Kodi munayamba mwakhalapo chonchi? Mukaitanidwa ku phwando la mnzanu kapena ukwati, lingaliro lopita kumeneko limakupangitsani kukhala ndi nkhawa komanso mantha kwambiri. Mumaganiza kuti, "O, pali anthu ambiri kumeneko... aliyense akundiyang'ana... sindidzakhala ndi munthu woti ndilankhule naye..." Kenako mumasankha kusapitako pazifukwa zabodza. Ngati mwakumanapo ndi izi, simuli nokha. Lero tikambirana za Anthropophobia, mantha aakulu a anthu kapena malo okhala ndi anthu ambiri.
Kodi Anthropophobia kwenikweni ndi chiyani?
Mwachidule, Anthropophobia ndi mantha aakulu komanso osazolowereka kwa anthu. Ndi mantha, zomwe zikutanthauza mantha. Munthu amene ali ndi vutoli amaopa kwambiri komanso samasuka akamacheza ndi anthu, kupita kumalo odzaza anthu, ndipo nthawi zina amamuyang'ana m'maso ndikulankhula naye. Amamva ngati akuonedwa ndi kuweruzidwa ndi ena.
Pakadali pano, buku la DSM-5, lomwe limagawa matenda amisala, sililemba izi ngati matenda enaake. Komabe, anthu ambiri amaona kuti ndi mantha enieni.
Chofunika kwambiri n’chakuti palibe chifukwa chenicheni cha mantha amenewa. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, manthawo ndi aakulu kwambiri kuposa chifukwa cha mantha. Ngakhale mutadziwa kuti mantha amenewa ndi osazolowereka, n’kovuta kwambiri kulamulira maganizo ndi zizindikiro zimenezo.
Kodi izi ndi zosiyana ndi matenda a nkhawa pakati pa anthu?
Inde, pali kusiyana pakati pa ziwirizi. Ngakhale anthu ambiri amasokoneza ziwirizi, sizili zofanana. Munthu amene ali ndi vuto la nkhawa za anthu amaopa zochitika pagulu . Mwachitsanzo, amamva kusamasuka komanso mantha akamapita ku phwando, akamalankhula pamsonkhano, kapena akamalankhula ndi munthu wina m'sitolo.
Komabe, munthu amene ali ndi mantha a anthu amaopa anthu, mosasamala kanthu za momwe zinthu zilili . Izi zikutanthauza kuti, munthu amene ali ndi mantha a anthu sangamve mantha pamalo odzaza anthu pomwe palibe amene amawadziwa (monga m'basi). Koma munthu amene ali ndi mantha a anthu amaopa khamu lililonse la anthu.
Tiyeni tiwone tebulo ili kuti timvetse bwino kusiyana kumeneku.
| Khalidwe | Kuopa Anthu | Matenda a Nkhawa Pagulu |
|---|---|---|
| Mantha aakulu | Kwa anthu (Anthu) | Zochitika pagulu |
| Zochitika zoopsa | Mantha angabuke nthawi iliyonse mukakhala pafupi ndi anthu, ngakhale mutakhala nokha. | Ukayenera kuchita chinachake pamaso pa ena, ukamva ngati ukuweruzidwa ndi ena. |
| Chitsanzo | Kumva mantha aakulu ngakhale mukaona anthu osawadziwa m'basi, mumsewu, kapena m'sitolo. | Kuopa kupereka nkhani pamsonkhano, kapena kulankhula ndi anthu atsopano pa phwando. |
N’chifukwa chiyani izi zikuchitika? Kodi zifukwa zake ndi ziti?
N'zovuta kudziwa chifukwa chimodzi chomwe chimayambitsa izi, koma zinthu zina zitha kuwonjezera chiopsezo cha vutoli.
- Kuperekedwa kwa chidaliro ndi munthu amene munkamudalira kwambiri: Bwenzi lapamtima kapena wachibale wanu akukuberani kapena kukusiyani kungayambitse kukhumudwa, kusakhulupirirana, komanso kuopa anthu.
- Mbiri ya Banja: Ngati wina m'banja mwanu ali ndi matenda okhudzana ndi nkhawa, mwina inunso mungakhale ndi vutoli.
- Kusalingana kwa mahomoni: Kusintha kwa mahomoni m'thupi nthawi zina kungakhudze thanzi lathu la maganizo.
- Mavuto a adrenal gland: Ma adrenal gland amenewa amapanga mahomoni opsinjika m'thupi lathu. Ngati pali vuto ndi momwe amagwirira ntchito, lingayambitsenso mitundu iyi ya mantha.
Kodi zizindikiro za munthu amene ali ndi vuto la anthropophobia ndi ziti?
Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi vutoli amakumana ndi chinthu chotchedwa 'anxiety precipatory'. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, amakhala ndi nkhawa komanso mantha ndi chochitika chisanachitike. Amamva mantha komanso mantha ngakhale asanapite kumalo komwe kuli anthu.
Izi nthawi zambiri ndi zinthu zomwe amaopa kwambiri:
- Ndikuopa kuti ena angandiweruze.
- Zikumveka ngati aliyense akuwayang'ana.
- Ndimaopa kuyang'ana munthu m'maso ndikulankhula.
Kupsinjika maganizo kumeneku kungayambitse zizindikiro zambiri zakuthupi.
| Makhalidwe a m'maganizo/makhalidwe | Makhalidwe a thupi |
|---|---|
| Kupewa malo odzaza anthu | Kuvuta kupuma (kupuma movutikira) |
| Kumva kusamasuka kwambiri pamaso pa ena | Kufiira kwa nkhope |
| Kawirikawiri amaganiza kuti akusekedwa | Kusanza kapena kusanza |
| Kuopa kulankhula ndi ena | Kugunda kwa mtima |
| Chikhumbo champhamvu chokhala ndekha | Thukuta kwambiri |
| Kugwedezeka |
Kodi dokotala amazindikira bwanji izi?
Ngakhale kuti palibe malangizo enieni okhudza matenda a matendawa, dokotala wanu adzayesa kuzindikira vutoli mwa kukufunsani mafunso angapo.
"Kodi nthawi zonse mumamva mantha mukakhala pagulu?"
"Kodi kupewa anthu kwakhudza zochita zanu za tsiku ndi tsiku?"
"Kodi mwakhala ndi mantha awa kwa miyezi yoposa isanu ndi umodzi?"
Nthawi zina, mantha amenewa omwe anthu ali nawo akhoza kukhala chizindikiro cha matenda ena amisala. Mwachitsanzo, zizindikiro zofanana zimatha kuwoneka m'mikhalidwe monga `Avoidant Personality Disorder`, `Paranoid Personality Disorder` kapena `Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Chifukwa chake, chinthu chabwino kwambiri choti muchite ndikuwona dokotala ngati mukukumana ndi mavuto otere .
Kodi pali mankhwala a izi?
Ngakhale kuti palibe "mankhwala" a izi, musadandaule. Ndi chithandizo choyenera, anthu ambiri atha kuwongolera zizindikirozi kwambiri ndikukhala moyo wabwinobwino . Ndi chithandizo, mantha awa amatha kuchepa mpaka kufika poti sakusokonezanso moyo wanu watsiku ndi tsiku.
Pali njira zingapo zazikulu zochiritsira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Chithandizo Chowonekera
Iyi nthawi zambiri ndi njira yoyamba komanso yothandiza kwambiri yothandizira anthu oopa mantha. Zimaphatikizapo kudziwonetsa pang'onopang'ono ku chinthu chomwe mumachiopa pamalo olamulidwa.
1. Choyamba: Zimakuphunzitsani kuganiza zinthu monga kulankhula ndi anthu komanso kucheza.
2. Chachiwiri: Pambuyo pake, dziwani kucheza ndi gulu laling'ono la anthu (mabwenzi awiri kapena atatu odalirika).
3. Pomaliza: Pang'onopang'ono dziphunzitseni kupita kumalo okhala ndi anthu ambiri.
Zonsezi zimachitika motsogozedwa ndi katswiri wa zamaganizo.
Chithandizo cha Maganizo (CBT)
Iyi ndi njira yolankhulirana. Katswiri wanu wa zamaganizo adzakulankhulani ndi kukuthandizani kuzindikira malingaliro achilendo komanso osamveka bwino (monga, "Aliyense akundiyang'ana ndikundiseka"). Kenako, adzakuphunzitsani momwe mungasinthire malingaliro amenewo ndi malingaliro anzeru komanso enieni.
Kuchiza ndi Hypnotherapy
Izi zikuphatikizapo kukutsogolerani kuti mukhale ndi mpumulo waukulu komanso kuganizira kwambiri. Mu vutoli, kupambana pochiza mantha kungawonjezeke.
Mankhwala
Nthawi zina, dokotala wanu angakupatseni mankhwala ochepetsa nkhawa. Mwachitsanzo, mankhwala monga diazepam (Valium®) kapena alprazolam (Xanax®) angaperekedwe kuti achepetse mantha asanachitike vuto linalake (monga msonkhano).
Chofunika: Mankhwala awa si oyenera aliyense. Chifukwa chake , musamwe mankhwala awa popanda kufunsa dokotala . Dokotala yekha amene akukufufuzani ndi amene angasankhe ngati mukufunikira mankhwalawo kapena ayi.
Kodi chingachitike n’chiyani ngati simulandira chithandizo?
Ngati vutoli silichiritsidwa, mavuto ena angabuke pakapita nthawi.
- Matenda ena amisala:Chiwopsezo chotenga matenda ena amisala monga kuvutika maganizo chimawonjezeka.
- Kudzipatula: Kupewa anthu kungakupangitseni kuti mudzipatule kwathunthu ndi anthu ena pakapita nthawi, zomwe zingawonjezere kusungulumwa.
- Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo Molakwika: Anthu ena angagwiritse ntchito mowa kapena mankhwala osokoneza bongo kuti athetse mantha ndi nkhawa zawo.
Kodi chiopsezo cha vutoli chingachepe bwanji?
Palibe njira yopewera izi 100%, koma kutsatira moyo wathanzi kungachepetse kuopsa kwa zizindikiro.
- Imwani madzi ambiri: Pewani kutaya madzi m'thupi. Chepetsani kumwa khofi ndi mowa.
- Idyani zakudya zopatsa thanzi: Idyani zakudya zopatsa thanzi, kuphatikizapo ndiwo zamasamba, zipatso, nyemba, nyama yopanda mafuta ambiri, ndi tirigu wonse.
- Maseŵero Olimbitsa Thupi: Kuchita maseŵero olimbitsa thupi tsiku lililonse n’kwabwino kwambiri pa thanzi la maganizo.
- Gonani bwino: Gonani bwino kwa maola osachepera 7-8 patsiku.
- Lankhulani ndi munthu amene mumamudalira: Kulankhula za mavuto ndi momwe mukumvera ndi mnzanu wodalirika kapena wachibale wanu kungakhale kotonthoza kwambiri.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Kuopa anthu ndi mantha enieni okhudza anthu. Si chinthu chomwe mumaganizapo kale.
- Izi n'zosiyana ndi matenda a nkhawa pakati pa anthu, komwe mantha amayamba chifukwa cha anthu okha.
- Ngati muli mu mkhalidwe umenewu, musachite manyazi kapena mantha. Si vuto lanu.
- Zizindikiro zimenezi zimatha kuthetsedwa bwino ndi chithandizo. Pali akatswiri omwe angakuthandizeni.
- Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi, chinthu chabwino kuchita ndikuonana ndi dokotala wanu ndikukambirana za izi .
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