ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯀꯅꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯕꯨ ‘ꯁꯦꯂꯥꯏꯟ’ ꯄꯤꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯤꯔꯃꯒꯅꯤ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯕꯤꯔꯝꯂꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯦꯟꯌꯨꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥꯗꯥ ꯊꯥꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯕꯦꯒ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯝꯄ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯂꯥꯡꯇꯛꯅꯩ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯔꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯥꯏ.ꯚꯤ.ꯒꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ, ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯂꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ? ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯐꯤꯚꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯒꯦ? ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯁꯤ꯫
ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯥꯏ.ꯚꯤ.
ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, IV (ꯏꯟꯠꯔꯥꯚꯦꯅꯁ) ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯗꯤꯍꯥꯌꯗ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯊꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯕꯅꯤ , ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯉꯥꯏꯐꯗꯕꯥ ꯁꯣꯜꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯅꯤꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫
ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯶꯰% ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯒꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯈꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯟ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯀꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯉꯥꯏꯐꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯅꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯅꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯀꯄꯅꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯦꯚꯦꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ, IV ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯉꯥꯏꯐꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯏ꯫
| IV ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯐꯤꯚꯃꯁꯤꯡ꯫ | |
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| ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫ | ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯥꯏꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ , ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯡꯈꯤ꯫ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯅꯥ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯟꯗꯦ꯫ |
| ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯔꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯠ꯫ | ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯔꯥꯡ ꯀꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ, ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯔꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯗꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯉꯥꯂꯅꯥ ꯊꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯨꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯥꯡꯈꯤ꯫ |
| ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯩꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯀꯄꯥ꯫ | ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡꯗꯗꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗꯀꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯡꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ |
| ꯂꯦꯟꯕ | ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ (ꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ) ꯑꯥꯏ.ꯚꯤ. |
ꯗꯤꯍꯥꯌꯗ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ꯫
ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯨꯃꯖꯤꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯀꯌꯥꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
- ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯣꯂꯥꯏꯠ ꯕꯦꯂꯦꯟꯁ ꯃꯥꯡꯈꯤꯕꯥ꯫
- ꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯜ ꯄꯔꯐꯣꯃꯦꯟꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯦꯃꯣꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ꯫
- ꯑꯦꯅꯔꯖꯤ ꯃꯥꯡꯈꯤꯕꯥ, ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯇꯥꯗꯕꯥ꯫
- ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯖꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕꯣꯋꯦꯜ ꯃꯨꯚꯃꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ꯫
- ꯍꯦꯗ-ꯑꯦꯀꯀꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯤꯛꯕꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ꯫
- ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯤ, ꯍꯥꯔꯠ , ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫
- ꯐꯤꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯛꯇꯤꯚꯤꯇꯤꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯇꯥꯗꯕꯥ꯫
- ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ꯫
ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛꯇꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯗꯤꯍꯥꯌꯗ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫
| ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ꯫ | ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯔꯤꯕꯒꯦ/ꯇꯝꯕꯤꯔꯤꯕꯒꯦ꯫ |
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| ꯃꯃꯤꯠ ꯇꯥꯡꯕꯥ꯫ | ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯗꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯃꯤꯠ ꯇꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ꯫ |
| ꯃꯤꯠ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫ | ꯀꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯁꯨ ꯃꯤꯠ ꯎꯗꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯇꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ꯫ |
| ꯂꯤꯞ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯖꯤꯕ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫ | ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯠꯄꯥ, ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡ-ꯈꯨꯠ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫ |
| ꯁꯨꯡꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ꯫ | ꯈꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯔꯨ-ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ, ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫ |
| ꯋꯥꯕ | ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯇꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ꯫ |
| ꯌꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ꯫ | ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯂꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯏ꯫ |
| ꯀꯣꯜꯗ ꯈꯨꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡ꯫ | ꯈꯨꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯩ ꯀꯥꯞꯄꯥ꯫ |
| ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ꯫ | ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ-ꯃꯇꯥꯗꯒꯤ ꯇꯥꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯌꯦꯔꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ |
IV ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗꯀꯤ ꯃꯈꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?
ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯃꯈꯂꯒꯤ IV ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯄꯀꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯂꯩ꯫
ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯂꯣꯏꯗ ꯁꯣꯂꯨꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ꯫
ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫ ꯂꯤꯛꯌꯨꯏꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯄꯥꯔꯇꯤꯀꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯏꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯖꯦꯂꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯆꯪꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫
- ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯁꯦꯂꯟ : ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯅꯥ ‘ꯁꯦꯂꯥꯏꯟ’ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯅꯩ꯫ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯣꯟ ( ꯁꯣꯗꯤꯌꯝ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯣꯔꯥꯏꯗ ) ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫
- ꯗꯤ.꯵ꯗꯕ꯭ꯜꯌꯨ.: ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯆꯤꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯗꯦꯛꯁꯠꯔꯣꯖ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯏ꯫
- ꯂꯦꯛꯇꯦꯇꯦꯗ ꯔꯤꯡꯖꯔꯁ: ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯗꯤꯌꯝ, ꯀ꯭ꯂꯣꯔꯥꯏꯗ, ꯄꯣꯇꯥꯁꯤꯌꯝ, ꯀꯦꯂꯁꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯦꯛꯇꯦꯠ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫
ꯀꯣꯂꯣꯏꯗ ꯁꯣꯂꯨꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ꯫
ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯔꯇꯤꯀꯂꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯆꯪꯁꯤꯅꯗꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯗꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯑꯦꯂꯕꯨꯃꯤꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯦꯇꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯔꯆ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯃꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫
IV ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯝꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯒꯅꯤ?
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯅꯔꯁ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
1. ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ, ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ, ꯆꯍꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯚꯃꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ IV ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗꯀꯤ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫
2. ꯃꯊꯪꯗꯥ, ꯀꯦꯟꯌꯨꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯛꯀꯗꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ (ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯀꯣꯛ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯊꯛ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯥ) ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯤꯁꯦꯞꯇꯤꯛ ꯁꯣꯜꯌꯨꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯀꯏ꯫
3. ꯃꯊꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯈꯨꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯏꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯛ ꯕꯦꯟꯗ (tourniquet) ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯤ꯫
4. ꯆꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯈꯅꯒꯠꯂꯒꯥ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯔꯤꯂꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯌꯨꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ (ꯅꯤꯗꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯛ ꯇꯤꯎꯕ ꯑꯃꯥ) ꯊꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ , ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯒꯅꯤ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯒꯅꯤ꯫
5. ꯀꯦꯟꯌꯨꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯛ ꯕꯦꯟꯗ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫
6. ꯀꯦꯟꯌꯨꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯠꯊꯣꯛ-ꯆꯠꯁꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯗꯅꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯠꯁꯤꯂꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
7. ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, IV ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯕꯦꯒ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯝꯕꯤꯒꯤ ꯇꯤꯎꯕ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯦꯟꯌꯨꯂꯗꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
8. IV ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯕꯦꯒ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗ (IV ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗ) ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯄꯝꯄ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯁꯤꯟ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯚꯤꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯦꯞꯄꯥ ꯔꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯐꯣꯔꯁ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫
꯹.ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯐꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯦꯞꯇꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫
ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ IV ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯣ ꯔꯦꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯅꯥ/ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯦꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯌꯨꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯌꯨꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯀꯣꯛ ꯊꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯔꯁꯇꯥ ꯈꯪꯍꯜꯂꯨ꯫
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?
IV ꯔꯤꯍꯥꯌꯗ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯟ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ, ꯏꯆꯝ ꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯥꯐꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯂꯤꯐꯁꯨ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯀꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯕꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
| ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫ | ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯊ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ? |
|---|---|
| ꯑꯦꯌꯔ ꯑꯦꯝꯕꯣꯂꯤꯖꯝ꯫ | IV ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯆꯪꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ |
| ꯀꯣꯂꯥꯞꯁ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯚꯦꯟ꯫ | ꯀꯦꯟꯌꯨꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯁꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯂꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯊꯃꯖꯤꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯐꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯚꯦꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫ |
| ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯑꯣꯚꯔꯂꯣꯗ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫ | ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯊꯀꯄꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯗ-ꯑꯦꯛ, ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯋꯥꯡꯈꯠꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗꯀꯤ ꯂꯦꯚꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯃꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯦꯃꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ |
| ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ (Hematoma) . | ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯏ ꯂꯤꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯈꯔꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯏ꯫ |
| ꯃꯍꯤꯛ ꯄꯛꯄ | ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯟꯌꯨꯜ ꯏꯅꯁꯥꯔꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯛꯠꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯤꯕꯥꯏꯑꯣꯇꯤꯀꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫ |
| ꯂꯤꯛꯌꯨꯏꯗ ꯂꯤꯛ (ꯏꯅꯐꯤꯂꯠꯔꯦꯁꯟ) . | ꯀꯦꯟꯌꯨꯜ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯊꯣꯛ-ꯆꯠꯁꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯤꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯣꯛ-ꯄꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ |
| ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯕꯤꯇꯤꯁ (ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ) . | IV ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯦꯟꯌꯨꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯇꯨꯅꯥ, ꯍꯤꯠ ꯊꯥꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯋꯥꯡꯈꯠꯍꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ |
ꯇꯦꯛ-ꯍꯣꯝ ꯃꯦꯁꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫
- IV ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ‘ꯁꯦꯂꯥꯏꯟ’ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯣꯜꯇ ꯋꯥꯠꯄꯥ (ꯗꯤꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯟ)ꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
- ꯗꯤꯍꯥꯌꯗ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯗꯤꯍꯥꯌꯗ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯂꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
- IV ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯐꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯡꯇꯛꯅꯒꯅꯨ꯫
- ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯔꯤꯕꯥ IV ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗꯀꯤ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯄꯀꯅꯤ꯫
- ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ IV ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯠꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯔꯁ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯈꯪꯍꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫
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