Kodi muli ndi mafunso okhudza ziwengo? Tiyeni tikambirane za katswiri wa ziwengo!

Kodi mumamvanso zachilendo mukadya zakudya zinazake? Kapena mumavutika kupuma mukapuma fumbi pang'ono? Nthawi zina zinthuzi zimaoneka ngati zachilendo, koma kwa anthu ena zimatha kukhala mavuto akulu. Pamenepo ndi pomwe timafunikira thandizo la katswiri wa ziwengo . Lero, tiyeni tikambirane za 'wodwala ziwengo' uyu ndi ndani komanso zomwe amachita.

Kodi ndani amene ali ndi vuto la ziwengo?

Mwachidule, katswiri wa ziwengo ndi dokotala yemwe ndi katswiri wa matenda omwe amakhudza chitetezo chathu chamthupi. Taganizirani izi motere: tili ndi gulu laling'ono la asilikali m'thupi lathu lotchedwa chitetezo chamthupi. Izi ndi zomwe zimatiteteza ku matenda. Komabe, nthawi zina dongosololi limayamba kuchita zinthu mopitirira muyeso. Pamenepo ndi pomwe mavuto amabuka.

Pali matenda angapo a chitetezo chamthupi omwe madokotalawa amachichiza makamaka:

• Matenda a ziwengo ndi ziwengo: Izi zimachitika pamene chitetezo chathu cha mthupi chimachita zinthu mopitirira muyeso chifukwa cha chakudya, mpweya, kapena kukhudza. Mwachitsanzo, anthu ena amatuluka ziphuphu akadya nkhanu, pomwe ena amayamba kuyetsemula akagwira mphaka.
• Mphumu: Apa ndi pamene njira zopumira m'mapapu mwathu zimatupa. Anthu omwe ali ndi mphumu angavutike kupuma mwadzidzidzi chifukwa cha zinthu zina zomwe zimayambitsa matenda, monga fumbi, utsi, kapena chimfine.
• Matenda oyamba a chitetezo chamthupi: Awa ndi ovuta pang'ono. Awa ndi matenda a majini. Izi zimapangitsa kuti chitetezo chathu chamthupi chisagwire bwino ntchito. Pali mitundu yoposa 200 ya matenda amenewa.

Kodi Dokotala wa Ana Wodwala Matenda Osamvana Ndi Ndani?

Tsopano mwina mukudabwa ngati mavutowa angakhudzenso ana aang'ono. Inde, makanda, ana, ndi achinyamata amathanso kukhala ndi ziwengo, mphumu, ndi matenda a chitetezo chamthupi. Pamenepo ndi pomwe dokotala wa ziwengo wa ana amazindikira ndikuwachiza. Iye amakhala ngati wodwala ziwengo kwa akuluakulu, koma iye amaganizira kwambiri ana.

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa katswiri wa matenda a ziwengo ndi dokotala wa chitetezo chamthupi?

Funso limene anthu ambiri amafunsa ndi ili. Nthawi zambiri timagwiritsa ntchito mawu oti 'allergist' ponena za dokotala amene amachiritsa zinthu monga ziwengo ndi mphumu, ndipo nthawi zina amachiritsanso matenda a chitetezo chamthupi. Kenako, 'katswiri wa chitetezo chamthupi' ndi munthu yemweyo. Komabe, nthawi zina 'katswiri wa chitetezo chamthupi' angayang'ane kwambiri kuchiza matenda a chitetezo chamthupi, kapena kuchita kafukufuku wazachipatala pa chitetezo chamthupi. Nthawi zambiri, awiriwa ndi anthu omwe ali ndi gawo limodzi, kutanthauza kuti, anthu omwe ali ndi ziyeneretso za 'Allergist/Immunologist' .

Kodi anthu odwala matendawa amachita chiyani?

Dokotala wa ziwengo amazindikira ndi kuchiza mavuto omwe ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chanu. Izi ndi zomwe angachite:

• Kuyezetsa ziwengo: Izi zidzakuthandizani kudziwa ngati muli ndi ziwengo ku zinthu monga zakudya, mungu (wochokera ku udzu, mitengo, ndi udzu), dander ya ziweto , ndi nkhungu.
• Mphumu imapezedwa poyesa momwe mapapo amagwirira ntchito.
• Mankhwala kapena zipangizo zimaperekedwa kuti apewe, athetse, kapena achepetse kuopsa kwa ziwengo ndi mphumu. Mwachitsanzo, anthu ena angafunike kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opumira.
• Tikukulangizani za kusintha komwe muyenera kusintha pa moyo wanu kuti mupewe zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa ziwengo kapena mphumu.
• Chithandizo cha immunotherapy, monga jakisoni wa ziwengo, chimaperekedwa kuti achepetse ziwengo. Izi zimaphatikizapo kuika thupi pang'onopang'ono ku zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa ziwengo.
• Matenda a immunodeficiency amapezedwa.
• Tikakhala ndi vuto la chitetezo chamthupi, tikupangira njira zodzitetezera ku matenda .
• Mankhwala otchedwa Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) amaperekedwa ngati mankhwala a matenda ena a chitetezo chamthupi.
• Ngati muli ndi vuto la chifuwa cha mankhwala ofunikira, njira yotchedwa ``Drug desensitizing'' imachitidwa kuti muthe kumwa mankhwalawo mosamala.

Ndi matenda amtundu wanji omwe aleji amachiritsa?

Izi ndi zina mwa matenda omwe madokotala awa amawachiza kwambiri:

• Matenda a maso (allergy conjunctivitis)
• Matenda a chifuwa cha mphumu/chimfine cha udzu, chomwe chimadziwikanso kuti 'chimfine cha udzu'
• Anaphylaxis, vuto ladzidzidzi la ziwengo
• Angioedema, kutupa pansi pa khungu
• Mphumu
• Ziwengo za mankhwala
• Eczema ndi matenda a pakhungu.
• Matenda a eosinophilic (momwe mtundu wa maselo oyera a magazi otchedwa 'eosinophil' umawonjezeka)
• Ziwengo za chakudya
• Kukwiya pakhungu, komwe kumatchedwanso 'hives/urticaria'
• Kudwala kwa tizilombo
• Zilonda za latex
• Matenda opatsirana pafupipafupi a sinus

Nchifukwa chiyani tiyenera kupita kwa dokotala wa ziwengo?

Mungafunenso kuonana ndi dokotala ngati uyu pazifukwa zotsatirazi:

• Yang'anani ngati muli ndi ziwengo kapena mphumu.
• Pezani chithandizo cha ziwengo kapena mphumu.
• Ngati muli ndi matenda a chitetezo chamthupi, yang'anirani.

Kodi tiyenera kupita kwa dokotala wa ziwengo liti?

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi, pitani kwa dokotala wa ziwengo. Kapena funsani dokotala wa banja lanu (Primary Care Physician) ngati mukufuna kuonana ndi katswiri wotere.

"Kodi tiyenera kuda nkhawa pang'ono ndi zizindikiro izi?"

• Ngati mukukumana ndi vuto lalikulu la ziwengo - monga ziphuphu, kutupa kwa nkhope kapena lilime, kapena kuvutika kupuma.
• Muli ndi ziwengo, koma simukudziwa chomwe chimayambitsa ziwengozo. Mwachitsanzo, fufuzani ngati zimachitika pokhapokha mutadya zakudya zinazake kapena mukakhudza fumbi.
• Ngati zikukuvutani kulamulira ziwengo zanu kapena mphumu, ngakhale mutagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ndi kusintha moyo wanu.
• Ngati ziwengo kapena mphumu zikukulepheretsani kuchita zinthu zomwe mumakonda, kupita kuntchito, kapena kuchita zinthu zomwe mumakonda.
• Ngati nthawi zambiri mumapuma pang'onopang'ono, mumatsokomola, kapena mumasowa mpweya wokwanira - makamaka mukatha kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kapena usiku.
• Ngati mukudwala nthawi zonse, kapena ngati matenda wamba monga chimfine amatenga nthawi yayitali kuti achire, izi zitha kutanthauza kuti chitetezo cha mthupi lanu ndi chofooka.

Kodi ziwengo zimayesedwa bwanji?

Dokotala wa ziwengo angagwiritse ntchito mayeso osiyanasiyana kuti adziwe mtundu wa ziwengo zomwe muli nazo. Nazi zina mwa izo:

• Mayeso obaya/kukanda pakhungu: Izi zimaphatikizapo kutenga pang'ono chinthu chomwe chikuganiziridwa kuti ndi allergen ndikuchikanda ndi khungu lanu. Kenako, amafufuza zomwe zimachitika, monga kufiira ndi kutupa. Iyi ndi mayeso osavuta komanso achangu.
• Kuyezetsa magazi:Mu izi, chitsanzo cha magazi anu chimatengedwa ndikuyesedwa mu labu kuti muwone ngati muli ndi vuto lililonse la ziwengo chifukwa cha chinthu china.
• Mayeso okhudzana ndi zakudya: Awa ndi mayeso omwe amafunika kusamala. Pankhaniyi, dokotala pang'onopang'ono adzakubweretserani chakudya chomwe mukuganiza kuti muli ndi vuto la ziwengo, uku akuyang'anitsitsa kuti awone ngati muli ndi vuto la ziwengo. Izi ziyenera kuchitika moyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala.

Kuwonjezera pa mayeso a ziwengo awa, zotsatirazi zingachitikenso mukapita kwa dokotala:

• Kuyesa ntchito ya mapapo (spirometry, kuyeza ntchito ya mapapo): Kuyesaku kumayesa momwe mapapo anu akugwirira ntchito. Kuyesaku kumathandiza kuzindikira ndi kusamalira mphumu.
• Amakuphunzitsani momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito zida zachipatala: Dokotala wanu angakuphunzitseni momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito bwino zida monga epinephrine injectors (nthawi zina amatchedwa 'Epipen') pa ziwengo zoopsa, zopumira, ndi zopumira za mphumu.

Kodi mungakhale bwanji katswiri wa ziwengo?

Izi zitha kukhalanso chinthu chomwe mungafune kudziwa. Kuti mukhale katswiri wa ziwengo ku Sri Lanka, choyamba muyenera kupeza digiri ya udokotala (MBBS) kuchokera ku sukulu ya zamankhwala. Pambuyo pake, muyenera kumaliza maphunziro aukadaulo ndi maphunziro aukadaulo monga dokotala wamba. Pambuyo pake, muyenera kupeza maphunziro apadera (MD) mu Internal Medicine kapena Pediatrics. Pambuyo pa maphunziro amenewo, mutha kupeza maphunziro ena apadera (maphunziro a pambuyo pa MD/fellowship) mu gawo la Allergy and Immunology, kupambana mayeso oyenera ndikukhala katswiri wa ziwengo. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ichi ndi chinthu chomwe chiyenera kuchitika ndi kudzipereka kwakukulu komanso nthawi.

Pomaliza, zinthu zingapo zoti muzikumbukira

Matenda a ziwengo, mphumu, ndi matenda a chitetezo chamthupi ndi zinthu zomwe zingakhudze moyo wathu watsiku ndi tsiku, nthawi zina zimayambitsa mavuto aakulu. Koma musachite mantha . Dokotala wa ziwengo angakuthandizeni kuzindikira zomwe zimayambitsa ziwengo kapena mphumu, kukupatsani mankhwala oletsa zizindikiro zanu, ndikukulangizani za kusintha moyo wanu kuti mupewe zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa.

"Mwachidule, madokotala awa amakuthandizani kumvetsetsa vuto lanu, kukhala nalo bwino, komanso kuti lisakusokonezeni."

Choncho, ngati mukuganiza kuti muli ndi vutoli, musataye nthawi ndikupita kwa dokotala. Mukatero mutha kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi komanso womasuka.

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