere, me te pai o tana pupuhi toto. |
| Whakamātautau ahotea | Tirohia te urupare a tō ngākau ina whakakorikori tinana koe. |
| Matawai CT, MRI rānei | Tikina he whakaahua 3D taipitopito ake o te ngākau, ka akohia te raruraru kia hohonu ake. |
Me pēhea te rongoā?
Ko te maimoatanga mō te whakanui ngākau ko te whakahaere i te mate taketake i puta ai. Ka taea te wehewehe i ngā tikanga maimoatanga ki ngā wāhanga matua e toru.
1. Ngā huringa āhua noho
He mea tino nui tēnei. Pērā i te rongoā e hoatu ana e te tākuta ki a koe, me mahi anō hoki e koe ēnei mea.
- Te whakahaere tote: Te whakaiti i te nui o te tote i roto i te kai.
- Te whakamutu i te kai paipa: He mea tino tika tēnei māu.
- Te whakawhāiti i te waipiro: Te whakaiti i te nui e taea ana, te whakamutu rānei i te waipiro.
- Te whakahaere i te taumaha tinana: Te pupuri i te taumaha hauora.
2. Ngā rongoā (ngā momo rongoā)
I runga i te take, ka tohua e tō tākuta ngā rongoā rerekē.
- Ngā rongoā mō te toto toto tiketike: Ko ngā rongoā pēnei i ngā aukati ACE me ngā ARB ka whakahaere i te toto toto tiketike.
- Ngā aukati-beta: Āwhina ki te whakahaere i te toto toto me te whakapai ake i te mahi a te ngakau.
- Ngā rongoā whakaheke toto: E mōhiotia ana ko ngā "pire wai," ka āwhina ēnei ki te tango i te wai nui mai i te tinana mā te mimi.
- Ngā rongoā ārai toto: Ka whakaiti i te mōrearea o te toto totoka.
- Ngā rongoā ārai-arrhythmic: Mena he rerekē te tere o te ngakau.
3. Pokanga me ngā taputapu
I ētahi wā, me tāpiri atu ki ngā rongoā, ka hiahiatia pea ētahi atu maimoatanga.
- Te whakaurunga o te taputapu whakateretere: Ki te tere rawa te tere o tō manawa, kia mau tonu ki te auau.
- Te tāuta i tētahi taputapu ICD (Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator): Ka aukati i ngā hapa o te manawa o te ngakau ka puta ohorere mai, ka tukuna he ru hiko ki te ngakau kia whakahokia ai ki te āhua noa.
- Te whakatikatika, te whakakapi rānei i ngā takirere o te ngākau: Mena he raruraru kei ngā takirere o te ngākau.
- Pokanga Ārai, te Whakatakoto rānei i te Stent: Mēnā kua āraia ngā uaua o te ngākau.
Āhea koe me rapu tohutohu hauora tonu? (Āhea te wā e haere ai ki te ETU)
I te nuinga o te wā, ehara te ngākau nui i te āhuatanga ohorere. Heoi, ki te pāngia koe e tētahi o ngā tohu e whai ake nei, me haere tonu koe ki te tari ohorere o te hōhipera (ETU) .
- Mamae o te uma: He mamae e rite ana ki te kikī, ki te kōpiri rānei o te uma.
- Te mamae e horapa ana ki ngā ringa, ki te tuara, ki te kaki, ki te kauae rānei.
- Te ngaro ohorere o te māramatanga (te hemo o te ngākau).
- He tino uaua ki te manawa ahakoa e tū mārire ana.
Karere Tangohia ki te Kāinga
- Ko te Cardiomegaly he mate e puta mai ana ina kaha ake te mahi a te ngākau. Ehara tēnei i te mea hei wehi, engari he mea me aro nui, me rongoā hoki.
- Ko te mea nui ko te kimi i te tino take me te rongoā. Mā tēnei ka āwhina i te ārai i ngā kino atu ki te ngākau.
- Ki te pā mai ngā tohu pēnei i te poto o te manawa, te pupuhi o ō waewae, te ngenge rerekē rānei , kaua e warewarehia. Tirohia tō tākuta tonu.
- He mea tino nui mō tō oranga te tango i te rongoā i tohua e tō tākuta i te wā tika, me te hanga i ngā huringa āhua noho e tika ana (te whakaiti i te kai tote, te whakamutu i te momi hikareti).
- Ki te kitea wawetia, ka rongoatia hoki, ka taea e te nuinga o te tangata te whakahaere pai i tēnei mate me te noho i te oranga noa.
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