Kodi "cholesterol yanu yabwino" ili bwanji? Zonse zokhudza cholesterol ya HDL!

Mukayesa cholesterol yanu, mwina mudamvapo za ' cholesterol yabwino ' ndi 'cholesterol yoyipa'. 'Cholesterol yabwino' ndi yomwe HDL ndi. Chifukwa chake, popeza anthu ambiri amaona izi kukhala zosokoneza pang'ono, kodi tikambirane za cholesterol ya HDL m'chinenero chathu?

Kodi HDL ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, HDL imayimira 'High-Density Lipoprotein' . Izi ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timayenda m'magazi athu. Tiziganizire ngati 'ntchito yotumizira' mkati mwa matupi athu.

Ma lipoprotein amenewa amapangidwa ndi mafuta - mafuta - ndi mapuloteni. Ntchito yawo yaikulu ndi kunyamula mafuta m'thupi lathu, makamaka cholesterol, kupita kumene akufunikira, kupita ku maselo. Mafuta awa sangayende m'magazi okha, chifukwa kapangidwe kawo ka mankhwala sikawalola kutero. Ndicho chifukwa chake amafunikira thandizo la "magalimoto" awa otchedwa lipoprotein.

Kodi cholesterol ya HDL ndi yofanana?

Inde, cholesterol ya HDL ndi HDL kwenikweni imatanthauza chinthu chimodzi. Anthu nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mawu onsewa polankhula za tinthu tating'onoting'ono timeneti komanso momwe timakhudzira thanzi la mtima wathu.

Ngakhale tinthu ta HDL timeneti tili ndi mafuta komanso mapuloteni, anthu amawazindikira ndi mtundu wa mafuta omwe ali nawo, womwe ndi cholesterol. Ichi ndichifukwa chake amatchedwanso cholesterol ya HDL.

Chifukwa chiyani HDL imatchedwa "cholesterol yabwino"?

Pali chifukwa chomwe HDL imatchedwa 'cholesterol yabwino'. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, HDL imathandiza kuchotsa cholesterol yochulukirapo m'thupi lathu . Njirayi ingachepetse chiopsezo chathu chodwala matenda a mtima, monga matenda a mtima ndi sitiroko.

Kawirikawiri, cholesterol imalowa m'magazi kuchokera ku chiwindi chathu. Kuchokera pamenepo, ma lipoprotein omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa amanyamula cholesterol kupita ku maselo osiyanasiyana m'thupi. Chifukwa cholesterol imafunika pa ntchito zambiri zofunika, monga kumanga nembanemba ya maselo ndikupanga mahomoni.

Komabe, nthawi zina magazi athu amasonkhanitsa cholesterol yochuluka kwambiri. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, kuposa momwe thupi limafunira. Pamenepo ndi pomwe njira yotchedwa 'reverse cholesterol transport' imabwera kuti ithandize.

'Kutumiza cholesterol m'thupi' kumeneku ndi njira yovuta pang'ono. Asayansi akufufuzabe nthawi ndi momwe HDL imathandizira pa izi. Monga momwe tikudziwira, tinthu ta HDL titha kunyamula cholesterol yochulukirapo m'magazi kubwerera ku chiwindi. Kenako chiwindi chimaswa cholesterol iyi ndikuyichotsa m'thupi kudzera m'ndowe zathu.

Ichi ndi chinthu chabwino kwambiri, chifukwa pamene kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi kukukwera, mafuta amaikidwa pamakoma a mitsempha yathu yamagazi, zomwe zimatha kuzitseka. Ichi ndichifukwa chake timachita izi.Matenda a atherosclerosis ndi omwe ali.

Choncho, HDL imatchedwa cholesterol 'yabwino' kapena 'yothandiza' chifukwa imachotsa cholesterol yochulukirapo. Sikuti kokha, cholesterol ya HDL imagwiranso ntchito polimbana ndi kutupa ndi ma oxidants m'thupi lathu, zomwe zimathandiza kuti maselo athu akhale olimba. HDL imathandizanso poletsa magazi kuundana.

Kodi ndingadziwe bwanji kuchuluka kwa HDL yanga?

Izi n'zosavuta kuzidziwa. Dokotala wanu akhoza kuyitanitsa mayeso a magazi otchedwa 'lipid panel' . Lipotilo lidzakupatsani zambiri zokhudza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya cholesterol yanu, kuphatikizapo kuchuluka kwa HDL yanu.

Kodi HDL ndi yabwino bwanji?

Mkhalidwe wabwino ndi wakuti mulingo wa HDL wanu ukhale mamiligalamu 60 pa decilita (mg/dL) kapena kupitirira apo . Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti kukhala ndi kuchuluka kwa HDL kotereku kungachepetse chiopsezo chanu chodwala matenda a mtima , zomwe zikutanthauza matenda a mtima ndi sitiroko.

Mlingo wabwinobwino wa cholesterol ya HDL mwa akuluakulu umasiyana pang'ono malinga ndi jenda:

• Kwa amuna: 40 mg/dL kapena kupitirira apo.
• Kwa akazi: 50 mg/dL kapena kupitirira apo.

Komabe, chofunika kwambiri ndikulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za zotsatira za lipoti lanu la lipid ndikumvetsetsa momwe zimakukhudzirani.

Kodi sikwabwino kukhala ndi HDL yotsika?

Inde, sikwabwino kwenikweni kukhala ndi milingo ya HDL yomwe siili bwino, kutanthauza kuti, yotsika. Timati anthu omwe ali ndi milingo yotsika ya HDL ali ndi 'HDL yotsika'. Zimenezo ndi zoipa pa thanzi.

Kodi kuwonjezera HDL ndi vuto?

Nayi mfundo ina yofunika. Sizabwino kuti milingo ya HDL ikhale yokwera kwambiri. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, ngati ikwera kwambiri kuposa 80 mg/dL, imatha kufulumizitsa kuuma kwa mitsempha yotchedwa atherosclerosis. Matenda ena omwe angayambitse milingo ya HDL kukhala yotsika kwambiri kapena yokwera kwambiri.

Kodi ndi zifukwa ziti zomwe zimapangitsa kuti HDL ikhale yotsika?

Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mafuta a HDL akhale otsika. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zili:

• Matenda a Tangier: Ichi ndi matenda a majini omwe amachititsa kuti kuchuluka kwa cholesterol ya HDL kuchepe kwambiri.
• Kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi m'thupi: Ichinso ndi vuto la majini. Pachifukwa ichi, kuchuluka kwa HDL kumachepa ndipo kuchuluka kwa LDL, komwe kumadziwikanso kuti cholesterol yoyipa, kumawonjezeka.
• Kusowa kwa ApoA1: Anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli la majini sapanga mapuloteni okwanira otchedwa apolipoprotein A1, omwe ndi gawo lalikulu la HDL.
• Matenda a kagayidwe kachakudya:Izi ndi kuphatikiza kwa zinthu zingapo zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a mtima, kuphatikizapo kuchepa kwa HDL kuposa momwe zimakhalira.
• Body mass index (BMI) yoposa 25 (kulemera kwambiri/kunenepa kwambiri): Kulemera kwa thupi kukakwera, kungayambitse kuchepa kwa HDL.
• Kusuta kapena kugwiritsa ntchito fodya: Nikotini, mankhwala omwe amapezeka mu fodya, amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa HDL. Zotsatirapo zoyipazi sizimapezeka mu ndudu ndi bidis zokha, komanso muzinthu zonse za fodya, kuphatikizapo ndudu zamagetsi.
• Kukana kwa insulin: Mafuta m'thupi akachuluka, zimakhala zovuta kuti insulin ya m'thupi lathu ilamulire bwino kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Izi zingachepetsenso kuchuluka kwa HDL.
• Mankhwala ena omwe mumamwa: Mankhwala ena, mwachitsanzo, beta-blockers, mahomoni ena, kapena diuretics (mankhwala omwe amawonjezera kukodza) amathanso kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol ya HDL.

Kodi ndi chifukwa chiyani HDL imawonjezeka?

Mulingo wa HDL wokwera kwambiri umatanthauzidwa ngati mulingo woposa 80 mg/dL. Izi zimatchedwa 'HDL yokwezeka'.

Chimodzi mwa zifukwa zomwe cholesterol yanu ya HDL ingakhalire yokwera ndi kusintha kwa majini . Kusintha kwa majini ena kungayambitse thupi lanu kupanga cholesterol ya HDL yambiri kapena kukhala ndi mavuto oichotsa m'thupi lanu. Mwachitsanzo, kusintha kwa majini a CETP kungayambitse kuchuluka kwa HDL kupitirira 150 mg/dL.

Pali zifukwa zina zomwe HDL ingakhale yokwera kwambiri:

• Hyperthyroidism: Izi zikutanthauza kuti ntchito ya chithokomiro imawonjezeka.
• Cholangitis yoyamba ya biliary: Iyi ndi matenda omwe amakhudza ducts ya ndulu ya chiwindi.
• Kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso: Kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso.
• Mankhwala ena.

Ngati mulingo wanu wa HDL uli wokwera kwambiri, dokotala wanu adzafufuza chomwe chikuyambitsa vutoli ndikusankha ngati mukufunikira chithandizo.

Kodi mungawonjezere bwanji milingo ya HDL?

Funso limeneli ndi lomwe anthu ambiri amafunsa. Chinthu chabwino kwambiri choti muchite ndikulankhula ndi dokotala wanu kuti akupatseni upangiri wogwirizana ndi thanzi lanu komanso matenda ena aliwonse omwe mungakhale nawo. Koma kawirikawiri, pali kusintha kwa moyo komwe kungathandize kukweza milingo ya HDL m'thupi lanu. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zili:

• Idyani zakudya zopatsa thanzi la mtima: Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti zakudya za ku Mediterranean ndi zabwino pa thanzi la mtima wonse ndipo zimathandiza kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi. Zimaphatikizapo zipatso zambiri, ndiwo zamasamba, nyemba (monga nyemba ndi mphodza), ndi tirigu wonse. Zilinso ndi omega-3 fatty acids.Zakudya zomwe zimathandiza kukweza cholesterol ya HDL ndi monga nsomba zonenepa monga salimoni ndi mackerel, mbewu za fulakesi, ndi mtedza.
• Pewani kapena chepetsani zakudya zosapatsa thanzi: Pewani ma donati okazinga kapena zakudya zophikidwa zomwe zili ndi mafuta osinthika (omwe amatchedwanso mafuta osungunuka pang'ono). Komanso, chepetsani zakudya zomwe zili ndi mafuta okhuta . Mwachitsanzo, soseji, tchizi, nyama yankhumba, ndi batala.
• Kuchita Masewera Olimbitsa Thupi: Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi olimbitsa thupi kungathandize kukweza cholesterol ya HDL. Yesetsani kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwa mphindi zosachepera 30 patsiku, masiku asanu kapena kuposerapo pa sabata. Ngati simunachite masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi yayitali, palibe vuto. Yambani ndi mphindi zisanu mpaka khumi patsiku ndikuwonjezera pang'onopang'ono. Koma onetsetsani kuti mwalankhula ndi dokotala wanu musanayambe dongosolo latsopano lochita masewera olimbitsa thupi.
• Khalani ndi kulemera koyenera: Kuchepetsa thupi, makamaka mafuta m'mimba, kumathandiza kukweza milingo ya HDL.
• Pewani kugwiritsa ntchito fodya konse: Kusuta fodya, kusuta fodya, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zina za fodya kumachepetsa HDL. Chifukwa chake, ngati simukugwiritsa ntchito fodya pakadali pano, musayambe. Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito, ndikofunikira kuyesa kusiya. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za njira zomwe zingakuthandizeni kusiya. Kusuta fodya kwa munthu wina ndi koopsa. Ngati mukukhala ndi munthu amene amasuta, muthandizeni kusiya - ndi kwabwino kwa iye komanso kwa inu.
• Kumwa mankhwala: Nthawi zina dokotala wanu angakulembereni mankhwala monga 'PCSK9 inhibitors' kapena 'ezetimibe' kuti athandize kukweza kuchuluka kwa HDL.

Zimene tikufuna kutenga kuchokera m'nkhaniyi

Kumvetsa lipoti lanu la mayeso a cholesterol nthawi zina kumakhala kosokoneza pang'ono, sichoncho? Pali mawu ambiri oti muphunzire, ndipo zingakhale zovuta kukumbukira chomwe chili 'chabwino' ndi chomwe chili 'choyipa'.

Mukamalankhula za HDL, kumbukirani kuti 'H' ikuyimira 'Wothandiza'. Cholesterol ya HDL ndi yabwino chifukwa imathandiza kuchotsa cholesterol yochulukirapo m'magazi anu.

Ndicho chifukwa chake kukhala ndi HDL yabwino kungakuthandizeni kuchepetsa chiopsezo chanu cha matenda a mtima. Ngati kuchuluka kwa HDL yanu sikuli pamlingo woyenera, onetsetsani kuti mwalankhula ndi dokotala wanu za njira zowongolera. Musadandaule, nthawi zambiri, mutha kuwongolera vutoli mwa kusintha pang'ono moyo wanu, komanso, ngati kuli kofunikira, kumwa mankhwala omwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani. Zabwino zonse!

'Cholesterol, HDL, cholesterol yabwino, matenda a mtima, kuyezetsa magazi, moyo wathanzi, zakudya