Moni! Muli bwanji? Masiku ano, chimfine ndi fuluwenza zikufalikira paliponse. Nthawi zina chimfine chofala, koma nthawi zina chingakhale choopsa pang'ono. Ndicho chimodzi mwa zinthu zomwe tikambirane lero, 'Flu' kapena, m'mawu azachipatala, `(Influenza)`. Anthu ambiri amachitchanso 'virus flu'. Chifukwa chake, tiyeni tiwone tsatanetsatane wa 'Flu' iyi.
Kodi 'chimfine' ichi (fuluwenza) n'chiyani?
Mwachidule, 'chimfine' ndi matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha
kachilombo kotchedwa `(Influenza)` komwe kamalowa m'thupi mwathu. Ndi matenda opatsirana. Mukadwala 'chimfine', mumamva zizindikiro monga mutu, kupweteka kwa thupi, kupweteka pakhosi, ndi malungo. Zimakhudzanso njira yopumira, kotero mutha kukumana ndi zinthu monga kutsokomola ndi kuvutika kupuma. Nthawi zina zizindikirozi
zimatha kukhala zowopsa pang'ono komanso zowopsa. Makamaka nthawi yozizira, ndiko kuti, nthawi yozizira, 'chimfine' ichi chimafalikira kwambiri. Kenako anthu ambiri amatha kuchipeza nthawi imodzi. Timachitcha kuti mliri.
Kodi nthawi yodziwika kwambiri ya chimfine pachaka ndi iti?
Nyengo ya chimfine ndi nthawi yomwe chiwerengero cha anthu odwala chimfine chimawonjezeka. M'mayiko akumpoto kwa dziko lapansi (monga United States), nthawi imeneyi imaonedwa kuti ndi kuyambira Okutobala mpaka Meyi.
Chiwerengero chachikulu cha anthu odwala chimapezeka pakati pa Disembala ndi Febuluwale. M'dziko lathu, ngakhale kuti anthu odwala chimfine amaoneka pang'ono chaka chonse, kufalikira kwa matendawa kumawonjezeka ndi nyengo yozizira komanso yamvula.
Kodi chimfine ndi chofala bwanji?
Chimfine ndi
matenda ofala kwambiri. Ngakhale m'dziko ngati America, akuti anthu pakati pa 20 ndi 40 miliyoni amadwala chimfine nthawi iliyonse ya chimfine. Ndiye tangoganizirani momwe izi zimafalikira mofulumira.
Kodi kusiyana pakati pa 'Flu' ndi chimfine ndi kotani?
Anthu ambiri amasokoneza zonsezi. Izi zili choncho chifukwa chimfine ndi chimfine zimatha kukhala ndi zizindikiro zofanana, monga mphuno yotuluka madzi ndi chifuwa.
Koma kusiyana kwakukulu ndikuti zizindikiro za chimfine nthawi zambiri zimakhala zochepa ndipo zimatha pakatha masiku awiri kapena atatu. Koma zizindikiro za chimfine zimatha kukhala zowopsa kwambiri, zitha kukhala zowopsa, ndipo nthawi zina zingayambitse mavuto aakulu. Chinthu china chofunikira ndichakuti matenda awiriwa amayamba chifukwa cha mitundu iwiri yosiyana ya mavairasi.
Kodi ndingadziwe bwanji ngati ndili ndi 'Flu' kapena '(COVID-19)'?
Funso limene anthu ambiri amafunsa ndi ili. Chifukwa zizindikiro za chimfine ndi COVID-19 zimatha kufanana kwambiri. Chifukwa chake,
njira yokhayo yodziwira ngati muli ndi chimfine kapena COVID-19 ndi kuyezetsa. Matenda onsewa ali ndi chiopsezo cha mavuto aakulu. Komabe, chifukwa matenda awiriwa amayamba chifukwa cha mavairasi osiyanasiyana, madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osiyanasiyana kuti awachiritse.
Ndani ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga mavuto aakulu chifukwa cha chimfine?
Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda enaake ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga mavuto aakulu chifukwa cha chimfine, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti angafunike kupita kuchipatala. Ngati muli ndi vuto lililonse mwa zotsatirazi, muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu:
- Ngati muli ndi mphumu , COPD , kapena matenda ena osatha a m'mapapo.
- Ngati muli ndi mbiri ya matenda a impso, chiwindi, mitsempha, mtima, kapena mitsempha yamagazi, kuphatikizapo matenda monga `(stroke)`.
- Ngati muli ndi vuto lomwe limayambitsa mavuto pakugwira ntchito kwa minofu, kapena lomwe limakupangitsani kukhala kovuta kutsokomola, kumeza, kapena kuchotsa madzi monga mamina m'njira yopumira.
- Muli ndi `(Matenda a Shuga)` ( Ngati muli ndi matenda a shuga .
- Ngati chitetezo chanu cha mthupi chafooka (monga chifukwa cha HIV/AIDS, khansa, kapena kumwa mankhwala oletsa chitetezo cha mthupi).
- Ngati muli ndi matenda a magazi monga matenda a sickle cell.
- Ngati BMI yanu (Body Mass Index) ili pamwamba pa 30, zikutanthauza kuti mukudwala kunenepa kwambiri .
- Ngati muli ndi zaka zosakwana 5 kapena kupitirira 65.
- Ngati muli ndi pakati.
- Ngati muli ndi zaka zosakwana 19 ndipo mumamwa aspirin nthawi zonse.
- Ngati mukukhala m'malo osamalira okalamba kwa nthawi yayitali monga malo osungira okalamba.
Kodi zizindikiro za 'Flu' ndi ziti?
Zizindikiro za chimfine nthawi zambiri
zimabwera mwadzidzidzi. Zizindikiro zazikulu ndi izi:
- Malungo
- Kuzizira
- Kupweteka kwa thupi, kupweteka kwa minofu
- Chifuwa
- Mutu
- Chikhure
- Mphuno yotuluka madzi kapena kutsekeka (`(kutsekeka)`)
- Kutopa kwambiri, kumva kufooka
- Kutsegula m'mimba kapena kusanza (izi zimachitika kwambiri mwa ana aang'ono)
Simuyenera kukhala ndi zizindikiro zonsezi nthawi imodzi. Anthu ena angakhale ndi zizindikiro zochepa chabe.
Kodi chimfine chimayambitsa chiyani?
Chimfine chimayambitsidwa ndi kachilombo kotchedwa `(Influenza)`. Pali mitundu itatu ikuluikulu ya kachilomboka yomwe imakhudza anthu. Ndi `(Influenza A)`, `(Influenza B)` ndi `(Influenza C)`. Mwa izi, `(Influenza A)` ndi `(B)` ndi mitundu iwiri yomwe imapezeka kwambiri nyengo (monga nthawi yachisanu) ndipo ingayambitse zizindikiro zoopsa. Zizindikiro za kachilombo ka `(Influenza C)` nthawi zambiri sizikhala zoopsa kwambiri, ndipo si kachilombo ka nyengo. Milandu imanenedwa pafupifupi chaka chonse. Mwina mudamvapo za `(H1N1)` ("nkhumba ya nkhumba") ndi `(nkhumba ya mbalame)`. Zonsezi ndi mitundu ya kachilombo ka `(Influenza A)`.
Kodi chimfine chimapatsirana?
Inde, chimfine ndi matenda opatsirana. Izi zikutanthauza kuti chimafalikira kuchokera kwa munthu wina kupita kwa wina. Munthu mmodzi amene ali ndi chimfine akhoza kupatsira munthu m'modzi kapena awiri.
Kodi chimfine chimafalikira bwanji?
Kachilombo ka chimfine kamafalikira kudzera mu kukhudzana mwachindunji kapena mwanjira ina ndi munthu yemwe ali ndi kachilomboka. Pali njira zingapo zazikulu zomwe chimfine chingafalitsidwire:
- Munthu amene ali pafupi akamatsokomola, kuyetsemula, kapena kulankhula: Madontho a madzi amatha kugwera m'manja mwanu, kapena amatha kuyenda mumlengalenga ndikulowa m'mphuno kapena pakamwa panu. Kachiromboka kangathe kupita ku mapapo anu.
- Mwa kukhudza malo omwe ali ndi kachilombo kenako n’kukhudza nkhope yanu, mphuno, pakamwa, kapena maso: Zitsanzo za izi zikuphatikizapo zogwirira zitseko, madesiki, makompyuta, ndi mafoni.
- Mwa kukhudza manja kapena nkhope ya munthu amene ali ndi chimfine kenako n’kukhudza nkhope yanu, mphuno, pakamwa, kapena maso anu.
Kodi zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti munthu adwale chimfine atatha kudwala kachilomboka?
Ngati muli ndi kachilomboka, zizindikiro nthawi zambiri zimawonekera
mkati mwa tsiku limodzi kapena anayi kuchokera pamene mwakumana ndi kachilomboka. Nthawi imeneyi imatchedwa ``nthawi yoyamwitsa```.
Kodi mungadziwe bwanji chimfine?
Dokotala wanu adzazindikira chimfine mwa kufunsa za zizindikiro zanu ndikutenga chitsanzo cha ntchofu kuchokera m'mphuno mwanu. Adzayika swab yofewa, yayitali, yokhala ndi thonje (`(swab)`) m'mphuno mwanu kuti aone kachilombo ka `(chimfine)`. Mayeso ena angakupatseni zotsatira mumphindi zochepa. Kapena dokotala wanu angatumize chitsanzocho ku labu, zomwe zingatenge tsiku limodzi kapena awiri kuti apeze zotsatira.
Kodi chimfine chimachiritsidwa bwanji?
Nthawi zina, madokotala amatha kuchiza chimfine ndi mankhwala oletsa mavairasi. Mankhwalawa amatha kuchepetsa chiopsezo chanu chodwala ndikufupikitsa nthawi yomwe mukudwala. Koma anthu ambiri amatha kuchira chimfine popanda kumwa mankhwala olembedwa ndi dokotala. Madokotala amalemba mankhwala oletsa mavairasi ngati:
- Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro pasanathe maola 48 mutayamba: Mankhwalawa sangakhale othandiza ngati muyamba kuwagwiritsa ntchito patatha masiku oposa awiri mutayamba zizindikiro zanu. Izi zili choncho chifukwa panthawiyo kachilomboka kamakhala katapanga kale ma antibodies ambiri ndipo thupi lanu layamba kupanga ma antibodies ake kuti alimbane nawo.
- Ngati muli ndi vuto linalake la matenda, kapena ngati muli pachiwopsezo chotenga matendawa: Pazochitika izi, madokotala amatha kukupatsani mankhwala oletsa mavairasi, ngakhale zizindikiro za matendawa zitapitirira maola 48.
- Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zoopsa, ngakhale patatha maola opitilira 48 kuchokera pamene munayamba kudwala.
- Ngati mukukhala kapena kusamalira anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda a chimfine.
Kodi mankhwala a 'chimfine' ndi ati?
Pali mankhwala angapo oletsa mavairasi a chimfine:
- (Oseltamivir phosphate): Mwina munamvapo izi pansi pa dzina la kampani `(Tamiflu®)`. Imabwera ngati mapiritsi kapena madzi ndipo imatengedwa pakamwa. Nthawi zambiri imatengedwa kwa masiku angapo.
- Zanamivir: Izi zimabwera pansi pa dzina la Relenza®. Zimapumidwa kudzera pakamwa pogwiritsa ntchito inhaler. Nthawi zambiri zimatengedwa kwa masiku angapo. Komabe, sizikulimbikitsidwa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi mavuto opuma monga mphumu kapena COPD.
- Peramivir: Imapezeka pansi pa dzina lodziwika bwino la Rapivap®. Imeneyi ndi mankhwala omwe dokotala wanu amapereka mwachindunji mumtsempha (IV). Nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa mu mlingo umodzi.
- (Baloxavir marboxil): Izi zimabwera pansi pa dzina la kampani `(Xofluza®)`. Zimatengedwa pakamwa ngati piritsi kapena madzi. Muyenera kumwa mlingo umodzi wokha. Komabe, sizikulimbikitsidwa ngati muli ndi pakati, mukuyamwitsa, kuchipatala, kapena muli ndi matenda enaake osatha.
Chofunika: Musanayambe kumwa mankhwala oletsa mavairasi, muyenera kudziwitsa dokotala wanu za matenda ena aliwonse omwe muli nawo.
Zotsatirapo zoyipa za chithandizo
Mankhwala aliwonse oletsa mavairasi amatha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zosiyanasiyana. Komabe, zotsatirapo zoyipa kwambiri ndi nseru ndi kutsegula m'mimba. Mankhwala opumira nthawi zina angayambitse bronchospasm, vuto lomwe njira zopumira zimachepa mwadzidzidzi ndikutsekeka.
Kodi mungatani kuti muthane ndi zizindikiro za chimfine kunyumba?
Anthu ambiri amatha kuthana ndi zizindikiro za chimfine kunyumba pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ogulitsidwa kunja kwa chipatala (OTC) ndi mankhwala ena apakhomo, popanda kufunafuna chithandizo chamankhwala. Nazi zina mwa izo:
- Pumulani bwino.
- Imwani madzi ambiri, monga madzi ndi msuzi , kuti mupewe kutaya madzi m'thupi .
- Pa ululu wa thupi, gwiritsani ntchito mabotolo a madzi otentha kapena mapaketi otenthetsera.
- Mungathe kumwa mankhwala ochepetsa ululu monga `(acetaminophen)` (monga `(Tylenol®)`), kapena `(NSAIDs)` (monga `(Advil®)`, `(Motrin®)`, `(Aleve®)`) kuti muchepetse malungo ndikuchepetsa mutu ndi kupweteka kwa thupi.
- Mankhwala ochotsa m'mimba (monga phenylephrine, pseudoephedrine) angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati mankhwala opopera kapena kumwedwa kuti achepetse mphuno yotuluka madzi kapena mphuno yotsekeka.
- Mankhwala oletsa chifuwa (oletsa kutupa) (monga dextromethorphan) angagwiritsidwe ntchito poletsa kutsokomola pafupipafupi.
- Mungagwiritse ntchito mankhwala (`(expectorants)`) (monga `(guaifenesin)`) omwe amathandiza kutulutsa mamina mosavuta m'mapapo.
Chofunika: Si mankhwala onse a OTC omwe ali oyenera aliyense. Choncho nthawi zonse funsani dokotala wanu kapena wamankhwala musanagwiritse ntchito mankhwala aliwonse. Komanso, onetsetsani kuti sakugwirizana ndi mankhwala ena kapena zowonjezera zomwe mukumwa. Musapatse ana osakwana zaka 16 aspirin popanda kufunsa dokotala kaye.
Kodi mungapewe bwanji kudwala chimfine?
Njira yabwino komanso yofunika kwambiri yodzitetezera ku chimfine ndikutenga katemera wa chimfine chaka chilichonse. Izi zitha kuperekedwa ngati jakisoni kapena ngati mankhwala opopera m'mphuno. Kachilombo ka chimfine kangasinthe pakapita nthawi, choncho ndikofunikira kupeza katemera watsopano chaka chilichonse.
Pali njira zina zingapo zochepetsera chiopsezo chotenga chimfine:
- Sambani m'manja mwanu bwino ndi sopo ndi madzi nthawi zonse. Ngati sopo ndi madzi sizikupezeka, gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala oyeretsera m'manja okhala ndi mowa.
- Phimbani mphuno ndi pakamwa panu mukamatsokomola kapena kutsokomola. Ngati mutsokomola, musatsokomole m'dzanja lanu mwachindunji, koma mulowe m'chigongono kapena mu minofu.
- Khalani kutali ndi ena ngati inu kapena wina ali ndi matenda opatsirana monga chimfine. Ngati mukudwala ndipo muyenera kukhala pafupi ndi anthu ena, valani chigoba.
- Pewani kukhudza nkhope, maso, mphuno, ndi pakamwa pafupipafupi.
- Musagawane chakudya, zakumwa, mbale, kapena ziwiya ndi ena.
Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati mutadwala chimfine?
Anthu ambiri amatha kuthana ndi zizindikiro za chimfine kunyumba ndikuchira mkati mwa masiku ochepa mpaka sabata imodzi. Komabe, zingakhale zovuta kwambiri, choncho
ndikofunikira kuyang'anira zizindikiro zanu ndikupempha upangiri wa dokotala ngati pakufunika kutero. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri ngati muli ndi matenda enaake. Ngati muli ndi chimfine, ndibwino kuti musakhale pafupi ndi anthu ena, kupatulapo kufunafuna chithandizo chamankhwala.
Kodi chimfine chakhalapo kwa nthawi yayitali bwanji?
Chimfine chingatenge masiku angapo mpaka milungu iwiri. Zizindikiro monga malungo ndi kupweteka kwa thupi zimabwera mwadzidzidzi, koma zimachepa mofulumira kuposa zizindikiro zina. Chifuwa kapena mphuno yotuluka madzi ingakhalepo kwa kanthawi.
Kodi chimfine chimafalikira kwa nthawi yayitali bwanji?
Mukhoza kufalitsa chimfine kwa wina kuyambira tsiku limodzi musanayambe kukhala ndi zizindikiro za chimfine mpaka pafupifupi sabata imodzi kuchokera pamene zizindikiro zayamba.
Nthawi yopatsirana kwambiri ndi masiku atatu kapena anayi oyambirira kuchokera pamene zizindikiro zayamba.Anthu omwe ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka komanso ana aang'ono amatha kutenga kachilomboka kwa nthawi yayitali.
Kodi ndingabwerere liti kuntchito/kusukulu?
Kuti mupewe kufalitsa chimfine kwa ena, muyenera kubwerera kuntchito kapena kusukulu
mutakhala opanda malungo kwa maola osachepera 24 osamwa mankhwala ochepetsa malungo. Malo anu antchito kapena kusukulu kwanu akhoza kukhala ndi malamulo osiyana.
Mavuto a Chimfine
Kachilombo ka fuluwenza kokha kangayambitse mavuto, kapena kachilomboka kangathe kufooketsa chitetezo cha mthupi lanu ndikulola mabakiteriya kufalikira m'mbali zosiyanasiyana za thupi lanu (matenda achiwiri). Mavutowa ndi matenda achiwiri ndi awa:
- Matenda a m'makutu (`(Matenda a m'makutu)`)
- Matenda a m'mphuno (`(matenda a m'mphuno)`)
- Matenda oopsa a m'mapapo (chibayo). Chibayo chingayambitse matenda a kupuma movutikira (ARDS) ndi matenda ena oopsa.
- Kutaya mimba panthawi ya mimba
- Kupezeka kwa ziphuphu za neural tube (NTDs) m'mwana wosabadwayo amene amakula m'mimba mwa mayi wapakati.
Kodi anthu angati amafa ndi chimfine?
M'dziko ngati America, nthawi ya chimfine nthawi zambiri, akuti anthu pakati pa 20,000 ndi 50,000 amafa ndi chimfine chaka chilichonse. Anthu ena 300,000 mpaka 500,000 amagonekedwa m'chipatala chifukwa cha matenda aakulu. Choncho ichi si chinthu choyenera kuonedwa mopepuka, sichoncho?
Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?
Ngati mukuganiza kuti muli ndi chimfine,
ndikofunikira kuyezetsa msanga. Ngati dokotala wanu akulemberani mankhwala oletsa mavairasi, akhoza kukhala othandiza kwambiri. Pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo ngati:
- Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro za chimfine ndipo muli ndi vuto linalake lomwe limakuikani pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matendawa.
- Ngati zizindikiro zanu sizikuyenda bwino patatha masiku 7 mpaka 10, kapena ngati muli ndi malungo kwa masiku opitilira atatu.
- Ngati muli ndi pakati ndipo muli ndi malungo kapena zizindikiro zina za 'chimfine'.
Kodi ndiyenera kupita ku chipinda chadzidzidzi liti ( ETU )?
Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zazikulu zotsatirazi, pitani kuchipatala kapena pitani kuchipatala mwamsanga:
- Malungo aakulu (oposa 103 Fahrenheit/40 Celsius).
- Kuvuta kupuma.
- Palibe kapena mkodzo wotuluka pang'ono kwambiri.
- Kupweteka pachifuwa kapena m'mimba kosalekeza.
- Chizungulire pafupipafupi.
- Chisokonezo (`(Chisokonezo)`).
- Kupweteka kwambiri kwa minofu kapena kufooka.
- Kukomoka (`(Seizures)`). (Oops, " Seizures " is Tamil. Corrected to Sinhala: " / (`(Seizures)`)").
- Mtundu wabuluu wa khungu, milomo, kapena misomali (cyanosis) - Ichi chikhoza kukhala chizindikiro cha mpweya wochepa m'magazi kapena minofu yanu.
- Ngati malungo kapena chifuwa chayamba kuchira kenako n’kubwereranso.
- Ngati matenda anu ena akuipiraipira.
Ndi mafunso ati omwe ndiyenera kufunsa dokotala wanga?
- Kodi ndiyenera kumwa mankhwala anga bwanji?
- Ndi mankhwala ati omwe ndingagwiritse ntchito pogula mankhwala ('ogulitsidwa mu sitolo')?
- Kodi ndingachiritse bwanji zizindikiro zanga kunyumba?
- Ndi zizindikiro ziti zoopsa zomwe ndiyenera kuyang'anitsitsa?
- Kodi ndiyenera kupita ku chipinda chadzidzidzi liti?
- Ndiyenera kubweranso liti kudzakuonaninso?
- Kodi zinditengera nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti ndichire?
Kodi 'chimfine cha m'mimba' chimatchedwanso '(chimfine)'?
Ayi. Matenda otchedwa `(Gastroenteritis)` ndi omwe nthawi zambiri amatchedwa ``chimfine cha m'mimba''. Sichiyambitsidwa ndi kachilombo ka `(Influenza)`. Sichikugwirizana ndi ``chimfine'' cha nyengo.
Pomaliza, uthenga woti mutenge kunyumba:
Ngakhale kuti chimfine ndi matenda ofala kwambiri, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti chingayambitse mavuto omwe angawononge moyo wanu.
Kulandira jakisoni wa chimfine ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yodzitetezera ku matenda ndikuteteza okondedwa anu ndi anansi anu. Ngati muli ndi matenda enaake kapena muli ndi pakati, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za njira zochepetsera chiopsezo chanu chotenga chimfine. Kutenga chimfine sikosangalatsa, koma anthu ambiri amatha kuchira chifukwa chokhala panyumba, mwina kuonera kanema wabwino kapena kumwa supu ya nkhuku. Komabe, nthawi zonse ndikofunikira kudziwa zoopsa zake.
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