He aha tēnei 'epithelium' e kitea ana i ngā wāhi katoa o tō tātou tinana? Kia mārama noa iho tātou!

Kua whakaaro kē koe me pēhea te tiaki a tō tātou kiri i a tātou? Me pēhea rānei tā tātou mimiti i ngā matūkai mai i ngā kai e kainga ana e tātou, me pēhea rānei tā tātou pupuri i ngā mea pēnei i te puehu kia kore ai e uru ki roto i ō tātou tinana ina manawa tātou? Ko tēnei kiko motuhake ka kōrerohia e tātou i tēnei rā e pā ana ki ēnei mea katoa. Ko te ingoa o tēnei ko te epithelium . Kua rongo pea koe i tēnei kupu mai i tētahi tākuta. Nō reira, me titiro tātou ki te aha, ki hea i roto i te tinana, me āna mahi.

He aha te Epithelium? He māmā noa iho...

He momo kiko motuhake te epithelium i roto i tō tātou tinana . Whakaarohia, e kapi ana i te nuinga o ngā mata o roto, o waho hoki o tō tātou tinana, e whakarārangi ana i te taha o roto o ngā poka me ngā whekau tuwhera, ā, koia hoki te kiko matua o roto i ō tātou repe.

Tērā pea kei te whakaaro koe, he aha te mahi a tēnei kiko epithelial ki tō tātou tinana? He maha āna mahi i runga i tōna wāhi . Ko ngā mahi matua ko te tiaki, te whakaputa i ngā momo matū, me te mimiti i ngā mea e tika ana .

E mōhio ana pea koe e whā ngā momo kiko matua o roto i tō tātou tinana:

• kiko epithelial
• kiko hono
• kiko uaua
• kiko io

O ēnei, he mea tino nui te kiko epithelial. Nā te mea ki te hiahia tetahi mea ki te tomo, ki te puta rānei i roto i ō tātou whekau, me haere tuatahi mā roto i tēnei kiko epithelial .

Ka taea e koe te whakaaro e hia ngā wāhi o roto i tō tātou tinana e kitea ai tēnei kiko epithelial. Anei ētahi tauira:

• Ko te paparanga o waho rawa o tō kiri (epidermis)
• Te arai i roto i ō whekau
• Te arai o roto i ō ara manawa
• Te arai i roto i tō kōhao puku
• Ō repe werawera

Kei ngā wāhi katoa te kiko epithelial.

Nā, he aha ngā pūtau epithelial?

He tino māmā noa iho. He mea hanga te kiko epithelial i ngā pūtau epithelial . He rerekē ngā āhua o ēnei pūtau, ā, ka taea te whakarite kia kotahi te paparanga, kia maha rānei ngā paparanga. Kei te wāhi kei reira ngā pūtau i roto i te tinana me te momo mahi e mahia ana e rātou.

I roto i te koiora, ko te pūtau te wāhanga iti rawa o te ora ka taea te ora ko ia anake. He tiriona ngā pūtau e hangaia ana i roto i ō tātou tinana. E toru ngā wāhanga matua o te pūtau:

• Kiriuhi pūtau: Koinei te uhi e karapoti ana i te pūtau. Ka whakahaere i ngā mea e tomo ana, e puta ana hoki i te pūtau.
• Pūtake: Koinei te wāhanga tino nui o te pūtau. Kei roto te nuinga o ngā mōhiohio ira o te pūtau, arā, te DNA .
• Te pūtau toto:Koinei te wāhanga wai o roto i te pūtau. Kei roto ko ngā wāhanga kē atu o te pūtau, arā, ngā hanganga ririki e mahi ana i ngā mahi maha.

Ko ētahi momo pūtau, inā koa ko ngā pūtau epithelial, he hanganga motuhake kei runga i ō rātou mata hei āwhina i a rātou ki te mahi i ā rātou mahi. Anei ētahi tauira:

• Ngā Maikorovilli: He rite ēnei ki ngā maihao ririki e puta mai ana i te mata o ngā pūtau. Engari kāore e neke. Ko tā rātou mahi matua he whakanui ake i te horahanga o te mata o te pūtau. Mā tēnei ka taea e te pūtau te mimiti i ngā mea maha atu. Hei tauira, he mano tini ēnei maikorovilli kei roto i ngā pūtau epithelial i roto i tō whekau iti . Koinei ngā mea e āwhina ana i a koe ki te mimiti i ngā matūkai mai i te kai e kainga ana e koe, ā, ka āwhina hoki rātou ki te tiaki i tō tinana mai i ngā huakita i roto i tō whekau.
• Cilia: He hanganga tino angiangi, he rite ki te huruhuru, he nekeneke ēnei. Kei te mata o ngā pūtau ēnei. Ka taea e rātou te neke i te pūtau katoa, te neke rānei i ngā mea i te mata o waho o te pūtau. He rau ngā cilia o te pūtau he cilia. Whakaarohia, kei roto i ngā pūtau epithelial i roto i tō ara manawa ēnei cilia . Ina manawa koe i te puehu me ētahi atu matūriki, ka mau rātou ki roto i ēnei cilia, ka nekehia ki ngā pongaponga ihu, ka tiakina rātou kei uru ki ngā pukahukahu. Ko tētahi atu tauira ko ngā pūtau epithelial i roto i ngā ngongo Fallopian o ngā wāhine. Ka āwhina ēnei ki te neke i te hua manu mai i te ovary ki te kōpū.
• Stereocilia: He momo microvilli motuhake ēnei. Engari he rite tonu te āhua ki te cilia. He pūwero anō hoki ēnei mai i te mata o ētahi pūtau epithelial. He mea nui ēnei stereocilia mō te whakarongo me te taurite i roto i te kiko epithelial o tō taringa o roto .

He aha ngā momo pūtau epithelial kei reira?

Nā te mea he rerekē ngā mahi a ngā kiko epithelial, he maha ngā momo pūtau epithelial, kei te wāhi e noho ana rātou. Me titiro tātou ki te aha rātou.

Ngā momo pūtau epithelial mā te āhua

E toru ngā momo matua o ngā pūtau i runga i ō rātou āhua:

• Te epithelium kōpiko: He papatahi ēnei pūtau, he rite ki te rau.
• Te epithelium porowhita: He āhua porowhita ēnei pūtau, arā, he rite te teitei, te whānui, me te hohonu.
• Te epithelium poutū: He rite te āhua o ēnei pūtau ki te pou, arā, he teitei ake i te whānui.

Ngā momo e hangai ana ki te whakaritenga o ngā pūtau

He rerekē anō hoki te whakaritenga o ngā pūtau i roto i te kiko epithelial:

• Māmā: Ko te epithelium māmā he mea kotahi anake te paparanga pūtau .
• Paparanga: Ko te epithelium paparanga he mea hanga mai i te neke atu i te kotahi paparanga o ngā pūtau .
• Kua whakarōpūtia:He mea motuhake tēnei. Nā te mea kua tākaihia ngā pūtau, ā, he rerekē te rahi, te āhua nei he maha ngā paparanga. Engari kotahi anake te paparanga o ngā pūtau .

He aha ngā momo matua o ngā pūtau epithelial i roto i tō tinana?

Nā, mā te whakakotahi i te āhua i kōrerotia i runga ake nei me te āhua o te whakaritenga o ngā paparanga pūtau, ka taea e tātou te tautuhi i ētahi momo kiko epithelial. Anei ētahi o aua momo:

• Te epithelium porotaka māmā: Ko tēnei momo e whakarārangi ana i ngā oko toto me ngā poka o te tinana, ā, e whakahaere ana hoki i te haerenga o ngā matū ki ngā kiko o raro.
• He epithelium porowhita māmā: Ka kitea ēnei i roto i te kiko repe (e whakaputa ana i ngā hinu huna) me ngā ngongo whatukuhu.
• Epithelium poutū māmā: He mea motuhake ēnei mō te mimiti. He maha ngā wā he cilia, he microvilli rānei kei te mata o ēnei pūtau. Ka whakarārangihia e ēnei pūtau tō puku me ō whekau.
• Te epithelium papatahi: He mahi tiaki tēnei momo kiko. Hei tauira, ko te tiaki i ngā kiko o raro mai i ngā moroiti, i te kino rānei o te wai. Ko te paparanga o waho o tō kiri (epidermis) he mea hanga mai i ēnei pūtau epithelial papatahi.
• Te epithelium porowhita papatahi: Kāore i te tino kitea tēnei momo. Ka kitea i roto i ngā awa whakaputa uri o ō repe huware me ō repe werawera.
• Te epithelium poutū papatahi: Kāore hoki tēnei i te tino kitea. Kei roto i te kiriuhi mucous (conjunctiva) e whakarārangi ana i ō kamo. Ka tiaki, ka whakaputa hoki i te huware.
• He epithelium poupou kua whakarārangihia: He momo e kapi ana i tō ara manawa o runga. He maha ngā cilia i te nuinga o te wā.

Ngā pūtau epithelial me ngā mahi motuhake

Tērā ētahi pūtau epithelial ka taea te whakarōpū kia rite ki ā rātou mahi motuhake.

• Epithelial whakawhiti: E kiia ana hoki ko te urothelium . He maha ngā paparanga pūtau e hangaia ana. Ko te mea motuhake o tēnei, ina totorohia, ka papatahi ēnei pūtau. Ka whakarārangihia te nuinga o tō ara mimi . Koinei anō hoki te kiko e āhei ai tō pūkahukahu ki te whānui.
• Te epithelium repeure:He mea motuhake tēnei momo epithelium ki te whakaputa me te tuku (puku) i ngā matū. Kei roto i ō repe ēnei. He okana motuhake ngā repe ka taea te hanga, te penapena, me te/ranei te tuku i ngā mea pēnei i ngā homoni, ngā pūmua, me te wai.
• Te epithelium kakara: Kei roto i tō kōhao ihu tēnei. Kei roto ngā pūtau kaiwhakawhiwhi kakara . He roa, he motuhake ngā hanganga o ēnei pūtau e kiia nei ko te cilia. Ina manawa koe, ka mau ngā ngota kakara ki roto i te cilia i a rātou e whiti ana i tēnei mata epithelial. Kātahi ka haere ngā mōhiohio mō aua ngota mai i ngā kaiwhakawhiwhi ki te pūangi kakara i roto i tō roro. Koinei te wāhi e whakamārama ai tō roro he aha taua kakara.

Nā, he aha te mea e tupu ana ki te kiko epithelial? (Ngā Mahi)

Ka taea e koe te kite i te hiranga o te kiko epithelial ki ō tātou tinana. He maha ngā mahi a ēnei pūtau e whai tikanga ana ki ō tātou oranga. Nā te mea kei roto ngā pūtau epithelial i te tinana katoa, he rerekē ā rātou mahi me ā rātou kaupapa i runga i te wāhi e noho ana rātou.

Ko te nuinga o te mahi a te kiko epithelial he mahi i tētahi, i ētahi rānei o ēnei:

• Tiaki: Ka tiakina e te kiko epithelial ngā wāhanga rerekē o tō tātou tinana. Hei tauira, he kiko epithelial te mea hanga o tō kiri . Ka tiakina e ia ngā kiko, ngā oko toto, ngā uaua, me ngā whekau o roto i tō tinana. Waihoki, ko ngā cilia i runga i ngā pūtau epithelial e whakarārangi ana i ō whekau ka tiaki i te toenga o tō tinana mai i ngā huakita i roto i ngā whekau.
• Te Huna: Ka taea e te kiko epithelial i roto i ō repe (glandular epithelium) te huna i ngā whākōkī, ngā homoni, me ngā wai rerekē.
• Ngongo: Ka taea e te kiko epithelial e whakarārangi ana i ō whekau o roto, pērā i tō ate me ō pukahukahu, te ngongo i ētahi mea. Hei tauira, ka ngongohia e te arai epithelial i roto i ō whekau ngā matūkai mai i te kai e kainga ana e koe .
• Te Whakaputa Para: Ko te whakaputa para te tukanga o te tango i ngā para mai i te tinana. Ka whakaputahia e te kiko epithelial i roto i ō whatukuhu ngā para . Ā, ka whakaputahia e te kiko epithelial i roto i ō repe werawera te werawera.
• Tātari: Ka horoia e te epithelium i roto i tō ara manawa te hau e manawahia ana e koe mā te tātari i te puehu me ngā matūriki paru . Waihoki, ka tātarihia e te kiko epithelium i roto i ō whatukuhu ō toto.
• Te horapa: I roto i te koiora, ko te horapa te nekehanga o ngā ngota ngota, ngā matūriki rānei mai i tētahi wāhi he nui ake te kukū ki tētahi wāhi he iti iho te kukū. Ka taea e tētahi kiriuhi māmā i hangaia mai i ngā pūtau epithelial te tuku i ngā matū kua tohua kia haere mā roto. Ka āwhina tēnei tukanga horapa i ngā mahi pēnei i te tātari, te mimiti, me te tukunga.
• Te whiwhinga ā-pūoko:Ka whiwhi ō tātou tinana i ngā mōhiotanga pūoro mai i te ao o waho nā te mea kua whakauruhia ngā pito io pūoro ki roto i te kiko epithelial. Hei tauira, he mea nui ngā stereocilia i te mata o te kiko epithelial i roto i tō taringa mō te whakarongo me te taurite . Waihoki, kua whakauruhia ngā puku reka o tō arero ki roto i te epithelium squamous paparanga o tō arero.

He aha ngā mate ka pā ki te kiko epithelial?

Ko te mōrearea nui rawa atu ki te kiko epithelial ko te tūponotanga o te whakawhanake i ngā mate pukupuku, inā koa ko ngā momo mate pukupuku pērā i te adenocarcinoma , te papillary thyroid carcinoma rānei.

Ko te Adenocarcinoma he momo mate pukupuku e pā ana ki te kiko epithelial glandular e whakarārangi ana i ngā whekau. Koinei te momo mate pukupuku tino noa e puta ana i roto i ngā whekau. Nā te mea:

• Te nuinga o ngā mate pukupuku prostate
• He maha ngā mate pukupuku o te ū
• Tata ki te 96% o ngā mate pukupuku koroni
• Tata ki te 95% o ngā mate pukupuku repeure
• E 40% o ngā mate pukupuku pūkahukahu katoa e tohuhia ana e ngā mate pukupuku pūkahukahu ehara i te pūtau iti.

E 80% o ngā matepukupuku tairoi e pā ana ki te matepukupuku tairoi. Ka pōturi te tipu o tēnei momo matepukupuku. Ahakoa ka horapa ki ngā kōpū lymph i te kaki, ka pai te urupare a te mate ki te rongoā. He tino ngāwari te rongoā, ā, he onge te mate.

Haunga te mate pukupuku, ka puta pea ētahi atu raruraru e pā ana ki te kiko epithelial i roto i ngā whekau maha. Ko ētahi o ngā āhuatanga tino noa ko:

• Te mate huango: Ko te mate huango he āhuatanga e whaiti ai, e pupuhi ai, ā, ka nui rawa pea te hūpē e puta mai ana. I roto i tēnei, ka huri te epithelium bronchial o ngā ara manawa, ka pakarukaru.
• Mate Celiac: Ina kai te tangata whai mate celiac i te gluten (he pūmua kei roto i ētahi witi), ka whakaekea e tōna pūnaha ārai mate ngā microvilli i roto i ngā pūtau epithelial e whakarārangi ana i ōna whekau, ā, ka pakaru. Nā tēnei ka uaua ki ngā whekau te mimiti tika i ngā matūkai.
• Ngā momo Papillomavirus Tangata (HPV) 1-4: Ka taea e te HPV te whakaputa i ngā kiriuhi ki ngā pūtau epithelial i te paparanga o waho o tō kiri (epidermis).
• Te Ātaahua: He āhua te ātaahua e puta ai te āhua hurihuri. He maha ngā take. Ko tētahi take he puranga rerekē o ngā pūtau epithelial squamous paparanga i roto i tō taringa (e kiia ana ko te cholesteatoma ). Ki te kore e rongoatia, ka puta te ātaahua (ngā raruraru taurite) me ngā raruraru whakarongo.

He aha ngā whakamātautau e tirotiro ana i ngā pūtau epithelial?

Nā te mea kei roto i ētahi wāhi nui o te tinana ngā pūtau epithelial, he maha ngā momo whakamātautau e tirotiro ana i ngā pūtau epithelial kia kitea ai mēnā kei roto i ētahi mate. I roto i te rongoā, ko te pathology te tirotiro i ngā pūtau i roto i te kiko tinana, i ngā tauira wai rānei i roto i te taiwhanga hei tātaritanga i te mate. Ko te kaipūtaiao e tirotiro ana i ēnei pūtau ka kiia he pathologist .

Ko ētahi tauira o ngā whakamātautau e pā ana ki te kiko epithelial:

• Ngā pūtau epithelial i roto i te mimi: He whakamātautau te tātaritanga mimi e ine ana i ngā mea maha i roto i tō mimi. Ko tētahi wāhanga o tēnā ko te tatau o ngā pūtau epithelial i roto i te mimi. Ka tirohia e te tohunga taiwhanga tō tauira mimi i raro i te karuārai hei tirotiro mēnā kei roto i te awhe noa te maha o ngā pūtau epithelial. He mea noa te whai i ētahi pūtau epithelial i roto i tō mimi. Engari ki te nui ō rātou, he tohu pea tēnei nō te mate urutā, te mate tākihi, tētahi atu mate kino rānei .
• Te whakamātautau Pap smear / Te whakamātautau Pap: He whakamātautau te whakamātautau Pap hei tirotiro i ngā pūtau epithelial rerekē i roto i te kaki o te wahine he mate pukupuku, he mate pukupuku rānei. I roto i tēnei whakamātautau, ka tangohia e te kaiwhakarato hauora he tauira o ngā pūtau mai i te kaki o te wahine, ka tirohia i raro i te karuārai.
• Ko ētahi whakamātautau koiora: Ko te koiora he tirotiro (i raro i te karuārai) i te kiko i tangohia mai i tētahi wāhanga o te tinana hei rapu i ngā tohu o te mate. He maha ngā momo koiora e tātari ana i ngā pūtau epithelial. Hei tauira, ko te koiora repeure he tango i ngā pūtau epithelial mai i te repeure me te ngira me te tirotiro mō ngā tohu o te mate pukupuku. Ko te koiora mō te mate celiac he tango i ngā pūtau epithelial mai i te arai o te whekau iti mā te endoscopy me te tirotiro mō ngā kino o ngā microvilli i roto i ngā pūtau.
• Ētahi whakamātautau Cytology (whakamātautau Cytology / Cytopathology): Ko te Cytology te tirotiro i ngā pūtau mai i ngā kiko tinana, i ngā wai rānei hei whakatau i te mate. He maha ngā whakamātautau cytology e pā ana ki ngā pūtau epithelial, pērā i te cytology gynecologic, te cytology thyroid, te cytology manawa, me te cytology kanohi.

He aha te rerekētanga i waenga i te epithelium, te endothelium, me te mesothelium?

Ka pōhēhē pea ēnei ingoa e toru nā te mea he āhua ōrite te tangi. Ko te Epithelium, te endothelium , me te mesothelium he momo paparanga pūtau epithelial e toru e whakarārangi ana i ō tātou whekau o roto, i ngā kōhao tinana, ā, e hanga ana i te paparanga o waho o tō tātou kiri.

• Ko te epithelium te mea e whakarārangi ana i ngā ara e tuwhera ana ki te taiao o waho, hei tauira, tō ara manawa me te pūnaha nakunaku.
• Ko te endothelium te mea e whakarārangi ana i ngā awa o roto o te tinana katoa, hei tauira, tō pūnaha tohanga toto (ngā oko toto) me te cornea o tō kanohi.
• Ko te mesothelium te mea e whakarārangi ana i ngā kōhao nui o tō tinana. Hei tauira, ko te kōhao puku (peritoneum), ko te kōhao pukahukahu (pleura), me te kōhao ngākau (pericardium). Ka tukuna e te mesothelium he wai whakahinuhinu e kiia nei ko te wai serous .

Ko te kiko epithelial he momo kiko e mahi ana i ngā mahi maha e tika ana mō te mahi me te hauora o tō tinana. Kua rongo pea koe i tō tākuta e whakamahi ana i te kupu "epithelium" ina kōrero ana mō ētahi whakamātautau, momo matepukupuku rānei. He maha ngā kupu uaua, tauhou pēnei i ēnei i roto i te ao hauora. Ki te kore koe e tino mōhio ki tētahi kupu e whakamahia ana e tō tākuta, kaua e wehi ki te pātai ki a ia he aha te tikanga.

Ngā mea tino nui hei maumahara māu (Karere hei tango ki te kāinga)

Nō reira, ko tāku tumanako he mārama noa iho tō whakaaro mō tēnei 'epithelium' i kōrerohia e tātou i tēnei rā.

• He kiko motuhake te epithelium e mahi ana hei hipoki, ā, e kitea ana i ngā wāhi katoa o te tinana. E kitea ana i ngā wāhi pērā i te kiri, ngā whekau, me te ara manawa.
• He maha ngā mahi nui a tēnei, pērā i te tiaki, te huna, me te mimiti .
• He rerekē ngā momo pūtau epithelial i runga i tō rātou āhua me te whakaritenga.
• Ka pā pea ētahi āhuatanga hauora, inā koa te mate pukupuku , ki tēnei kiko epithelial, ā, e hono ana hoki ki ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te huango me te mate celiac.
• Ka taea te tirotiro i te hauora o ēnei pūtau mā roto i ngā whakamātautau maha (whakamātautau mimi, Pap smear, biopsies) .

Mā te mōhio ki tō tinana ka āwhina nui i a koe kia noho hauora. Nō reira, kia hiahia koe ki te ako atu mō ēnei mea.

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