ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯅꯈꯠꯂꯛꯂꯤꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? (Ruptured Eardrum/Perforated Tympanic Membrane) ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯁꯤ!

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ, ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ, ꯈꯪꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯐꯤꯚꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯈꯤꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯊꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯣꯟꯖꯦꯜ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯥꯕꯔꯥ? ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯗꯝ (eardrum) ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯔꯣꯂꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯔꯄꯆꯔ (ruptured eardrum) ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯀꯥꯡꯕꯨ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯀꯥꯡꯕꯨ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯇꯣꯈꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯦꯝꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯨꯃꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯄꯒꯨꯝꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤꯕ ꯑꯣꯏ . ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯗꯜ ꯏꯌꯥꯔ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ , ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯗꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯄꯔꯐꯣꯔꯦꯇꯦꯗ ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯄꯔꯐꯣꯔꯦꯇꯦꯗ ꯇꯤꯃꯄꯦꯅꯤꯛ ꯃꯦꯝꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯣꯛ-ꯄꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ . ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯈꯔꯗꯗꯤ ꯕꯦꯂꯦꯟꯁꯀꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡꯁꯨ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯀꯥꯡꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯥ ꯃꯊꯟꯇꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯛꯀꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯀꯦꯁ ꯈꯔꯗꯗꯤ, ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯗꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯔꯤꯄꯦꯌꯥꯔ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯥꯡꯈꯜ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩꯅꯤ꯫

ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯤꯌꯥꯔꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯒꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯈꯣꯟꯖꯦꯂꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯗꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯋꯥꯏꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯨꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯥꯕꯒꯨꯝꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯚꯥꯏꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯣꯗꯤꯇꯣꯔꯤ ꯅꯔꯚꯇꯥ ꯁꯤꯒꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯥꯏ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯒꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯗꯥ ꯊꯥꯏ꯫ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯒꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯁꯥꯎꯟꯗ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯞꯔꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛꯇꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯤꯌꯥꯔꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯔꯠ ꯁꯔꯛꯌꯨꯏꯠ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯦ꯫ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯟꯖꯦꯜ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯃꯤꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ, ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯀꯥꯡꯕꯨ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ, ꯕꯦꯛꯇꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯄꯥꯟ ꯂꯩꯕꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯄꯀꯤ ꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯥꯌ-ꯑꯇꯣꯌꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤꯁꯨ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ (eardrum) ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ (otitis media) ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯕꯦꯛꯇꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯆꯪꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯄꯣꯏꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯑꯀꯥꯌ-ꯑꯇꯣꯌꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯀꯥꯡꯈꯂꯗꯥ ꯆꯪꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯀꯣꯂꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯇꯣꯃꯥ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯂꯪꯁ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯂꯪꯁꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯤꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯗꯜ ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ-ꯃꯇꯧꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯂꯪꯁꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯗꯜ ꯏꯌꯥꯔ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯀꯁꯨ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ (ruptured eardrum) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤꯅꯤ?

ꯀꯦꯁ ꯈꯔꯗꯗꯤ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯃꯗꯥ ꯍꯨꯔꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯃꯁꯥ ꯃꯊꯟꯇꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯛꯠꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ . ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ (ruptured eardrum) ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:

• ꯂꯣꯡ -ꯇꯔꯝ ꯍꯤꯌꯥꯔꯤꯡ ꯂꯣꯁ .
• ꯂꯦꯞꯇꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ `(ꯚꯔꯇꯤꯒꯣ .
• ꯃꯇꯝ ꯁꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ .
• ꯀꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯂꯦꯞꯇꯅꯥ ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ ꯄꯔꯐꯣꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫

ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯗꯝ (ardrum) ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯣꯏꯗꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯏ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯄꯣꯃꯈꯠꯄꯥ (pus) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ (ruptured eardrum)ꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ:

• ꯈꯪꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯟꯖꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯈꯣꯟꯖꯦꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯦꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯣꯛ ꯇꯧꯔꯀꯄꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯈꯪꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ, ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ .
• ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯁ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯏꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯨꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ꯫
• ꯇꯤꯅꯤꯇꯁ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯔꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯍꯨꯏꯁꯂꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯟꯖꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯗꯤ, ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯀꯏ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯀꯥꯡꯈꯜ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯗꯜ ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯗꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯅꯥ꯫

ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯒꯅꯤ?

ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯀꯥꯡꯈꯜ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ (ruptured eardrum) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯥꯡꯈꯂꯗꯥ ꯈꯪꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯏ . ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯥꯡꯈꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯀꯥꯡꯕꯨ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯨꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯞ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯄꯦꯟꯁꯤꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯀꯥꯡꯈꯂꯗꯒꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯤꯕꯅꯣ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯗꯜ ꯏꯌꯥꯔ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯃꯒꯤ ꯍꯨꯔꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯤꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯏꯗ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯀꯥꯡꯈꯜ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯤꯗꯜ ꯏꯌꯥꯔ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯤ . ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ, ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯀꯌꯥꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:

• ꯃꯄꯥꯟ ꯂꯩꯕꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ: ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯨꯇꯥꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ, ꯊꯣꯡꯅꯥꯎ ꯍꯥꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯊꯥꯖꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯄꯦꯟꯁꯤꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯟꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ: ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯀꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯁꯨ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯨꯃꯍꯠꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯀꯥꯡꯕꯨ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯀꯥꯡꯕꯨ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯈꯤꯕꯅꯤ꯫

• ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯎꯃꯥ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯅꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯨꯠꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯛꯂꯕꯗꯤ (ꯈꯨꯠꯂꯥꯏ ꯄꯥꯌꯕꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ), ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯀꯣꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯥꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯑꯦꯌꯔ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯍꯣꯡꯂꯀꯄꯥ (Barotrauma): ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯏꯎꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯆꯤꯌꯥꯟ ꯇꯤꯎꯕ꯫ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯏꯎꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯆꯤꯌꯥꯟ ꯇꯤꯎꯕ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯣꯛ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯤꯗꯜ ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠ ꯁꯤꯠꯄꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯌꯔ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔꯗꯥ ꯈꯪꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ (ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯑꯦꯌꯔꯞꯂꯦꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯈꯠꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯈꯠꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ) ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯏ꯫
• ꯈꯪꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯄꯣꯠ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯛ ꯄꯨꯁꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯟꯖꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯒꯨꯟꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯈꯣꯟꯖꯦꯜ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯗꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯁꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯐꯥꯌꯔꯛꯔꯦꯀꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯥꯛꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ ?

ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯇꯣꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯞ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯨꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯉꯥꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯅꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯨꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯎꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯑꯣꯗꯤꯑꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯣꯛ-ꯄꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯃꯒꯤ ꯆꯠꯊꯣꯛ-ꯆꯠꯁꯤꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯌꯥꯔꯤꯡ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡꯁꯨ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:

• ꯑꯣꯗꯤꯑꯣꯃꯦꯠꯔꯤ/ꯑꯣꯗꯤꯑꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ: ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯤꯌꯥꯔꯤꯡ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯟꯖꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯕꯒꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯑꯣꯗꯤꯑꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯐꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯎꯠꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯇꯤꯃꯄꯦꯅꯣꯃꯦꯠꯔꯤ: ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯣꯕꯤꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯌꯥꯝ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯚꯥꯏꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨꯅꯤ꯫

ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯀꯥꯡꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯥ ꯃꯊꯟꯇꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯛꯀꯗ꯭ꯔꯥ? ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯔꯥ?

ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯗꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯥ ꯃꯊꯟꯇꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯛꯀꯅꯤ . ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯟꯅꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯀꯥꯡ, ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯣꯛ (ENT) ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯄꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ:

• ꯃꯥꯏꯔꯤꯉ꯭ꯒꯣꯞꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤ: ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯤꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯑꯣꯔ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏ.ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯇꯤ.ꯒꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯍꯨꯔꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯛ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯄꯦꯄꯔ ꯄꯦꯆ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯇꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯗꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯛꯀꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯨꯔꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯊꯣꯡꯅꯥꯎ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯍꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫
• ꯇꯤꯃꯄꯦꯅꯣꯞꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯈꯣꯡ, ꯀꯥꯔꯇꯤꯂꯦꯖ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯃꯆꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯗꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯍꯨꯔꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯧ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯗꯝ (ardrum) ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯒꯅꯤ?

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯀꯅꯤ , ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯥꯡꯈꯜ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯖꯦꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ:

• ꯃꯤꯗꯜ ꯏꯌꯥꯔ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯈꯠꯀꯗꯕꯅꯤ: ꯃꯤꯗꯜ ꯏꯌꯥꯔ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯂꯥꯏꯍꯧ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯈꯔꯅꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯧ꯫
• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ: ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯨꯃꯍꯠꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯒꯅꯨ꯫ ꯁꯨꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯗꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯨꯠꯇꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯡꯂꯕꯥ ꯐꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯐꯤ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯀꯣꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯧ꯫
• ꯑꯦꯌꯔꯞꯂꯦꯅꯒꯤ ꯀꯥꯡꯕꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯌꯨ:ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ `(ꯕꯥꯔꯣꯠꯔꯣꯃꯥ) ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫` ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯀꯣꯛ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯕꯦꯂꯨꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯨꯝ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯟ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯦꯟꯗ ꯇꯧꯔꯀꯄꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯈꯪꯍꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ, ꯆꯦꯡ-ꯍꯋꯥꯏ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯦꯌꯔ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯞꯂꯒꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯟꯖꯦꯂꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯀꯎ: ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯟꯖꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ, ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯒꯨꯟꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕꯣꯝꯕꯨꯂꯥ ꯐꯨꯃꯖꯤꯅꯕꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯟꯖꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯞꯂꯒ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯀꯥꯡꯕꯨ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯧ꯫

ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯆꯪꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯌꯦꯔꯨꯝ ꯀꯣꯀꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯊꯥ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯆꯪꯂꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯀꯁꯨ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯟ, ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯕꯥ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯧ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯛꯠꯔꯤꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯒꯅꯤ?

ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯊꯣꯡꯅꯥꯎ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯀꯄꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:

• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯔꯨ-ꯇꯅꯥꯟꯅꯥ ꯊꯃꯒꯅꯨ: ꯇꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯨꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯎꯗꯕꯥ ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯞꯂꯒꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯄꯦꯠꯔꯣꯂꯤꯌꯝ ꯖꯦꯂꯤꯗꯥ ꯇꯔꯨ-ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯣꯇꯟ ꯕꯣꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯧ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯔꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯇꯨꯝꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯆꯥꯅꯕꯤꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯔꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯨ꯫ ꯇꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯆꯪꯂꯀꯄꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯛꯂꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ: ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯛꯂꯕꯁꯨ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯥꯡꯈꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯊꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
• ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯐꯨꯃꯖꯤꯅꯒꯅꯨ: ꯌꯥꯔꯤꯕꯃꯈꯩ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯛꯠꯔꯤꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯐꯨꯃꯖꯤꯅꯒꯅꯨ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯂꯥꯔꯖꯤ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯪꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯈꯪꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯈꯔꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯛꯠꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯧ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯏꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯔꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯀꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯪꯁꯤꯜꯂꯛꯇꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯈꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯏꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯔꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯀꯗꯕꯅꯤ .

ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯋꯥꯍꯪ ꯍꯪꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯍꯪꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯍꯪ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ:

• ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯗꯝ (ardrum) ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯂꯩꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?
• ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯒꯦ?
• ꯃꯁꯤ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯛꯠꯔꯤꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯑꯩꯒꯤ ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯗꯝ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯒꯦ?
• ꯀꯔꯤ ꯀꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯟꯅꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯗꯥ, ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ (ꯇꯦꯛ-ꯍꯣꯝ ꯃꯦꯁꯦꯖ)

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ . ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕꯦꯂꯦꯟꯁꯇꯥ ꯑꯀꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯁꯨ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ, ꯑꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯀꯥꯡꯕꯨ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯕꯦꯛꯇꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥꯗꯒꯤ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯥꯡꯕꯨ ꯏꯅꯐꯦꯛꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯀꯥꯡꯈꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯥ ꯃꯊꯟꯇꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯕꯁꯨ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯆꯪꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯌꯥꯔꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯛꯠꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯍꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯃꯒꯅꯨ꯫