ꯂꯤꯗ ꯄꯣꯏꯖꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ | ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯛꯀꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯌꯨꯃꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯦꯟꯇꯤꯡ ꯂꯦꯌꯥꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ, ꯑꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯏꯞ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯦꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯨꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯅꯥ ꯉꯥꯡꯅꯗꯕꯥ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯅꯍꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯅꯤꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯕꯨ ꯂꯤꯗ ꯄꯣꯏꯖꯟ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯨꯃꯊꯣꯛꯇꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯗꯤꯚꯦꯂꯄꯃꯦꯟꯇ, ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯃꯆꯠ-ꯁꯥꯖꯠꯇꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯉꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯏꯆꯝ ꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯂꯤꯗ ꯄꯣꯏꯖꯟ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯂꯤꯗ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯔꯣꯅꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯙꯥꯇꯨ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯛꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ꯫ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯂꯤꯗ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯨ ``ꯂꯤꯗ ꯇꯣꯛꯁꯤꯁꯤꯇꯤ'' ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫

ꯈꯟꯊꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯔꯨ ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯁꯤꯟ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯦꯁꯤꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯗꯥ ꯀꯦꯂꯁꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯅꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯠꯔꯤꯑꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯂꯤꯗ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯪꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯠꯔꯤꯑꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯏ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯇꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯊꯧꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯄꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯔꯚꯁ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯄꯥꯎꯖꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯊꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯊꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯖꯦꯜ ꯌꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯈꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯤꯗ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯪꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤꯕꯅꯣ?

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯖꯤꯅꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝꯅꯤ꯫ ꯂꯤꯗ ꯐꯪꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯤꯕꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯅꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫

ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ? ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯕꯤꯔꯤꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯉꯀꯄꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯗꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯤꯗ ꯄꯣꯏꯖꯟ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯄꯥꯅꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯎꯠꯂꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯤꯗ ꯂꯦꯚꯦꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯅꯤꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯂꯕꯁꯨ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯂꯩꯇꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯍꯜ ꯈꯔꯗꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ:

ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ꯫

• ꯂꯔꯅꯤꯡ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯦꯕꯤꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯂꯤꯖꯦꯟꯁ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ꯫
• ꯑꯦꯇꯦꯟꯁꯟ ꯗꯦꯐꯤꯁꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯔꯑꯦꯛꯇꯤꯚꯤꯇꯤ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯂꯃꯆꯠ-ꯁꯥꯖꯠ ꯍꯣꯡꯂꯀꯄꯥ - ꯏꯔꯤꯇꯦꯕꯤꯂꯤꯇꯤ, ꯑꯦꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯚ꯫
• ꯍꯤꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ (stunting, weight loss) .
• ꯈꯣꯡ ꯍꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯍꯥꯝꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯀꯣꯛ ꯆꯤꯛꯄ
• ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯑꯦꯅꯤꯃꯤꯌꯥ - ꯏ ꯋꯥꯠꯄꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ (paleness)꯫
• ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯂꯤꯗꯀꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖ꯭ꯌꯨꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯣꯃꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯑꯍꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ꯫

• ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫
• ꯀꯣꯛ ꯆꯤꯛꯄ
• ꯃꯁꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯇꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯂꯤꯝꯐꯇꯥ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯃꯦꯃꯣꯔꯤ ꯂꯣꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯄꯔꯁꯣꯅꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯍꯣꯡꯂꯀꯄꯥ꯫
• ꯔꯤꯞꯔꯗꯛꯇꯤꯚ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ (ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯄꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ)

ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ?

ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯤꯗ ꯄꯣꯏꯖꯟ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯉꯥꯏꯔꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩꯗꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯅꯤ . ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯏꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯤꯗꯀꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯂꯩ:

1. ꯀꯦꯄꯤꯂꯦꯔꯤ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ (capillary test): ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯨꯠ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯏꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯊꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯅꯤ꯫ ꯔꯤꯖꯜꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯂꯕꯁꯨ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯂꯤꯗꯀꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯋꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯎꯠꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯅꯐꯔꯝ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯤꯁꯨꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫

2. ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯣ: ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯨꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯚꯦꯅꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯏꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫ ꯔꯤꯖꯜꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯜꯂꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯆꯪꯂꯕꯁꯨ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯅꯐꯔꯃꯦꯇꯦꯔꯤ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯅꯤ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ, ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯤꯃꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯅꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯗ ꯀꯥꯎꯟꯇ (CBC) ꯑꯃꯁꯨ ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ, ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯄꯦꯟꯇ ꯆꯤꯄꯁꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯀꯈꯤꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯑꯦꯕꯗꯣꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯛꯁ-ꯔꯦ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?

ꯍꯣꯌ, ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯅꯥ꯫ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯊꯥꯡꯗꯤ ꯂꯤꯗ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯄꯣꯖꯔꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯌꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯄꯦꯟꯇ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯥꯐꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯄꯦꯌꯥꯔ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯣꯀꯦꯜ ꯄꯕ꯭ꯂꯤꯛ ꯍꯦꯂꯊ ꯏꯟꯁꯄꯦꯛꯇꯔ (PHI)ꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ, ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ:

• ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯠꯔꯤꯁꯟ: ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯗꯥꯏꯇꯇꯥ ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯟ, ꯀꯦꯂꯁꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯚꯤꯇꯥꯃꯤꯟ ꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯠꯔꯤꯑꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯂꯤꯗ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯤꯗ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫
• ꯆꯦꯂꯦꯟꯖ ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯏꯗꯥ ꯂꯤꯗꯔꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯈꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯄꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯂꯤꯗ ꯄꯥꯔꯇꯤꯀꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯅꯗꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯍꯣꯜ-ꯕꯣꯋꯦꯜ ꯏꯔꯤꯒꯦꯁꯟ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁ-ꯔꯦ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯄꯦꯟꯇ ꯆꯤꯄꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯀꯅꯐꯥꯔꯝ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯦꯊꯗ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯂꯤꯗ ꯄꯥꯔꯇꯤꯀꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯁ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫

ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ?

ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯅꯤ꯫ ꯏꯆꯝ ꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯇꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫

• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯌꯨꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯥ ꯌꯨꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯋꯥꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯄꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯩꯗꯧꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯃꯁꯥꯃꯛꯅꯥ ꯄꯦꯟꯇꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯒꯅꯨ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯅꯥ ꯂꯤꯗꯀꯤ ꯃꯩꯁꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠꯇꯥ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯐꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯂꯧ꯫
• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯌꯨꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯨ: ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯣꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯔꯨ-ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯐꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯜꯂꯨ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯄꯆꯤꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯤꯗ ꯗꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯀꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯈꯨꯠ ꯍꯥꯃꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ: ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯨꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯥꯄꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯀꯎ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯗꯥ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯥꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯄꯣꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯨ-ꯈꯨꯠꯂꯥꯏꯁꯤꯡꯁꯨ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯀꯎ꯫
• ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯌꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯏꯄꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯆꯤꯡꯅꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯌꯨꯛꯇꯥ ꯇꯦꯞ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯣꯟꯊꯣꯀꯎ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯆꯥꯛ ꯊꯣꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯅꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯨ꯫ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯏꯪꯕꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯧ . ꯂꯤꯗ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯁꯥꯕꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯟꯁꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫
• ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯠ: ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯟ (ꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯅꯥꯆ, ꯃꯅꯥ-ꯃꯁꯤꯡ, ꯂꯦꯟꯇꯤꯜ), ꯀꯦꯂꯁꯤꯌꯝ (ꯁꯉ꯭ꯒꯣꯝ, ꯌꯣꯒꯔ, ꯆꯦꯡ), ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯚꯤꯇꯥꯃꯤꯟ C (ꯑꯣꯔꯦꯟꯖ, ꯇꯦꯟꯖꯦꯔꯤꯟ, ꯒꯨꯋꯥꯍꯥꯇꯤ) ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯃꯆꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯂꯤꯗ ꯍꯟꯊꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯏ꯫
• ꯌꯨꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ ꯄꯨꯔꯛꯂꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ: ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯦꯟꯗꯂꯋꯨꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯃꯥꯌꯗꯒꯤ ꯌꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯤꯗ ꯆꯪꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯒꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯊꯕꯛ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯤꯗꯔꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯕꯦꯠꯇꯔꯤ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯤ, ꯄꯦꯟꯇ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯣꯇꯣ ꯔꯤꯄꯦꯌꯥꯔ ꯁꯣꯞ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛꯇꯒꯤ ꯌꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯀꯎ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯕꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯂꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯀꯎ꯫ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯆꯩꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯛꯂꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫