Kua matewai koe? Me ako tātou mō te hypovolemia!

Kua pā mai te ahua o te hemonga, te pōuri rānei ki a koe? I muri rānei i tētahi aituā nui, i muri rānei i ngā rā o te ruaki nui, te korere rānei, ka kīia "kua ngaro katoa ō wai." I ngā wā pēnei, ka tino heke te nui o te wai i roto i tō tinana, inā koa ō toto. Koinei te āhua ka kōrerohia e tātou i tēnei rā, e kiia nei ko te hypovolemia. Ehara tēnei i te mea ngāwari, ā, ki te kore koe e aro, ka mate pea koe. Nō reira, me kōrero taipitopito tātou mō tēnei.

He aha te Hipovolemia?

Ki te whakarapopoto, ko te hypovolemia te wā kāore e ranea te nui o te wai i roto i tō tinana, ko te toto te nuinga, hei pupuri i te rere tika o tō pūnaha tohanga toto. Ko te "Wai" ehara i te mea ko te wai anake, engari ko te plasma hoki, he wāhanga nui o tō toto, me te wai lymphatic. Ko te lymph he wai motuhake kua whakakiia ki ngā pūtau toto ma e āwhina ana ki te tango i ngā paitini me ngā para mai i te tinana.

Whakaarohia, tata ki te 50% ki te 60% o te taumaha o tō tātou tinana he wai. Nō reira, i roto i tēnei āhua o te hypovolemia, neke atu i te 15% o te katoa o te wai i roto i tō tinana ka heke. He āhuatanga tēnei e hiahia ana kia arohia tonutia e te hauora. Nā te mea ki te kore e rongoatia, he nui te tūponotanga ka pakaru ō tātou whekau nui, ka ohorere, ka mate rānei.

He aha te ohorere hypovolemic? He mea morearea?

Ae, ko te Hypovolemic Shock te momo tino kino me te morearea o te Hypovolemia. He āhuatanga tēnei e hiahia ana kia rongoatia wawetia. Ko te mea e tupu ana i konei ko te kore e taea e te ngākau te pupuhi toto puta noa i te tinana nā te nui o te wai, te ngaronga toto rānei. Whakaarohia he rite ki te motuka kāore he wai. Nā tēnei Hypovolemic Shock, ka tīmata te ngoikore o ngā whekau o te tinana, takitahi.

Ko te ohorere hypovolemic ka puta i te nuinga o te wā ina ngaro te wai o te tinana neke atu i te 20% i te wā kotahi. Ka puta pea tēnei i ngā whara kino (ngā motu nui, ngā weranga), te toto o roto, te ruaki kino rānei i ngā rā maha, i te korere rānei.

Ko wai te hunga ka nui ake te tūponotanga ka pāngia e te hypovolemia? He mate noa tēnei?

Ina hoki, ka taea e te tangata katoa te pāngia e tēnei āhuatanga e kiia nei ko te hypovolemia. Ahakoa kāore he tatauranga tika mō tōna auau, he nui ake te kitea i roto i te hunga e pāngia ana e ngā mate ohorere, te hunga kua pāngia e ngā aituā kino, me ngā tūroro tino mate i roto i ngā wāhanga tiaki nui.

He aha te pānga o te hypovolemia ki tō tātou tinana?

Kia tika ai te mahi a ia okana o roto i tō tātou tinana, me whiwhi ia i te nui tika o te wai, arā, te toto. He rite ki ngā putiputi i te māra. Ina kore he ua, ka maroke ngā putiputi me te kore he wai, tika? Waihoki, ka taea e ō tātou tinana te "maroke" ina kore he wai. Mēnā ka whakatauhia e te tākuta he hypovolemia tōu, ka hoatu e ia he wai tāpiri ki a koe. Pērā i tā tātou whakamakuku i ngā tipu ki te peere wai i te wā ua, kei te whakakī anō te tinana i te wai i ngaro.

He aha ngā tohu o te Hypovolemia?

Ka rerekē pea ēnei tohu i ia tangata, i ia tangata, ā, ka rerekē anō hoki te kaha i runga i te kaha o te mate. Ko ngā tohu noa ko:

• Te pōuriuri i te tū.
• Kiri maroke me te waha.
• Te ngenge, te kore ora rānei.
• Ngā mamae o te uaua.
• Kāore e mimi, ka iti haere rānei te nui o te mimi e tukuna ana, ka pōuri te tae.

Nā, kia titiro tātou ki ngā tohu o tētahi mate kino, e morearea ana ki te ora pērā i te Hypovolemic Shock:

• Pōhēhētanga.
• Te uaua ki te manawa, te tere rānei o te manawa.
• Te werawera nui.
• Te ngaro o te māramatanga.
• Te toto toto iti.
• Te pāmahana tinana iti.
• He kiri mā, he kikorangi rānei i ētahi wā ngā ngutu me te kiri (cyanosis).

Ki te pāngia koe e ēnei tohu, inā koa i muri i tētahi aituā, me te ruaki/korere nui hoki, me haere tonu koe ki te rūma whawhati tata o te hōhipera.

He aha te take e puta ai te hypovolemia? He aha ngā take?

Ko te tino take o te hypovolemia ko te ngaronga o te wai, te toto rānei i te tinana. He maha ngā huarahi e taea ai tēnei:

• Whara: Ngā motu, ngā weranga, me ētahi atu whara ki te mata o te tinana.
• Ngā mate: Ngā āhuatanga e whakaatu ana i ngā tohu pēnei i te ruaki me te korere tonu (hei tauira, te mamae nui o te puku, ētahi kirika huaketo).
• Te toto o roto: Te toto e puta ana i roto i te tinana mō tētahi take. He mea morearea tēnei nā te mea kāore e kitea mai i waho.
• Te maroke, te kore kai rānei: Ka heke te nui o te toto nā te kore e nui te wai me ngā tote (ngā irahiko) e uru ana ki roto i te tinana.
• Te werawera nui: I te wā e whakakorikori tinana ana, i te wā rānei kei a koe tētahi āhuatanga e hua ai te werawera nui (hyperhidrosis).

Me pēhea te kite i te hypovolemia?

Ina kite koe i tētahi tākuta, ka pātai tuatahi ia ki a koe mō tō hītori hauora. Kātahi ka whakahaerehia he whakamātautau tinana, ā, ka tonoa pea e rātou ētahi whakamātautau hei tirotiro i ō taumata wai me te konutai. He tohu anō hoki te iti o te konutai mō te hypovolemia. Mena ka whakaūhia e ēnei whakamātautau he hypovolemia tōu, ka ngana te tākuta ki te kimi i te tino take o ō taumata wai iti. Nā te mea ka āwhina te kimi i te take i a koe ki te tīmata wawe i te maimoatanga.

He aha ngā whakamātautau e mahia ana mō tēnei?

Ka whakahaerehia pea e te tākuta ētahi whakamātautau hei whakaū i tēnei mate:

• Te whakamātautau kiri me te kiriuhi mucous: I te wā e tirotirohia ana tō kiri, i roto i tō waha, i tō arero, me tō ihu mō te maroke. Ko te maroke he tohu o tēnei mate.
• Te tere o te manawa, te pāmahana o te tinana, me te toto toto: Ka inehia ēnei i a koe e noho ana, e tū ana rānei, kia kitea ai mēnā he rerekētanga. Ka tirohia hoki e rātou ngā tohu pēnei i te whanoke ina huri koe i tō tūnga.
• Ngā whakamātautau toto, mimi rānei hei tirotiro i te mahi a te whatukuhu.
• Ngā whakamātautau whakaahua pērā i te ultrasound me te echocardiogram.

Me pēhea te rongoā mō te hypovolemia?

Ko te tīmatanga wawe o te maimoatanga te huarahi pai ki te ora ake i tēnei mate. Ko te whāinga matua o te maimoatanga he whakahoki mai i te nui o te wai i ngaro i te tinana. Ka kiia tēnei ko te whakaora wai. Ko te tikanga o tēnei ko te hoatu wai mā roto i te uaua (IV - intravenous). Ka rerekē pea te momo wai ka hoatu ki a koe i runga i te momo wai e hiahiatia ana e tō tinana:

• Te whakawhiti toto: Ka hoatu te toto mai i te kaituku hei whakakapi i te toto i ngaro i tō tinana.
• Ngā otinga tioataroiti: He otinga ēnei i hangaia mā te tāpiri i te tote tote), te huka (dextrose), te konutai, te pūhaumāota, te pāhare pāporo, te konupūmā, me te otinga Ringer lactated.
• Ngā korōiti: Kei roto i ēnei ngā matūriki nunui. Ka noho tonu ēnei ki roto i ngā oko toto. Ko ētahi tauira ko te pūmua me te māngaro heta.

Haunga te hoatu i tēnei wai ki a koe, ka rongoā anō hoki tō tākuta i te take o tō hypovolemia. Kei roto i tēnei ko:

• Mena he mate pāwera, he mate rānei, me rongoā.
• Ki te mea he patunga, hei whakaora.
• Te whakarato i te tinana ki ngā matūkai (pērā i te konutai, i ngā electrolytes rānei) e hapa ana.

Kia pēhea te roa o te wā e ora ai i muri i te maimoatanga?

Ka roa te hypovolemia kia whakakīia anō ngā taumata wai o te tinana. Tērā pea ka roa tēnei i waenga i ētahi rā ki ētahi wiki. I muri i te tīmatanga o te maimoatanga, ka ata hoatuhia ngā wai. Kaua e hoatu he nui i te wā kotahi. Tērā pea ka nui ake ngā wai IV i te tuatahi, kātahi ka whakaitihia te nui ina tata te taumata wai ki te 100%, kātahi ka mutu te maimoatanga ina tau te taumata wai, ā, kua ngaro ō tohumate.

Me pēhea te whakaiti i te mōrearea o te hypovolemia?

Ahakoa i ētahi wā ka puta te hypovolemia nā ngā āhuatanga o waho kāore e taea e tātou te whakahaere, he maha ngā mea ka taea e tātou te mahi hei whakaiti i te mōrearea:

• Ki te pāngia koe e te mate urutā, te whara, te mate rānei, me tere tonu te rongoā.
• Āta karohia ngā mahi e nui ai te werawera. Ki te pērā koe, inumia he nui te wai i waenganui i aua mahi.
• Inumia he nui te wai i ngā wā katoa, kia mau hoki te wai i roto i tō tinana.
• Whakamahia ngā Taputapu Tiaki Whaiaro (PPE) hei tiaki i a koe mai i ngā motu me ngā weranga (hei tauira, i te mahi, i a koe e mahi ana i ngā mahi o te whare).

Ka aha mēnā ka pāngia koe e te hypovolemia? He aha te tirohanga whakamua?

Kāore te mutunga mō te hunga katoa e pāngia ana e tēnei mate e rite ana. Kei te āhua o te taea te whakamutu me te rongoā tika i te take o te ngaronga toto, wai rānei. Heoi, ki te kitea wawetia te mate, ā, ka rongoātia, ka taea te whakaora. Ki te kore e rongoātia, ki te kore rānei e rongoātia i te wā roa, ka tūpono pea te ora, ka pā kino tonu ki ngā okana, ka mate rānei.

I muri i te tīmatanga o te maimoatanga hei whakahoki mai i ngā taumata wai i ngaro i roto i te tinana, ka heke haere ngā tohu, ā, ka ngaro katoa atu ina hoki anō ngā taumata wai o te tinana ki te āhua noa.

Me pēhea taku tiaki i ahau anō? (Te tiaki i ahau anō)

Kia mōhio koe kei te pāngia koe e te hypovolemia, he maha ngā mea ka taea e koe te mahi hei tiaki i a koe anō:

• Okioki pai.
• Me noho tawhiti atu i ngā mahi uaua mō tētahi wā.
• Inumia he nui te wai i ngā wā katoa, kia kore ai e matewai.
• Kai i tētahi kai taurite, kai totika hoki.

Āhea koe me haere ki te Wāhanga Maimoatanga Ohotata (ETU) ?

Mena kei a koe ngā tohu o te hypovolemia, ina koa ka puta i muri i tētahi o ngā mea e whai ake nei, haere tonu ki te rūma whawhati tata o te hōhipera:

• I muri i tētahi aituā, pērā i te weranga, te motu, te whara rānei.
• I muri i tētahi mate pēnei i te mamae nui o te puku, me te ruaki tonu, te korere rānei.
• I muri i te rā kotahi kāore e taea te kai, te inu rānei.
• I muri i tētahi mahi, i tētahi huihuinga rānei e nui ake ai te werawera i te mea noa.

He aha ngā pātai me pātai atu e au ki te tākuta?

Ina haere koe ki te tākuta, he mea pai kia pātai koe i ēnei pātai:

• Kia pēhea te roa me whiwhi au i ngā wai IV (saline)?
• He aha te take o te ngaronga o tōku toto?
• Āhea ahau ka taea ai te hoki anō ki aku mahi o ia rā i muri i te maimoatanga?
• Me pēhea taku ārai i ahau kia kore ai e matewai i muri i te maimoatanga?

He aha te rerekētanga i waenga i te Hypovolemia me te Hypervolemia?

Ko te hypovolemia me te hypervolemia he āhuatanga e pā ana ki te nui o te wai, o te toto rānei i roto i tō tinana. Ko te tikanga o te kupu "hypo" he "iti iho" he "iti iho" rānei. Ko te tikanga o te kupu "hyper" he "nui atu" he "nui atu" rānei. Nō reira, ki te pāngia koe e te hypovolemia, kāore i te nui te wai i roto i tō tinana. Ki te pāngia koe e te hypervolemia, he nui rawa te wai i roto i tō tinana.

Hei whakamutunga, ngā mea hei maumahara

He tino mate kino te ngaronga o te toto, o te wai rānei i te tinana, me rongoā tonu. Mena kua pāngia koe e tētahi aituā, kua pāngia rānei koe e te mate, ā, kei te pāngia koe e ngā tohu o te hypovolemia, haere tonu ki te rūma whawhati tata.

Mena he tino ngawari ō tohu, tirohia tō tākuta, ka kōrero mō ngā huarahi hei whakakī anō i ngā wai kua ngaro i tō tinana. Mā te inu nui i ngā wai me te okioki nui ka āwhina i te whakahaere i tēnei āhuatanga. Mena ka kitea tēnei āhuatanga kei a koe, tera pea ka whakararuraru i ō mahi o ia rā, engari mā te maimoatanga mō te hypovolemia, ka taea e koe te hoki ki te āhua noa i te mea ka hoki anō ngā wai o tō tinana ki te āhua noa.