Kodi khomo lachiberekero ndi chiyani? Tiyeni tidziwe bwino lomwe!

Kodi munayamba mwadzifunsapo za gawo laling'ono koma lofunika kwambiri la thupi lanu, chiberekero? Mwina munamvapo dzinali, kuchokera kwa dokotala kapena polankhula za Pap smear. Ndipotu, anthu ambiri salimvetsa bwino. Lero, tiyeni tikambirane za chiberekero ichi, ntchito yomwe chimapereka ku thupi lathu, komanso momwe tingachisungire bwino m'njira yosavuta yomwe mungamvetse.

Kodi khomo lachiberekero ndi chiyani kwenikweni?

Mwachidule, chiberekero chanu ndi chiwalo chokhala ndi minofu, chofanana ndi ngalande. Chili pansi pa chiberekero chanu. Chili ngati khosi la chiberekero . Ndicho chifukwa chake nthawi zina chimatchedwa "khosi la chiberekero." Chiberekero ndi komwe chiberekero chanu ndi nyini zimalumikizana. Ndi gawo la thupi lanu lomwe limalola madzi kuyenda pakati pa chiberekero ndi nyini, ndipo ndi gawo la thupi lanu lomwe limathandiza mwana wanu kudutsa mu nyini (njira yoberekera) mukakhala ndi mwana. Komabe, chiberekero ndi komwe kusintha kwa maselo komwe kungayambitse khansa kumachitika kwambiri. Ndicho chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuchita mayeso a Pap nthawi zonse. Mwanjira imeneyi, dokotala wanu angapeze chilichonse chachilendo kapena chizindikiro cha matenda msanga.

Ndani ali ndi chiberekero?

Azimayi ali ndi khomo lachiberekero. Komanso, anthu ena amitundu yosiyanasiyana amatha kukhala ndi khomo lachiberekero.

Kodi ntchito yeniyeni ya khomo lachiberekero ndi yotani?

Chitseko chanu cha chiberekero chili ngati chipata. Chimalola madzi kulowa ndi kutuluka m'chiberekero chanu. Ndi mlonda wamphamvu kwambiri wa pachipata. Chimatha kutseguka ndi kutseka kuti zinthu monga mimba ndi kubereka zichitike. Tangoganizirani kufunika kwa chiberekero chanu:

• Msambo : Magazi a msambo omwe amatuluka mwezi uliwonse ngati gawo la msambo wanu amayamba m'chiberekero ndikutuluka kudzera m'chiberekero kupita ku nyini.
• Mimba : Pa nthawi yogonana, pamene mnzanu wanu akutulutsa umuna, umuna umachoka kumaliseche, kudzera m'chiberekero, kupita ku chiberekero, kenako n’kupita ku machubu a fallopian , komwe umakumana ndi dzira.
• Kubereka: Mafinya a m'chiberekero chanu amakhudza momwe mungatenge mimba mosavuta. Pa nthawi ya ovulation (thupi lanu likatulutsa dzira), chiberekero chanu chimatulutsa mafinya. Izi zimakhala zoonda komanso zosakoma kwambiri kuposa masiku onse. Izi zimapangitsa kuti umuna upite mosavuta ku chiberekero. Chifukwa chake, umuna umakhala ndi mwayi wabwino wofika pa dzira ndikuliphatikiza ndi umuna.
• NyiniKubereka m'chiberekero: Khomo lanu lachiberekero limayang'anira nthawi yomwe mwana wanu amatenga kuti atuluke m'chiberekero chanu. Pa nthawi yapakati, khomo lanu lachiberekero limapanga chotchingira cha mucous chomwe chimaphimba khomo la chiberekero chanu. Nthawi ikakwana yoti mwana wanu alowe, chotchingira cha mucous ichi chimasungunuka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti khomo lanu lachiberekero likhale lofewa komanso lopyapyala. Kenako khomo lachiberekero limatseguka (kutseguka). Apa ndi pamene mwana wanu amatha kutuluka m'chiberekero chanu . Dokotala wanu amatha kuwerengera kutalika kwa khomo lanu lachiberekero poyesa kuchuluka kwa mwana wanu.
• Kuteteza chiberekero: Khomo lachiberekero limaletsanso zinthu monga ma tampons kapena ma diaphragms omwe mumayika mu nyini kuti asalowe m'chiberekero.

Kodi khomo lachiberekero lili kuti?

Chiberekero chanu ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la njira yanu yoberekera. Chili mkati mwa chiuno chanu, pafupifupi mainchesi atatu mpaka asanu mkati mwa nyini yanu. Chimayambira pansi pa chiberekero chanu ndikufalikira mpaka pamwamba pa nyini yanu. Malo omwe chiberekero chimachokera pamwamba pa nyini yanu amatchedwa ectocervix. Nyini yanu, chiberekero chanu, ndi chiberekero chanu zili kumbuyo kwa chikhodzodzo chanu (chiwalo chomwe chimakuthandizani kukodza) ndi urethra, komanso kutsogolo kwa rectum yanu ndi anus (ziwalo zomwe zimakuthandizani kuchita chimbudzi).

Kodi khomo lachiberekero limawoneka bwanji? Kodi ziwalo zake ndi ziti?

Mawu oti "chiberekero" amachokera ku liwu lachilatini lotanthauza "khosi." Monga khosi, chiberekero chimakhala ngati silinda kapena chubu. Chimalumikiza ziwalo ziwiri zofunika kwambiri za thupi. Monga momwe khosi lanu limalumikizira mutu wanu ndi thupi lanu lonse, chiberekero chimalumikiza chiberekero chanu ndi nyini yanu. Chiberekero ndi chachikulu pang'ono pakati, koma chimapapatiza m'mbali. Malekezero akumtunda amatseguka mu chiberekero, ndipo malekezero akumunsi amatseguka mu nyini. Chiberekero chanu chimapangidwa ndi zigawo izi:

• Dongosolo Loyendetsera Mkati: Apa ndiye polowera m'chiberekero. Pa nthawi ya mimba, madokotala angakambirane za "dongosolo Loyendetsera Mkati" ili.
• Ngalande ya m'chiberekero: Iyi ndi gawo lofanana ndi ngalande lomwe limayambira ku ``Internal OS'' kupita ku ``Ectocervix''.
• Ectocervix: Iyi ndi gawo la chiberekero lomwe limatuluka m'mbali ya kumtunda kwa nyini.
• Dongosolo Loyendetsera Ntchito Yakunja: Uwu ndi mpata wolowera kumaliseche.

Malo omwe ngalande ya endocervical ndi ectocervix zimakumana amatchedwa Transformation Zone (TZ) . Malo awa, otchedwa (TZ), ndi komwe kusintha kwakukulu kwa maselo kumachitika m'chiberekero. Ndi komwe maselo osazolowereka amapezeka kwambiri, monga cervical dysplasia kapena khansa ya pachibelekero.

Kodi khomo lachiberekero ndi lalikulu bwanji?

Chiberekero nthawi zambiri chimakhala chautali pafupifupi inchi imodzi. Komabe, kukula kwa chiberekero kumatha kusiyana malinga ndi munthu. Chiberekero nthawi zambiri chimakhala chachikulu pang'ono mwa akazi omwe adabereka ana. Komanso, chiberekero chimakhala chachikulu mwa akazi omwe ali ndi zaka zobereka kuposa omwe adasiya kusamba. Pa nthawi yobereka, chiberekero chimafupika kwambiri kuti mwana azitha kudutsa mosavuta kuchokera m'chiberekero kupita kumaliseche.

Kodi tingakhudze khomo lachiberekero?

Inde, mungathe kuchita izi kutengera nthawi yomwe mukuyamba kusamba. Ngati muyika chala chanu chachitali kwambiri mu nyini yanu, mukangoyenda pang'ono mudzamva chotchinga chomwe chimalepheretsa chalacho kupita patsogolo. Chimenecho ndi khomo lachiberekero. Lingamveke lolimba, kapena lingamveke ngati siponji yofewa. Malo ndi kapangidwe ka khomo lachiberekero zidzasintha kutengera ngati mukuchita ovulation kapena ayi. Limakhala lofewa kwambiri komanso lovuta kwambiri kulikhudza panthawi ya ovulation.

Koma kumbukirani, ngati muyesa kukhudza chiberekero chanu, onetsetsani kuti mwasamba m'manja mwanu bwino ndi sopo wofatsa ndi madzi ofunda. Kupanda kutero, zinthu monga mabakiteriya zimatha kulowa m'chiberekero chanu ndikuyambitsa matenda.

Kodi khomo lachiberekero limapangidwa ndi chiyani?

Chiberekero chanu chimapangidwa ndi minofu yolimba ya fibromuscular. Mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya maselo imayikidwa pa chibelekero:

• Maselo a Glandular: Maselo amenewa ali mkati mwa ngalande ya endocervical, mkati mwa chiberekero.
• Maselo a squamous: Maselo amenewa ali mbali yakunja kwa chiberekero, 'ectocervix', ndi nyini yanu.

Kusintha kwa maselo nthawi zambiri kumachitika m'dera lomwe mitundu iwiri yosiyanasiyana ya maselo imakumana, lotchedwa ``(TZ)''. Dokotala wanu adzayang'anira kwambiri derali akamayesa khansa ya pachibelekero.

Kodi ndi matenda ati omwe amapezeka kawirikawiri okhudzana ndi chiberekero?

Matenda ambiri oopsa kwambiri omwe amakhudza chiberekero ndi okhudzana ndi kachilombo ka Human Papillomavirus (HPV) . HPV ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana (STI). Nthawi zina ingayambitse khansa ya chiberekero. Nazi zina mwa matenda omwe angakhudze chiberekero:

• Khansa ya pachibelekero: Kumera kwa maselo a khansa m'chibelekero. Chifukwa chachikulu cha izi ndi matenda a HPV .
• Kusakhazikika kwa khosi: Uku ndi kukula kosazolowereka kwa maselo. Chifukwa chachikulu cha izi ndi matenda a HPV. Nthawi zina amatchedwa cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). Ngakhale kuti kusakhazikika kwa khosi sikumapita patsogolo kukhala khansa ya khosi, nthawi zina kumatha kupita patsogolo kukhala khansa ya khosi.
• Cervicitis :Kutupa kwa chiberekero. Izi zitha kuchitika chifukwa cha matenda opatsirana pogonana, ziphuphu pakhungu, kapena ziwengo. Matenda monga chlamydia, chinzonono, herpes, ndi trichomoniasis angayambitse izi. Kutupa kwa chiberekero kumatha kuchitikanso chifukwa cha momwe mapiritsi olerera amapangidwira.
• Ma polyps a m'chiberekero, ma fibroids, ndi ma cysts: Awa ndi ma cysts osavulaza kapena ma cysts odzaza ndi madzi omwe amapangika pa chiberekero. Ma cysts a Nabothian ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri wa cysts ya m'chiberekero.
• Kutupa kwa chiberekero: Ichinso ndi vuto lopanda vuto. Chomwe chimachitika apa ndi chakuti maselo a glandular omwe ali mkati mwa chiberekero amayamba kuonekera kunja.
• Mavuto a m'mimba mwa amayi apakati:
• Kulephera kwa chiberekero: Ichi ndi vuto lomwe limachitika panthawi ya mimba. Chomwe chimachitika apa ndichakuti chiberekero chimatseguka msanga kwambiri. Izi zingayambitse kutaya mimba ndi kubadwa msanga. Vutoli linkatchedwa kale kuti ``chiberekero chosakwanira.''
• Kubereka mwana wosabadwayo: Apa ndi pamene placenta, yomwe imapereka chakudya kwa mwana wosabadwayo, imaphimba khomo lachiberekero pang'ono kapena kwathunthu. Pa mimba yotereyi, nthawi zambiri kumachitika opaleshoni ya cesarean (kubereka mwana wosabadwayo).
• Mimba ya pachibelekero: Izi ndi zovuta zomwe zimachitika kawirikawiri pa mimba. Izi zimachitika dzira likalowa mu ngalande ya endocervical m'malo mwa khoma la chiberekero.

Kodi zizindikiro zofala za matenda a m'chiberekero ndi ziti?

Matenda ambiri a m'chiberekero alibe zizindikiro zooneka. Mwachitsanzo, matenda a m'chiberekero ndi khansa yoyambirira ya m'chiberekero sizingakhale ndi zizindikiro zooneka. Ndicho chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuchita mayeso a Pap smear nthawi zonse kuti muwone ngati maselo akukula molakwika. Komabe, ngati muli ndi zizindikiro, zingaphatikizepo:

• Kutuluka magazi m'mimba mosayenera: Zinthu monga kutuluka magazi ambiri m'mimba kapena kutuluka magazi pakati pa nthawi ya msambo.
• Kutuluka magazi m'mimba: Kutuluka magazi komwe kungakhale kopanda fungo kapena kopanda madzi , kopanda fungo kapena kokhala ndi fungo.
• Kumva kutopa , kusamasuka, kapena kudwala nthawi zambiri.
• Ululu ukayamba kukodza.

Ndingadziwe bwanji ngati pali vuto pa khomo lachiberekero langa?

Mwina simungadziwe. Nthawi zambiri, dokotala wanu sangadziwe kuti muli ndi vuto pokhapokha atapeza chinthu chachilendo panthawi yoyezetsa m'chiuno kapena pap smear. Musayembekezere kuti zizindikiro ziwonekere. Yesani mayeso nthawi zonse.

Kodi mayeso ofala omwe amachitidwa kuti aone ngati khomo lachiberekero lili bwino ndi ati?

Kuyezetsa chiberekero nthawi zonse ndi kuyezetsa magazi kwa Pap ndi njira zodziwika bwino zoyezera chiberekero chanu. Dokotala wanu angakupatseninso mayeso ena kutengera matenda anu. Mayeso ena odziwika bwino ndi awa:

• Kuyezetsa m'chiuno: Dokotala adzayang'ana m'maso komanso pamanja (ndi zala zake) chiberekero chanu kuti aone ngati pali vuto lililonse.
• Kuyeza kwa Pap: Dokotala amatenga chitsanzo cha maselo ochokera ku chiberekero chanu ndikutumiza ku labu kuti akawone khansa kapena maselo omwe asanafike khansa. Kuyeza kwa HPV kumagwiritsa ntchito njira yofanana. Kumafufuza zizindikiro za kachilombo ka HPV.
• Colposcopy: Dokotala amagwiritsa ntchito maikulosikopu yapadera yowunikira kuti ayang'ane bwino minofu yomwe ili pa chiberekero chanu. Ngati pali chilichonse chokayikitsa, chitsanzo cha minofu chingatengedwe ndikuyesedwa mu labu.
• Kujambula m'chiuno: Dokotala wanu angakupatseni mayeso ojambulira kuti muwone bwino chiberekero chanu. Kujambula pogwiritsa ntchito ma ultrasound ndi njira yodziwika bwino yojambulira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'ana chiberekero chanu. Komabe, kujambula pogwiritsa ntchito maginito (MRIs) ndi computed tomography (CT) scans zingagwiritsidwenso ntchito.
• Kufufuza za khansa: Dokotala angatenge chitsanzo cha minofu kuchokera pachibelekero kuti aone ngati pali zizindikiro za khansa. Njira yochotsera khansa ya m'chiberekero pogwiritsa ntchito electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP), conization/cone biopsy, ndi endocervical curettage (ECC) ndi zina mwa njira zofufuzira khansa zomwe dokotala angagwiritse ntchito.

Kodi mankhwala ofala a matenda a m'chiberekero ndi ati?

Cervicitis yoyambitsidwa ndi mabakiteriya nthawi zambiri imatha kuchiritsidwa ndi maantibayotiki. Mayeso monga LEEP ndi cone biopsy, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuza maselo osazolowereka omwe angakhale zizindikiro za khansa, kwenikweni ndi mankhwala. Amachotsa minofu yomwe ili ndi maselo a khansa. Kutengera ndi vuto lanu, dokotala wanu angagwiritse ntchito cryotherapy, kutentha, kapena magetsi kuti awononge maselo osazolowereka m'chiberekero chanu. Mankhwala a khansa ya pachibelekero angaphatikizepo opaleshoni, chithandizo cha radiation, chemotherapy, mankhwala ochizira, ndi immunotherapy.

Malangizo osavuta okhudza moyo wanu kuti chiberekero chanu chikhale chathanzi

Chibelekero chanu ndi chiwalo chaching'ono, koma chimakhudza kwambiri thanzi lanu lonse, panthawi ya mimba komanso nthawi yobereka. Mwa kutsatira malangizo awa, mutha kusunga chiberekero chanu kukhala chathanzi.

• Pezani katemera wa HPV: Bungwe la FDA lavomereza katemera atatu omwe amaletsa mitundu ya HPV yomwe imayambitsa khansa ya pachibelekero: Gardasil®, Gardasil 9®, ndi Cervarix®. Kupeza katemerayu kungachepetse kwambiri chiopsezo chanu chokhala ndi khansa ya pachibelekero.
• Yesani kuyesedwa nthawi zonse za HPV ndi khansa ya pachibelekero: Malinga ndi malangizo wamba, muyenera kuyezetsa koyamba za Pap muli ndi zaka 21 kenako zaka zitatu zilizonse mpaka zaka makumi awiri. Muyenera kuyezetsa za Pap ndi HPV zaka zisanu zilizonse pakati pa zaka 30 ndi 65. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za kuchuluka kwa nthawi yomwe muyenera kuyezetsa, kutengera thanzi lanu.
• Chitani zogonana zotetezeka: Nthawi zonse gwiritsani ntchito makondomu kapena ma dam a mano pogonana, kugonana kumatako, kapena kugonana mkamwa. Musagawane zoseweretsa zogonana, ndipo chepetsani chiwerengero cha ogonana nawo. Kuchita izi kungathandize kuchepetsa chiopsezo chanu chotenga matenda opatsirana pogonana (STIs), monga HPV, zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo chanu cha khansa ya pachibelekero.
• Pewani zinthu zopangidwa ndi fodya: Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti ngati musuta kapena kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zopangidwa ndi fodya, muli ndi mwayi waukulu wopeza matenda a HPV kukhala khansa.

Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba

Chiberekero chanu ndi chiwalo chaching'ono chomwe chimakhudza kwambiri thanzi lanu panthawi ya mimba komanso moyo wanu wonse. Samalani bwino chiberekero chanu mwa kulandira katemera wa HPV ndikuwona dokotala wanu nthawi zonse kuti akayesedwe. Nthawi zambiri, thupi lanu siliwonetsa zizindikiro zilizonse zomwe zimasonyeza kuti muli ndi zotupa zosazolowereka pa chiberekero chanu. Kuwunika pafupipafupi kungathandize dokotala wanu kuzindikira vuto lililonse msanga. Chifukwa chake musaiwale kusamalira izi.