Kei te āhua nei kei te puta mai he uaua toto hou i roto i tō kanohi? Me kōrero tāua mō tēnei neovascularization o te kanohi?

I ētahi wā ka pāngia ō tātou kanohi e ngā raruraru ohorere, kāore? Kātahi ka pōuriuri te tirohanga, ka whero, ka mamae rānei ō tātou kanohi. Tērā pea he āhuatanga kei muri i ēnei mea kāore anō kia rangona whānuitia. Ko tētahi o aua āhuatanga ko te ocular neovascularization, arā, te hanganga o ngā uaua toto hou i roto i te kanohi.

He aha te hanganga o ngā oko toto hou i roto i te kanohi? (Te Neovascularization o te Kanohi)

He whakarāpopototanga noa iho, koinei te wā e puta ai ngā uaua toto hou i roto i te kanohi. Heoi, ka tipu ēnei uaua toto ki ngā wāhi kāore i tika, i ngā huarahi kāore i tika, ā, i ētahi wā ka nui rawa atu . Ka tipu pērā i te taru. Ka taea hoki te puta he kiko muka hou i waenganui i ēnei uaua toto hou. Koinei te wā ka tīmata te pānga o te tirohanga.

Koinei te mea e kiia nei e tātou i roto i te rongoā ko te "Neovascularization", arā, ko te hanganga o ngā uaua toto hou kāore e hiahiatia i roto i te kanohi. Ka taea e tēnei te arahi ki te mumura me te whara i roto i te kanohi, ā, i te mutunga ka heke, ka ngaro katoa rānei te tirohanga . I te nuinga o te wā, ka puta tēnei āhuatanga i te whara , i te mate tonu rānei.

Kei hea i roto i te kanohi ka taea te hanga i ēnei uaua toto hou?

Nā, kia tirohia ngā wāhanga o te kanohi ka pāngia e ēnei uaua toto hou. He okana tino uaua, he okana ngāwari hoki te kanohi.

• Kōroide: Kei waenganui i te retina me te sclera tēnei, te wāhanga mā o te kanohi. Koinei te wāhi e noho ai te nuinga o ngā uaua toto e tuku toto ana ki te kanohi.
• Retina: Koinei te wāhi e hurihia ai te mārama e uru ana ki te kanohi hei tohu hiko, ka tukuna ki te roro. Koinei te mea e āhei ai tātou ki te kite i ngā mea.
• Macula: Kei waenganui o te retina tēnei. Ka āwhina i a tātou ki te kite mārama i ngā mea kei mua tonu i a tātou.
• Ārai kanohi: Koinei te wāhanga o te kanohi e homai ana tōna tae. Kei konei anō hoki te porowhita pango iti i waenganui, arā, te āputa .
• Kornea: Koinei te wāhanga mārama, rite ki te karāhe o te kanohi kei mua, he rite ki te matapihi.
• Conjunctiva: He kiriuhi angiangi tēnei e tiaki ana i te kanohi.

Te hanganga o ngā oko toto hou i roto i te paparanga toto `(Choroidal Neovascularization - CNV)`

Nā, me titiro tātou ki tēnei `(Choroid)`, arā, te hanganga o ngā oko toto hou i roto i te paparanga vascular. Ka kiia tēnei ko te `(Choroidal Neovascularization - CNV)`.

Ko te mea tino kitea tēnei i roto i te hunga e pāngia ana e te mate kanohi e pā ana ki te koroheketanga (AMD). E whakapono ana ngā tākuta ko te take ko te pikinga o ngā taumata o te matū e kiia nei ko te Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF), e whakaputaina ana e te retina o te tangata e pāngia ana e te AMD.

Kāore ēnei uaua toto hou i te āhua noa. He ngoikore rawa, pērā i te paipa pakaru.Ka taea e tēnei te turuturu i ngā wai, tae atu ki te toto i ētahi wā, ki roto i te retina. Whakaarohia he rite ki tētahi poihau iti kua kī tonu i te wai, ā, ka puta he mirumiru ki runga i te retina.

Ka taea hoki e ēnei take o te `(CNV)` te hanga i ngā oko toto hou ki te retina matua (Macular Neovascularization - MNV). Heoi, i ētahi wā ka puta te `(MNV)` me te kore he take. I roto i ēnei āhuatanga, ka kiia hoki ko te `(Idiopathic)`, ko tōna tikanga "kāore i te mōhiotia te take".

Te Whakapūtanga Hou o te Kornea

Muri iho, me kōrero tātou mō te hanganga o ngā uaua toto hou i roto i te cornea. Kia maumahara, ko te cornea te wāhanga mārama o te kanohi. I te nuinga o te wā, kāore he uaua toto i roto. Koia te take he mārama rawa. Nō reira, ki te puta he uaua toto hou ki roto, ka taea te whakararuraru i taua māramatanga, ā, ka rite ki te kohu. Ka taea e tēnei te whakapouri i te tirohanga.

E pā ana tēnei "Neovascularization Corneal" ki ngā momo mate kanohi.

Te Whakapūtanga o te Retina

Ko te neovascularization o te retina ko te hanganga o ngā oko toto hou, rerekē i roto i te retina. Kia maumahara, ko te retina te wāhi e noho ai ngā pūtau e kite ana i te mārama. Ka taea tēnei āhuatanga te puta mai i ngā mate me ngā whara maha. He ngoikore ēnei oko toto hou, ā, ka taea te toto me te turuturu wai.

Te Neovascularization o te Iris

Ko te Neovascularization o te Iris ko te whanaketanga o ngā oko toto hou, rerekē hoki i roto i te iris – te wāhanga o te kanohi e hoatu ana i te tae ki te kanohi. E kiia ana hoki ko te Rubeosis Iridis. He hononga tēnei ki tētahi momo glaucoma kino e kiia nei ko te Neovascular Glaucoma. Ko te Glaucoma he mate e kino ai te io whatu, ā, he tūmomo mōrearea nui ki te tirohanga.

He aha ngā tohu o tēnei mate?

Nā, kia tirohia tātou he aha ngā tohu ka pā mai, ka kitea hoki ina puta mai ngā uaua toto hou i roto i te kanohi. Tērā pea ka rerekē ēnei tohu i runga i te wāhi i puta mai ai ngā uaua toto hou.

Mena ka puta he uaua toto hou i roto i te choroid me te macula:

• Tērā pea ka āhua pēpeke, he pōhēhē hoki ngā mea e kite ana koe, pērā i te titiro mā roto i te wai, i te whakaata pēpeke rānei.
• Ki te titiro tika koe ki mua, tera pea ka kite koe i tētahi wāhi takoto kau, i tētahi ira pango rānei i waenganui o tō tirohanga.

Mena ka puta he uaua toto hou ki te kornea (Te Whakapūngao Toto o te Kornea):

Kāore pea he tohu e pā mai ana ki a koe. Heoi, ki te pā mai, ka pā mai pea ēnei ki a koe:

• Mamae kanohi.
• Te whero o ngā kanohi.
• Ngā kanohi wai.
• Te aro nui ki te mārama (Te mataku ki te hihi o te rā) - Ko te tikanga he uaua ki te titiro ki ngā mea pēnei i te hihi o te rā me ngā rama kanapa.
• Ki te mau koe i ngā karaihe whakapā, tērā pea kāore e taea e koe te mau mō ngā haora neke atu.

He aha tēnei e tupu nei? He aha ngā take?

Āe, me titiro tātou ki te take e puta ai ngā uaua toto hou i roto i te kanohi i tēnei ara, me ngā take hoki. He rerekē ngā take mō ēnei hanganga i ia wāhi.

Ngā take o te hanganga o ngā oko toto hou i roto i te choroid me te macula:

• Te pirau o te macular: Koinei te tino take.
• Te tirohanga tata rawa atu.
• Ko te histoplasmosis kanohi he mate harore o te kanohi.
• Te whara o te kanohi.
• Ngā rārangi angioid: He rite ēnei ki ngā kapiti e puta ana i tētahi o ngā paparanga o te retina.
• Uveitis: He rōpū mate kanohi tēnei ka puta ai te mumura i roto i te kanohi, te whero, me te mamae o te kanohi.

Ngā take o te hanganga o ngā oko toto hou i roto i te cornea:

• Ngā mate whānau: Ko ēnei ngā mate e kitea ana i te whānautanga mai.
• Ngā whara kanohi: Hei tauira, ngā weranga matū.
• Keratitis pangia.
• Mate pāwera.
• Te pūnaha ārai mate me ngā mate mumura.
• Mā te whakamahinga roa o ngā karaihe whakapā ka pā te korenga o te hāora ki ngā kiko (Hypoxia).
• Te whakakorenga o te tinana i te tākai o te kornea.

Ngā take o te hanganga o ngā oko toto hou i roto i te retina:

• Te mate retina.
• Retinopathy: Kei roto i tēnei ko ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te retinopathy e pā ana ki te mate huka, te retinopathy pūtau hāripiri, me te retinopathy o te whānautanga wawe.
• Te hekenga o te rere o te toto i roto i ngā uaua toto matua o tō kaki (ngā uaua carotid).
• Te aukati i te uaua retina: Koinei te aukati i te oko toto i roto i te retina.

Ngā take o te putanga mai o ngā oko toto hou i roto i te iris:

• Te retinopathy e pā ana ki te mate huka.
• Te aukati o te uaua retinal pokapū.
• Te mate ocular ischemic: He āhuatanga e puta mai ana i te hekenga o te rere o te toto ki te kanohi.
• Te wetewete o te retina: Koinei te wā e wehe ai te retina i ōna kiko tautoko.
• Te uveitis.

Me pēhea e mōhio ai koe ki tēnei? He aha ngā whakamātautau?

Āe, ki te mea kei a koe ēnei tohu, me pēhea te tautuhi tika a te tākuta i te mate? He maha ngā whakamātautau hei whakahaere i tēnā.

• Whakamātautau kanohi mō te rama kuiti whānui:I tēnei mahi, ka pania he pata kanohi ki te kanohi, ka whakanuia te kamo , ā, ka tirotirohia marietia te taha o roto o te kanohi mā te whakamahi i tētahi taputapu motuhake, pērā i te karu hiko.
• Te Tomography Whārite Ātaahua (OCT): He rite tēnei ki te matawai i te roto o te kanohi. Ka taea e ia te tango whakaahua whakawhiti-wāhanga mārama o ngā paparanga o roto o te kanohi. Ka taea e ia te rapu i ngā mea pēnei i ngā uaua toto hou me ngā turuturu wai.
• Te angiography fluorescein, te angiography Indocyanine green rānei: Ko te werohanga i tētahi tae motuhake ki roto i tētahi uaua i roto i tō ringa, me te tango pikitia o ngā oko toto i roto i tō kanohi. Ka taea e tēnei te whakaatu mārama i ngā mea pēnei i te aukati me te turuturu i roto i ngā oko toto.

He aha ngā maimoatanga?

Ka rerekē te maimoatanga mō tēnei mate i runga i te take me te wāhanga o te kanohi e pāngia ana. Ko te tikanga, kei roto i ēnei maimoatanga he rongoā me/te tango i te toto, e whakangaro ana i ngā oko toto hou, rerekē.

Ngā momo rongoā:

Ko ētahi o ēnei he werohanga ā-roto-ataata e tukuna tika ana ki roto i te kanohi. Ko te mahi matua o ēnei he whakahaere i tētahi matū e kiia nei ko te VEGF me te whakaiti i te hanganga o ngā uaua toto hou.

• `Bevacizumab (Avastin®)` (E whakamahia ana tēnei `(kāore i te tapanga)`, arā, ehara i te mea mō te mate kua whakaaetia, engari nā te mea e mōhiotia ana he whai hua)
• `Brolucizumab (Beovu®)`
• `Aflibercept (Eylea®)`
• `Ranibizumab (Lucentis®)`
• Te rongoā ira: He tikanga rongoā hou tēnei kei roto tonu i te wāhanga rangahau.
• Ngā aukati MMP: Hei tauira, he pire e kīia ana ko Doxycycline , e hoatu ana hei whakaoho i te tipu o ngā uaua toto hou i roto i te cornea.

Ngā tikanga hei whakangaro i ngā kiko rerekē:

• Te whakaora i te kiri mā te taiaho: Ka whakamahia ngā hihi taiaho hei "tahu" me te whakangaro i ngā oko toto hou.
• Te rongoā whakaahua-ā-rama (PDT): Ko te werohanga i tētahi rongoā e aro ana ki te mārama ki roto i te kanohi, kātahi ka whiti i tētahi mārama motuhake ki roto i te kanohi hei whakangaro i ngā oko toto rerekē.
• Te whakakā: Ka whakamahia e tēnei tikanga te wera hei rongoā i ngā oko toto rerekē.

Kia maumahara hoki: Ka pāngia pea te tinana e ngā pānga taha o ēnei maimoatanga. Hei tauira, ka pāngia te tinana katoa e ngā steroids me ngā rongoā anti-VEGF. Waihoki, ina whakangaromia ngā oko toto, ka pakaru pea ngā kiko hauora i ētahi wā. Nō reira, he mea nui kia kōrerohia ngā painga me ngā huakore o ia maimoatanga me tō tākuta, ā, whiriwhiria te mea e pai ana māu.

He aha tā tātou e taea ai hei tiaki i a tātou i tēnei āhuatanga?

Ahakoa kāore e taea te ārai katoa i tēnei āhuatanga, kei reira ētahi mea ka taea e tātou te mahi hei tiaki i ō tātou kanohi me te whakaiti i te mōrearea:

• I mua i te titiro kanohiHoroia ō ringaringa kia tino horoia ki te hopi.
• Ki te mau koe i ngā karaihe whakapā, whai i ngā tohutohu tika mō te whakamahi me te horoi i aua karaihe. Kaua e mau mō te roa atu i te wā kua whakaritea. Tangohia i a koe e moe ana.
• Pātai atu ki tō tākuta mō ngā kai me ngā tāpiringa hei āwhina i te pupuri i te hauora o ō kanohi. Mō te hunga whai AMD, he momo tāpiringa kei reira ko te AREDS 2 e taea ai te aukati, te whakahaere rānei i te haere whakamua o te mate i ōna wāhanga tōmua.
• Whai i ngā tikanga noho hauora. Ko te tikanga o tēnei ko te kai i tētahi kai taurite, te whakakori tinana i ngā wā katoa , me te karo i te kai hikareti. Mena he mate hauora tōu, pērā i te mate huka, te toto toto tiketike rānei, kia pai te whakahaere i aua mate.

He aha ngā mea ka taea te tumanako mai i tēnei āhuatanga?

Ki te kore tēnei hanganga toto hou e rongoatia, ka memeha haere tō tirohanga, ā, ka ngaro haere. He pānga nui tēnā ki tō oranga, kāore?

He maha ngā āhuatanga e pā ana ki te angitu o te maimoatanga. Kei roto i ēnei ko te wāhi o te toto totoka, te kaha o tōna mate, tō tau, me te mea kei a koe ētahi atu raruraru hauora. Ko te tere o te tautuhi me te rongoā, ko te pai ake o te putanga.

Āhea ahau me toro atu ki te tākuta?

Ki te ngaro whakarere tō tirohanga, ka pāngia koe e te mamae nui o te kanohi, ka pāngia rānei koe e te werawera e uaua ai te kite i te mārama, me toro atu ki te tākuta tonu. Waihoki, ki te kite koe i ētahi panonitanga o tō tirohanga (hei tauira, te tirohanga pōuri, ngā ira pango), me ētahi atu tohu e whakapaetia ana e koe he raruraru pea, me toro atu ki te tākuta kanohi tonu.

He mea nui anō hoki kia tirohia ō kanohi i ia wā, i ia wā, e ai ki ngā taunakitanga a tō tākuta kanohi. Mena kei te mōrearea koe ki ētahi mate kanohi (hei tauira, te mate huka, te hītori whānau o te AMD), me haere pea koe ki te tirotiro i ō kanohi i ia wā.

He rerekē te "Neovascularization" me te "Angiogenesis"?

He kaupapa hōhonu tēnei, engari ki te kī māmā noa, ko te `(Angiogenesis)` te tukanga o te peka mai o ngā oko toto hou mai i ngā oko toto o mua. Ko te `(Vasculogenesis)` te tukanga o te tīmatanga mai o ngā oko toto hou mai i ngā pūtau (me te mea kei te tīmata mai i te tīmatanga). Ka taea te whakamahi i te `(Neovascularization)` hei hanga i ngā oko toto hou i ngā huarahi e rua. Nō reira, he whānui te kupu `(Neovascularization)`, ā, ka uru atu ki ēnei momo hanganga oko toto hou katoa.

Ko ngā mea tino nui hei maumahara mā tātou i tēnei pūrākau ko

Nō reira, kua maha ā tātou kōrero mō tēnei āhuatanga e kiia nei ko te "Neovascularization of the Eye", arā, ka puta mai ngā uaua toto hou i roto i te kanohi. Ahakoa he āhua whakamataku tēnei, ki te kitea, ka rongoatia hoki i te wā tika, he nui te tūponotanga ka taea te whakahaere i te āhuatanga, ā, ka taea te tiaki i te tirohanga.

• Ki te pāngia koe e te panoni ohorere o te tirohanga, te whero, te mamae, te uaua rānei ki te kite i te māramatanga kanapa, kaua e whakaroa. Tirohia tonutia te tākuta kanohi.
• Mena kei a koe ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te mate huka, te hyperopia, te hītori whānau rānei o te AMD, me tirotiro tonu ō kanohi kia rite ki ngā tohutohu a tō tākuta.
• Whakamahia te rongoā kua tohua e tō tākuta kia rite ki tāna i tohutohu ai, ā, kaua e whakamutua te maimoatanga i waenganui.
• Āta karohia te kai hikareti. He tino kino te kai hikareti ki te hauora o ngā kanohi, inā koa mō ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te AMD me te mate kanohi mate huka.
• Ehara i te mea he pai te kai hauora me te whakakori tinana auau mō ō kanohi anake, engari mō tō tinana katoa hoki. Whakaurua ngā huawhenua matomato, ngā hua rākau, me ngā ika he nui te omega-3 ki roto i tō kai.

Kia maumahara, he tino taonga ō kanohi. Koinei te rauemi tino nui hei tirotiro i te ao. Nō reira, ko tō kawenga te tiaki pai i a rātou. Ki te mōhio koe i mua, ā, ki te mahi i ngā mahi e tika ana, ka taea e koe te karo i ngā raruraru maha.

` Te Whakahoutanga o te Kanohi, Ngā Mate Kanohi, Te Tirohanga, Te Retina, Te Ophthalmology, Te Maimoatanga Kanohi