Kodi inunso mukuchita opaleshoni posachedwa? Ndiye tiyeni tiphunzire bwino za ASA Classification iyi!

Kodi madokotala adakuuzapo kuti uchite opaleshoni yaikulu kapena yaying'ono, kapena opaleshoni? Zikatero, iwe Musanakupatseni mankhwala oletsa ululu , kapena mankhwala omwe amathetsa ululu wanu panthawi ya opaleshoni, dokotala wanu adzayesa thanzi lanu pang'ono. Ndicho chimene timachitcha kuti ASA classification . Mukamva izi, mungamve mantha pang'ono, monga, "O, mundipatse mayeso?" Koma kwenikweni ndi chinthu chomwe chimathandiza dokotala wanu kukuthandizani m'njira yabwino komanso yotetezeka. Ndiye, tiyeni tikambirane zambiri za izi, sichoncho?

Kodi gulu la ASA ndi chiyani? N’chifukwa chiyani lili lofunika?

Mwachidule, ASA Physical Status Classification System ndi njira yowunikira thanzi lanu lonse musanachite opaleshoni yomwe imafuna mankhwala oletsa ululu. Inapangidwa ndi American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) . Tangoganizirani ngati katswiri aliyense woletsa ululu akanagwiritsa ntchito njira zomwezo poyesa odwala, kodi aliyense sakanalandira chidziwitso chofanana? Ndicho chimodzi mwa zolinga za dongosololi.

Pali zifukwa zingapo zazikulu zogwiritsira ntchito gululi:

• Musanachite opaleshoni yanu Sungani zolemba za thanzi lanu : Izi zikuthandizani kudziwa bwino momwe thanzi lanu lilili musanachite opaleshoni.
• Njira yodziwika bwino yomwe dokotala aliyense wogonetsa odwala angagwiritse ntchito: Kaya muli kuti padziko lapansi, mukalankhula ndi akatswiri ogonetsa odwala za thanzi la wodwala, onse amatha kumvetsa bwino nkhaniyi powauza nambala iyi ya ASA.
• Zimathandiza kuwunika zoopsa za opaleshoni: Izi zokha sizingakuuzeni zoopsa zake. Komabe, zikaphatikizidwa ndi zinthu zina monga zaka zanu, mtundu wa opaleshoni yomwe ikuchitidwa, kukula kwake, komanso nthawi yomwe idzatenga, zimathandiza kuneneratu zovuta zomwe zingachitike chifukwa cha opaleshoni.

Chofunika kukumbukira: Kugawidwa kwa ASA kumeneku sikutanthauza zotsatira za opaleshoni yanu. Ngakhale kungakuthandizeni kuwunika zoopsa za opaleshoni, Gulu la azachipatala limapanga zisankho pambuyo poganizira zinthu zina zambiri. Choncho musachite mantha ndi nambalayi.

Kodi ASA uyu ndi ndani?

ASA imayimira American Society of Anesthesiologists.Chidule cha mawuwa chimatanthauza "American Society of Anesthetists." Dongosolo logawa magululi linayambitsidwa koyamba mu 1941, pomwe bungweli linkadziwika kale kuti American Society of Anesthetists. Lakhala likugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi madokotala padziko lonse lapansi kuyambira nthawi imeneyo.

Kodi ASA iyi imagawidwa bwanji m'magulu? Kodi milingo yake ndi yotani?

Mu gulu la ASA ili, pali magawo asanu ndi limodzi (mpaka VI) kuyambira manambala achiroma I (chimodzi) mpaka V (zisanu). ASA I ndiye munthu wathanzi kwambiri. ASA V ndi munthu amene ali ndi matenda oopsa omwe angawononge moyo wake. Gawo VI ndi la odwala omwe afa ubongo omwe akuchotsedwa kuti apereke ziwalo zawo (opereka ziwalo).

Tiyeni tiwone tanthauzo la giredi iliyonse mwa izi. Kutengera ndi chipatala chomwe chithandizocho chimaperekedwa, zitsanzo izi zimatha kusiyana pang'ono kutengera luso lawo.

• ASA I: Munthu wathanzi kwathunthu . Izi zikutanthauza kuti munthu ali ndi thanzi labwino, alibe matenda aakulu kapena matenda osatha. Mwachitsanzo, munthu amene alibe matenda ndipo akuchitidwa opaleshoni chifukwa cha kudula pang'ono pa mkono wake kapena vuto ladzidzidzi monga appendicitis.

• ASA II: Munthu amene ali ndi matenda ofooka a m'thupi . Ndiko kuti, munthu amene ali ndi vuto laling'ono la thanzi lomwe silisokoneza zochita za tsiku ndi tsiku ndipo lingathe kulamuliridwa. Zitsanzo: Matenda a shuga olamulidwa bwino, kuthamanga kwa magazi kolamulidwa bwino, kunenepa kwambiri (BMI pakati pa 30-40), wosuta fodya (wopanda mavuto akuluakulu), mayi woyembekezera (wopanda mavuto).

• ASA III: Munthu amene ali ndi matenda aakulu a m'thupi . Matendawa akhoza kukhala ndi zolepheretsa zina pa zochita za tsiku ndi tsiku. Koma sali pachiwopsezo nthawi yomweyo. Zitsanzo: matenda a shuga osalamulirika, kuthamanga kwa magazi kosalamulirika, matenda a mtima m'miyezi itatu yapitayi, matenda osatha oletsa kupuma m'mapapo (COPD), matenda osatha a impso , ndi dialysis.

• ASA IV: Munthu amene ali ndi matenda oopsa a m'thupi omwe nthawi zonse amakhala pachiwopsezo cha moyo . Anthuwa nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi vuto lalikulu. Zitsanzo: Munthu amene wadwala matenda a mtima kapena sitiroko posachedwapa (osakwana miyezi itatu), munthu amene ali ndi vuto lalikulu la valvular, kuchepa kwa ejection fraction, sepsis yayikulu, kapena munthu amene impso zake sizikugwira ntchito bwino (osati pa dialysis).

• ASA V:Wodwala amene akudwala ndi munthu amene angamwalire mkati mwa maola 24 otsatira, mosasamala kanthu kuti opaleshoni yachitika kapena ayi. Opaleshoniyo ikuchitidwa kuti apulumutse miyoyo yawo, koma sizikudziwika ngati idzapambana. Zitsanzo: Matenda adzidzidzi, omwe angawononge moyo monga kuphulika kwa mtsempha wa m'mimba, munthu amene wavulala ziwalo zingapo pangozi yaikulu (kuvulala kwakukulu), kapena munthu amene wavulala kwambiri muubongo (kutuluka magazi mkati mwa ubongo ndi mphamvu yaikulu).

• ASA VI: Wodwala wodziwika kuti wafa ubongo wake ndipo ziwalo zake zikuchotsedwa kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito ndi anthu ena . Ziwalo zake zimasonkhanitsidwa kuti ziikidwe m'thupi la odwala ena.

Kodi gulu la ASA limeneli limagwiritsidwa ntchito liti?

Mukachita opaleshoni yokonzedweratu, gulu lachipatala lidzakupatsani gulu la ASA patsiku la opaleshoni, musanapatsidwe mankhwala oletsa ululu. Chifukwa chake ndichakuti mukhale ndi chidziwitso cholondola komanso chaposachedwa chokhudza thanzi lanu panthawiyo. Mwachitsanzo, ngati muli ndi chimfine masiku angapo opaleshoni yanu isanachitike, zimenezo zingakhudze kuwunika kwanu. Chifukwa chake ndi bwino kuchita izi mphindi yomaliza.

Kodi katswiri wogonetsa anthu ameneyu ndi ndani?

Katswiri wogonetsa anthu odwala ndi dokotala amene waphunzitsidwa bwino kukupatsani mankhwala ogonetsa anthu odwala kuti musamve ululu panthawi ya opaleshoni. Mankhwala ena ogonetsa anthu odwala amangochititsa kuti thupi lanu lisamamve kupweteka (monga jakisoni wa msana). Mankhwala ena amakugonetsani tulo tofa nato, makamaka panthawi ya opaleshoni yaikulu komanso yovuta. Katswiri wogonetsa anthu odwala matendawa adzayang'anira kugunda kwa mtima wanu, kuthamanga kwa magazi, ndi kupuma kwanu panthawi yonse ya opaleshoniyo kuti atsimikizire kuti simukumva ululu uliwonse.

Kotero, gulu la ASA ili ndi chinthu chomwe chimathandiza dokotala wanu wogonetsa odwala kukonzekera mankhwala ogonetsa omwe angafunike pa opaleshoni yanu. Zingamveke zachilendo kumva wina "akulemba" matenda anu. Koma ndi njira yosungira zolemba zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kukupatsani chithandizo chabwino kwambiri komanso kusintha chilichonse kuti chigwirizane ndi zosowa zanu. Sizimadziŵitsa zoopsa za opaleshoni yanu yokha. Pali zinthu zina zambiri zomwe zimalowamo.

Ndiye, kodi tiyenera kukumbukira chiyani kuchokera pa izi? (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Chabwino, kuchokera pa zomwe takambirana mu gulu la ASA ili, izi ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri kwa inu:

• Kugawa kwa ASA ndi njira yomwe akatswiri ogonetsa odwala amayesa thanzi lanu musanachite opaleshoni. Idayambitsidwa ndi American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) .
• Zolinga zazikulu za izi ndikusunga mbiri ya thanzi lanu, kuyambitsa njira yodziwika bwino yomwe madokotala onse angagwiritse ntchito, ndikuthandizira kuwunika zoopsa za opaleshoni.
• Izi zili ndi magiredi kuyambira pa ASA I (yathanzi) mpaka ASA VI (wopereka ziwalo za ubongo zomwe zafa).
• Musachite mantha ndi "giredi" iyi. Izi sizikutanthauza zotsatira za opaleshoni yanu, komanso sizikutanthauza kuti thanzi lanu ndi loipa.
• Madokotala amazindikira zoopsa mwa kuphatikiza gululi ndi zinthu zina, monga msinkhu wanu ndi mtundu wa opaleshoniyo.
• Pomaliza, zonsezi zimachitika kuti zikuthandizeni kupeza mankhwala oletsa ululu omwe ndi otetezeka komanso oyenera komanso kuti opaleshoniyo ipambane.

Kotero, ngati mukukonzekera kuchitidwa opaleshoni, ndipo madokotala akukambirana za kuchuluka kwa ASA yanu, tsopano mwamvetsa bwino, sichoncho? Ngati muli ndi mafunso ena m'maganizo mwanu, musaope kufunsa dokotala wanu kapena katswiri wa opaleshoni. Adzakufotokozerani zonse.

Anesthesia , opaleshoni, gulu la ASA, kuwunika thanzi, opaleshoni, chipatala, chithandizo chamankhwala