Kāore tō tamaiti i te pai te urupare ina kōrero koe ki a ia? Kei te whakaaro koe he uaua ki a ia te tukatuka, te wehewehe rānei i ngā kupu e kōrerohia ana e koe? I ētahi wā, ka pāngia ngā tamariki e ngā huringa ngawari o te tirohanga ki te oro. Ko tētahi āhuatanga hei whakamārama i tēnei ko te Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder, arā, ko te ANSD . Kaua e manukanuka; me wehewehea tēnei kia māmā noa iho, kia mārama ai koe.
He aha te Mate Pūnaha Neuropathy Whakarongo (ANSD)?
Ki te kī ngāwari, ka hopukina e ō tātou taringa ngā oro e karapoti nei i a tātou, ā, ka hurihia ēnei e tō tātou pūnaha whakarongo hei tohu ka tukuna ki te roro hei whakamārama. Heoi, i ētahi wā, ka whakararuraruhia ēnei tohu, ka kore rānei e tae mārama ki te roro. Ka kiia tēnei āhuatanga ko te Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder (ANSD) .
Ka pāngia pea ngā tamariki whai ANSD e ēnei e whai ake nei:
- He uaua ki te wehewehe i tētahi oro i tētahi atu, inā koa i roto i ngā taiao haruru.
- He uaua ki te mārama ki te kōrero.
- Tērā pea ka memeha haere ngā oro, ka memeha haere rānei.
- Tērā pea ka āhua rerekē te kaha ki te whakarongo i ia rā, i ia rā.
Heoi anō, he rongo pai tēnei. Mā ngā taputapu hauora tika, ngā maimoatanga motuhake, me ngā tikanga whakawhitiwhiti kōrero ā-kanohi, ka taea e ngā tamariki whai ANSD te whakawhanake angitu i ngā pūkenga reo me te kōrero pai ki ētahi atu.
He aha i puta ai te ANSD? He aha ngā take?
Ko te tino take o te ANSD he raruraru i te tukunga o ngā tohu oro i waenga i te cochlea (te wāhanga o roto o te taringa e tukatuka ana i te oro) me te roro, ko te nuinga o te wā ka puta mai i te kino, i te kore rānei e tika te mahi a te io whakarongo .
Ko ngā āhuatanga e whai ake nei ka piki ake te mōrearea o te tamaiti ki te whakawhanake i te ANSD:
- Whānautanga wawe .
- He hītori whānau mō te ANSD.
- Te mate kiriuhi nui o te pēpi i te wā e whānau hou ana.
- Te iti o te hāora (hypoxia) i mua atu, i muri rānei i te whānautanga.
- Te pānga ki ētahi rongoā (ngā rongoā ototoxic) ka kino pea te taringa o roto, te io whakarongo rānei.
- Ngā āhuatanga ira motuhake, ngā āhuatanga pūnaha io rānei, pērā i te mate Charcot-Marie-Tooth.
- Te whara nui o te upoko .
Me pēhea te tautuhi i te Mate Pūnaha Neuropathy Whakarongo (ANSD)? He aha ngā tohu?
Ka puta pea ēnei tohu i ngā tau katoa; heoi, ko te nuinga o ngā pēpi ka whānau mai me te ANSD. Ko te kaha o te ngaronga o te rongo ka rerekē mai i te ngawari ki te hohonu . He mea whakamīharo, ahakoa ka taea e tāu tamaiti te rongo i ngā oro noa, tera pea ka uaua ki a rātou te tukatuka me te mārama ki te kōrero.
Tērā pea ka puta ētahi pēpi whai ANSD i te whakamātautau rongo tuatahi mō ngā pēpi hou. I te nuinga o te wā, i a rātou e pakeke haere ana, ka tīmata pea koe ki te kite i ngā wero ki ō rātou rongo me te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero.
Kia mataara ki ēnei tohu nui i te tau tuatahi o tāu pēpi
Tirohia mēnā ka eke tāu pēpi ki ēnei taumata whakarongo paerewa. Ki te whakaaro koe kāore tāu tamaiti e tutuki ana i ēnei, he pai ake te kōrero i ō āwangawanga ki tāu tākuta tamariki.
- Pēpi hou : Ka ohorere rātou, ka whakaatu rānei i te tauhohenga tinana ki ngā haruru ohorere, nui?
- Tata ki te 3 marama : Ka mōhio rātou ki tō reo, ka tahuri ō rātou māhunga ki te tangi o tō reo?
- Tata ki te 6 marama : Ka tahuri ō rātou kanohi, ka anga atu rānei ki ngā oro hou? Kei te tīmata rātou ki te whai i ngā oro pēnei i te "oo" me te "ah"?
- Tata ki te 12 marama : Kei te tīmata rātou ki te kōrero pōhewa? Ka whakautu rātou ina karangatia ō rātou ingoa? Ka whai kupu rātou, ka tīmata rānei ki te kī i ngā kupu māmā pēnei i te "mama" me te "haere rā"?
Kia mataara ki ēnei tohu i a tāu tamaiti e tipu ake ana
I a tāu tamaiti e tipu haere ana, ka kitea pea ēnei tohu mēnā he uaua ki a ia te whakarongo:
- Kua roa te kōrero, kāore i te mārama, kua kore rānei e rangona .
- Te āhua nei kāore rātou e aro mai, e uaua ana rānei ki te whai i ngā tohutohu māmā .
- Kāore rātou e tauhohe ki ngā kōrero noa, e kore hoki e hoatu he whakautu kāore e pā ana ki tēnā .
- Ka ngawari te hinga i a rātou i roto i ngā taiao haruru .
- E hiahia tonu ana rātou kia whakanuia te reo o te pouaka whakaata .
- E whakaatu ana rātou i ngā tohu o te hauātanga ako .
Mena he iti noa iho ō āwangawanga mō te rongo o tāu tamaiti, me toro atu ki tō tākuta tonu. Ko te mahi matatau te huarahi pai rawa atu.
Me pēhea te tautuhi whaimana i te ANSD?
Me whai aromatawai motuhake te tohunga whakarongo kia tika ai te tautuhi i te ANSD. Ka whakamahia e rātou he whakamātautau haumanu motuhake hei aromatawai i te hauora o te whakarongo. Ko ngā whakamātautau matua mō te tautuhi i te ANSD ko:
He aha ēnei whakamātautau?
- Whakamātautau Tukunga Otoacoustic (OAE) : Mā tēnei ka tirohia te pai o te mahi a te koklea (taringa o roto). I te nuinga o te wā ka mahia i te wā e moe ana te pēpi, e noho puku ana rānei. Ka tukuna e te taringa iti ngā oro pāorooro ngawari, ā, ka inehia e ngā pūoko te urupare a te taringa.
- Whakamātautau Urupare Roro Whakarongo (ABR) : Ka aromatawaihia e tēnei te whai huatanga o te haere o te oro mai i te taringa, mā te io whakarongo, ki te roro. Mēnā ka motuhia te tuku oro, ka kitea e tēnei whakamātautau. He maha ngā wā ka whakaarohia he tātaritanga o te ANSD ina he noa ngā hua OAE, engari kāore he urupare ABR, he tino heke rānei.
- Whakamātautau Whakaoho Uaua Taringa Waenga (MEMR) : Ka ine tēnei i te tauhohenga o ngā uaua ririki o tō taringa ki ngā oro nui. Ka whakanohoia he taputapu iti ki roto i te taringa hei tuku oro, ā, ka tuhia te tauhohenga. Mō ngā tamariki whai ANSD, he maha ngā wā ka ngaro tēnei whakaoho, ka hiahiatia rānei he oro nui ake i te tikanga kia puta ai.
Ahakoa e whakamahia ana ngā putanga māmā o ngā whakamātautau OAE me ABR mō ngā tirotiro taringa o ngā pēpi hou, he mea nui te aromatawai tātaritanga katoa hei whakaū, hei whakakore rānei i te ANSD.
Me whai whakamātautau anō?
Kia kitea te ANSD, ka tūtohu pea tō tākuta i ētahi atu rangahau:
- Matawai MRI : Hei tiro i te taringa o roto, hei whakarite hoki kei reira ngā io whakarongo.
- Whakamātautau ira : Hei whakatau mēnā he hononga te ANSD ki tētahi āhuatanga ira kei raro.
- Whakamātautau io : Hei aromatawai i ngā āwangawanga io whānui.
- Te whakamātautau tirohanga : I te mea ka pā tahi ngā raruraru whakarongo me te tirohanga i ētahi wā, he mea nui kia tirotirohia e te tākuta kanohi te kanohi o te tamaiti whai ANSD .
He pehea te whakahaere a ANSD? - Nirogi Lanka
Ko te whakahaere i te ANSD he rōpū tohunga maha-mātauranga . Kei roto i tēnei ko te tohunga whakarongo, he tohunga ENT (Taringa, Ihu, me te Korokoro), he tohunga mate kōrero-reo, me ngā tohunga mātauranga, e mahi tahi ana ki te waihanga i tētahi mahere tiaki takitahi.
Ko te huarahi maimoatanga e whakawhirinaki ana ki te tau o tāu tamaiti, te āhua motuhake o te mahi a ōna io, me te kaha o tōna ngoikore o te whakarongo.
I ngā wā maha, ka tino whakapai ake ngā taputapu whakarongo āwhina i te kounga o te oranga. Haunga ēnei, he mea nui te whakamahi i te rongoā reo-kōrero auau hei whakatutuki i ngā putanga pai rawa atu mō te whanaketanga whakawhitiwhiti kōrero.
He aha ēnei taputapu āwhina?
- Ngā Pūnaha Whakarerekētanga Auau (FM)Mā te pūnaha FM ka āwhina i tāu tamaiti mā te whakaiti i te haruru papamuri, me te whakanui i te reo o te kaikōrero (pērā i te reo o te kaiako). He hopuoro iti me te tukuoro kei roto i te kaikōrero. Ka tukuna tika e tēnei tukuoro he tohu hiko ki te kaiwhiwhi e mau ana tāu tamaiti, e hono ana rānei ki tā rātou taputapu whakarongo. Nā te mea he kawe ēnei pūnaha, he tino pai mō ngā akomanga, mō ngā taiao haruru rānei.
- Ngā Āwhina Whakarongo : Ka whakanuia e ēnei taputapu te oro e tomo ana ki te taringa. Ahakoa he pai ngā āwhina whakarongo mō ētahi tamariki me te Mate Pūnaha Āhuatanga o te Neuropathy Whakarongo (ANSD)—ina koa ka whakamahia ngātahi me te pūnaha FM— he maha ngā wā kāore e ranea ngā āwhina whakarongo anake mō ngā tamariki me te ANSD , nā te mea ka whakanuia noa iho ngā oro whakapōturi, whakararuraru rānei.
- Ngā Whakatō Kōrero : Mō ētahi tamariki whai ANSD kāore e whiwhi ana i ngā painga nui mai i ngā taputapu whakarongo, he kōwhiringa whai hua te whakatō kōrero. He taputapu pokanga tēnei e karo ana i ngā wāhanga kore mahi o te taringa hei whakaoho tika i te io whakarongo. Mā te whakangungu tika me te rongoā tonu, ka taea e ngā tamariki whai whakatō kōrero te ako ki te whakarongo me te kōrero mārama.
He aha atu anō ngā mea me mōhio koe?
Haunga ngā taputapu whakarongo, ka taea hoki e ngā tamariki whai ANSD te whai hua mai i ngā pūkenga kōrero tirohanga , e whakawhirinaki ana ki te tirohanga hei whakawhitiwhiti kōrero.
He aha ngā tikanga whakawhitiwhiti kōrero ā-kanohi?
- Reo Ringa : He reo tino whanake tēnei, me tōna ake wetereo, papakupu, me te hanganga rerenga kōrero ahurei, e whakamahia ana hei huarahi kē atu i te reo kōrero.
- Kōrero Ā-Tohu : Ko te whakamahi i ngā āhua ringaringa huri noa i te waha i a koe e kōrero ana. Mā ēnei tohu ka taea e te kaimātakitaki te wehewehe i ngā oro e āhua ōrite ana i runga i ngā ngutu (pēnei i te 'b' me te 'p' me te 'm' me te 'b' rānei). Ka taea te whakamahi i te Kōrero Ā-Tohu me tetahi reo, ā, he tino āwhina mō ngā whānau reo rua.
- Te Waitohu Tika i te Reo Pākehā (SEE) : He pūnaha tēnei e whakamahia ai ngā tohu hei whakataurite i te reo Pākehā kōrerotia kupu-mō-kupu. Ahakoa e whakamahia ana ētahi wāhanga reo tohu, e whai ana i te hanganga rerenga kōrero me te wetereo o te reo Pākehā.
Kua hangaia te Cued Speech me te SEE hei tautoko i te reo kōrero, kia mārama ai te reo ina kore e ranea te pānui ngutu anake hei mārama i te karere.
Hei mātua, he mea nui tāu hei āwhina i tāu tamaiti me te ANSD ki te whakawhanake i ngā pūkenga kōrero. Ko te mahi tahi me tāu tīma hauora te huarahi pai rawa atu hei whakatutuki i ngā hua tino pai mō tāu tamaiti.
Ka kitea e koe ētahi atu kōrero me te tautoko mā roto i ngā rauemi e whai ake nei:
- CDC: Te Ngaronga o te Whakarongo me tāu Tamaiti
- Ringaringa me ngā Reo (He whatunga tautoko mō ngā mātua me ngā tohunga)
Ngā Karere Matua mō te Kāinga
Hei whakarāpopototanga, koinei ngā mea tino nui hei maumahara:
- Ka puta te Mate Pūnaha Neuropathy Whakarongo (ANSD) ina kore e tika te tuku i ngā tohu oro mai i te taringa ki te roro.
- He mea nui te tautuhi wawe i te mate. Ki te whakaaro koe kei te raru tō tamaiti ki te whakarongo, kei te tutuki rānei i ngā taumata whanaketanga, me toro atu tonu ki tētahi tohunga.
- Whakamātautau motuhake, pērā i te OAE me te ABR, e hiahiatia ana hei tautuhi tika i tēnei āhuatanga.
- Kaua e ngakaukore; mā ngā taputapu pēnei i ngā pūnaha FM, ngā taputapu whakarongo, ngā tāpiringa cochlear, te whakaora kōrero, me ngā tikanga whakawhitiwhiti kōrero ā-kanohi ka tino whakapai ake i te kaha o tāu tamaiti ki te kōrero.
- Ko tō whai wāhi mai, tō manawanui, me te mahi tahi tata me tō tīma hauora ngā taonga nui rawa atu a tāu tamaiti.
Kia maumahara, he rerekē ia tamaiti. Ko te mahi tahi me tō rōpū hauora ki te kimi i te huarahi tika mō tāu tamaiti te taahiraa nui ki mua i Nirogi Lanka.
Neuropati Whakarongo, ANSD, Ngaronga Whakarongo, Hauora Tamariki, Whakamātautau Whakarongo, Ngā Whakatō Kōrero, Whakaora Kōrero
